Week 2
Week 2
PVMGO: Nurturance
Values Integration: Cooperative
II. Subject Matter II. Subject Matter II. Subject Matter II. Subject Matter II. Subject Matter
Topic: The Origin of Universe Topic: Earth and Earth Topic: Earth and Earth Topic: Earth and Earth Topic:
and Solar System Systems Systems Systems Reference:
Reference: Reference: Reference: Reference: CG Code:
CG Code: S11/12ES-Ia-e- & CG Code: S11/12ES -Ia-e-3 & CG Code: S11/12ES -Ia-e- 5 CG Code: S11/12ES -Ia-e- 6 Online:
S11/12ES-Ia-e-2 S11/12ES -Ia-e- 4 Online: Online: Materials: Book, CG/MELCS
Online: Online: Materials: Book, CG/MELCS Materials: Book, CG/MELCS and PPT, Chart
Materials: Book, CG/MELCS Materials: Book, CG/MELCS and PPT, Chart and PPT, Chart Vertical Alignment:
and PPT, Chart and PPT, Chart Vertical Alignment: Vertical Alignment:
Vertical Alignment: Vertical Alignment:
III. Procedures III. Procedures III. Procedures III. Procedures III. Procedures
Preliminaries: Preliminaries: Preliminaries: Preliminaries: Preliminaries:
Prayer Prayer Prayer Prayer Prayer
Checking of Attendance Checking of Attendance Checking of Attendance Checking of Attendance Checking of Attendance
Review: Review: Review: Review: Review:
Ask questions about the idea What are the theories What are the factors that What are the current
of the subject “Earth & Life about the origin of the makes Earth habitable? advancement/informti A1. Activity:
Science”. universe? Explain each What are the four on on the solar system
A1. Activity: “Video What are the theories of subsystems? Briefly explain. that we have A2. Analysis:
Presentation” the solar system? Explain A1. Activity: “Solar System discussed yesterday?
The teacher will play a video each News Headlines” (Surprise!) A1. Activity: A3. Abstraction:
about the universe and the A1. Activity: Group Activity Instructions: “Who Helped Us Know?” -
solar system Instructions: Present 2–3 real or adapted Mystery Discovery Game A4. Application:
1. Divide students into four “news headlines” like: Instructions:
Link: groups, each assigned to one o "Water Found on 1. The teacher show 3–4 short
https://youtu.be/RQ7MAPeC0 of Earth’s subsystems: the Moon and mystery clues on the board
Lc?si=dtPHYqtkCuKx6E6Q Atmosphere, hydrosphere, Mars!" or screen (or read aloud).
lithosphere and biosphere. o "Pluto Is No Longer Example clues:
A2. Analysis: 2. Each group researches their a Planet!" o “I studied how
subsystem, focusing on its o "NASA Plans to continents move.”
UNIVERSE AND SOLAR characteristics, importance, Send Humans to o “I warned the world
SYSTEM and interactions with other Mars!" about pollution
The universe is an all subsystems. Questions to ask: harming nature.”
space-time, matter and 1.Which of these do you think o “I explored the deep
energy including the solar A2. Analysis: is true? ocean and made
system, all stars and HISTORY OF EARTH 2. Which one surprises you underwater videos.”
galaxies, and the content The history of Earth covers the most? o “I believed Earth is
of intergalactic space, approximately 4 billion years
one big living
regarded as a whole.
(4,567,000,000 years), from Earth’s A2. Analysis: system.”
There are three various
formation out of the solar nebula to Current Advancements and 2. The students will guess the
theories explaining the
the present. The geological history Information on the Solar System person/contributors base from the
origin of the universe.
of Earth follows the major events in Over the years, scientists have given clue.
Steady State Theory. It Earth's past based on the geological learned a lot more about our solar
states that the counting time scale, a system of system through space missions, A2. Analysis:
of the galaxies in our chronological measurement based telescopes, and new technologies. Earth System Science (ESS) is
Universe is constant and on the study of the planet's rock Here are some of the most the study of the Earth as a
layers.
new galaxies which are important and recent discoveries: system. It considers
forming continuously are Factors that makes Earth habitable interactions between Earth’s
filling the empty spaces 1. Temperature 1. Reclassification of Pluto spheres- atmosphere,
which are created by 2. Water Pluto is no longer a planet. geosphere, hydrosphere, and
those heavenly bodies 3. Atmosphere In 2006, the International biosphere. It is relatively new
that have crossed the 4. Energy Astronomical Union (IAU) field whose foundation are
boundary lines of 5. Nutrients reclassified it as a dwarf established long ago by
observable Universe. EARTH’S SUBSYSTEMS planet because it doesn’t scientists in other fields.
Earth has a complex "clear its orbit" like the 8
Pulsating Theory: In
system comprising four subsystems- main planets do. Who are the scientists who
this theory, it is assumed
Geosphere, Hydrosphere, 2. Exploration of Mars contributed to the
that there is continuous
expansion and Atmosphere and Biosphere—that NASA’s Perseverance Rover understanding of the Earth
contraction in the interact to carry out many different landed on Mars in 2021. It is system?
universe. It proposes that natural processes. looking for signs of ancient 1. James Huton- the father of
the universe will keep 1. GEOSPHERE is the portion of life and collecting samples modern geology, was a
expanding more and Earth that includes the interior to be brought back to Earth. Scottish farmer and naturalist.
more then slowly it stop. structure, rocks and minerals, Scientists are planning It was in farming that he
Then it will start to landforms, and all physical future human missions to observed how land was
contract due to processes on land that shape Earth’s Mars. shaped by destructive forces
gravitation. surface. All the continents and the 3. James Webb Space of wind and weather systems.
ocean floor are also considered Telescope (JWST)
Big Bang Theory: It parts of the geosphere. Essentially, Launched in 2021, JWST is -He described how the earth
proposes that the entire this is the solid ground of Earth. the most powerful space was formed in a repeated
universe was once 2. HYDROSPHERE is the combined telescope ever. cycle of erosion and
condensed in a very small mass of water found on, under, and It gives us clearer images of sedimentation, which heat
and compact particle above the surface of a planet, minor distant planets, stars, and from volcanoes activity as the
called the primeval planet or natural satellite. This galaxies. driving force.
nucleus. It is estimated includes water in various forms It also studies exoplanets - He also introduced the
that about 20 billion years
whether in ice, liquid, or vapor (planets outside our solar concept of uniformitarianism,
ago, primeval nucleus
found on the surface of the Earth. system) to see if they could implying that the geological
suddenly exploded in a
support life. forces ( such as those that
big bang.
4. Discovery of Water Beyond trigger erosion and volcanic
SOLAR SYSTEM Earth activities) in the past are the
Just a part of the vast Water has been found as ice same as those in the present,
universe is our solar on the Moon and Mars. making it possible to
system. It is located Some moons of Jupiter (like determine the Earth’s history
somewhere in Milky Way Europa) and Saturn (like by studying rocks.
Galaxy. It consists of the sun Enceladus) may have
being at the center, minor Hydrological Cycle is also known as oceans beneath their icy 2. Alexander von Humboldt- a
and major planets and other the “water cycle”; it is the normal surfaces — possibly places 19th century geographer,
celestial bodies like water recycling system on Earth . where life could exist! helped establish the
satellites, comets, asteroids Due to solar radiation, water 6. More Dwarf Planets and foundation for earth system
and meteoroids. evaporates, generally from the sea, Small Bodies science through his
lakes, etc. Water also evaporates Scientists have discovered observations of nature.
ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR from plant leaves through the many more dwarf planets in -He together with his
SYSTEM mechanism of transpiration. As the the Kuiper Belt (a region colleagues, travelled to
There are major steam rises in the atmosphere, it is beyond Neptune). America; Collected botanical,
theories that explain the being cooled, condensed, and Asteroids and comets are zoological, and geological
origin of the solar system.
returned to the land and the sea as also being studied for clues specimens; recorded the
1. Nebular Hypothesis
precipitation. Precipitation falls on about the early solar location of the specimens
Theory. According to
the earth as surface water and system. where they were found; and
this theory, the sun
and other celestial shapes the surface, creating thus 7. The Possibility of Life performed atmosphere and
bodies orbiting around streams of water that result in lakes Beyond Earth geophysical measurements.
it where formed from a and rivers. Research is growing in the -from his record he recognized
nebula- a spinning 3. ATMOSPHERE is a layer or field of astrobiology—the patterns that reveal
cloud of gases. These a set of layers of gases surrounding study of life in the universe. underlying processes, such as
clouds are a planet or other material body, that Scientists are focusing on the transport of heat in ocean
gravitationally is held in place by the gravity of that places like Mars, Europa, currents and the influence of
unstable, and matter body. An atmosphere is more likely and exoplanets where temperature on plants.
coalesces within them to be retained if the gravity it is conditions might support
to smaller denser subject to is high and the life. 3. Vladimir Vernadsky- one of
clumps, which then temperature of the atmosphere is the founders of geochemistry,
rotate, collapse, and low. The atmosphere helps to A3. Abstraction: popularized the term
form stars. protect living organisms from 1. What are the most important and noosphere. In this theory pf
2. Accretion Theory. genetic damage by solar ultraviolet recent discoveries about in our solar Earth development, he stated
Accretion is the radiation, solar wind and cosmic system that we have discussed? that geosphere was the first
gradual increase in the rays. 2. How do the ideas of different phase of the earth that was
size of an object by 4. BIOSPHERE It can also be termed scientists help us understand Earth’s developed.
the buildup of matter
the zone of life on Earth, a closed systems today? -The second phase was the
due to gravity. The
system (apart from solar and cosmic 3. Why is it important to recognize biosphere or biological life.
accretion theory says
radiation and heat from the interior the contributions of scientists in The emergence of life on
that a protosun
passing through a of the Earth), and largely self- Earth and space studies? Earth transformed the
cloud of interstellar regulating. By the most general geosphere. Then the
materials pulled this biophysiological definition, the A4. Application: “Design a noosphere, the sphere of
material along causing biosphere is the global ecological Planet Mission” human consciousness, is the
it to swirl around the system integrating all living beings Instructions: third phase. The development
protosun. As the and their relationships, including Students will work in pairs or of human cognition then
protosun evolved into their interaction with the elements small groups to plan a space transformed the biosphere.
the sun, the material it of the lithosphere, geosphere, mission to study a planet, -Today, the study of human
accreted gradually hydrosphere, and atmosphere. The moon, or dwarf planet in the impact on the biosphere led to
formed the planets biosphere is postulated to have solar system. the concept of sustainability,
and other revolving evolved, beginning with a process of They must create a short which is the capacity of the
bodies. biopoiesis (life created naturally mission plan that includes: Earth to continue to support
3. Tidal Theory. from non-living matter, such as 1. Target: Which planet, human life.
According to this simple organic compounds) or moon, or object are you
theory, the time when biogenesis (life created from living visiting? (e.g., Mars, Europa, James Lovelock- a British
the sun about to form matter), at least some 3.5 billion Pluto) environmentalist, proposed
(protosun), a large years ago. 2. Mission Name: Be creative! the Gaia hypothesis, which
body passing around it
3. Purpose: What do you want postulates that the Earth
may have drawn some
A3. Abstraction: to discover? (e.g., water, works as a self-regulating
gaseous materials
1. Why is Earth the only planet in signs of life, surface system.
from it. The mass of
gaseous materials the solar system that supports life? composition) -He stated that the living
drawn did not 2. What makes Earth different from 4. Technology Used: What organisms co-evolve with
completely escape the other planets? equipment would you nonliving things in the
gravitational pull of 3.What are the four subsystems of bring? (Inspired by environment to form a
the protosun. It the Earth? Can you name them? advancements like the synergistic, self-regulating
continued to spin 4. How do these subsystems work James Webb Telescope or system where life is
around it, eventually together to support life? Mars rovers) maintained and perpetuated.
becoming denser and 5.What happens when one 5. Which Scientist Inspired He cited as evidence the
gradually formed into subsystem changes? Can it affect You?: Mention a scientist photosynthetic bacteria
planetesimals. These the others? whose work relates to your during the Precambrian times.
planetesimals give rise mission (e.g., Galileo, for -The bacteria modified the
to the planets and A4. Application: moons; Rachel Carson, for Earth's atmosphere to
their satellites. Mini Poster: "Why Earth is Just Right life and environments) become oxygen-enriched. The
for Life" change in the atmosphere
A3. Abstraction: Title: "Earth – Our Life Zone" then supported the evolution
1. What are the theories explaining Instructions: of more complex organisms.
the origin of the universe and solar Let students make a mini-
system? poster (short activity Lyn Margulis- an evolutionary
2. What do scientists believe version, or bigger if you theorist, further developed
happened during the Big Bang? have more time). Lovelock's Gaia hypothesis.
2. How does the Nebular They should draw or list 3–5 -Margulis noticed that all
Hypothesis explain how the solar features that make Earth kinds of bacteria give off gases
system was formed? suitable for life (e.g., water, and thought that atmospheric
3. What makes the Steady State oxygen, suitable gases were from biological
Theory different from the Big Bang temperature, atmosphere, sources.
Theory? etc.) -She collaborated with
4. Which solar system theory do you Bonus Challenge: Add which Earth Lovelock and published a
think makes the most sense? Why? subsystem each feature belongs to. paper on how life regulates
the temperature and chemical
A4. Application: “Think Pair composition of the soil and
Share” the atmosphere.
Directions: Explain briefly
For us as living creatures National Aeronautics and
here on Earth what’s Space Administration (NASA)
important to our daily life to -The major landmark in the
know the origin of the formal development of the
universe and the solar Earth System Science was the
system? formation of the Earth System
Science Committee in NASA in
1983. NASA began to study
components of the Earth
system, their linkages,
dependencies, and fluxes.
-Scientists from NASA conduct
the Earth Science Program
with a purpose of
understanding the Earth
system by using satellites for
long-term observations. By
viewing the Earth from space,
they have studied how the
planet is changing in response
to human influences. For
instance, they have shown
how the climate is changing
due to the increasing
concentrations of carbon
dioxide and aerosols from
human activities. These
substances trap the Sun's heat
causing an increase in the
global temperature.
-At present, NASA continues
to answer the question "How
is the Earth system changing,
and what are the
consequences of these
changes for life on Earth?"
A3. Abstraction:
1. Who are the personalities/people
who contribute to the development
of the earth systems?
2. How did the work of early
scientists help us understand the
Earth better today?
3. Why is it important to study the
ideas of people who explored
Earth’s land, air, water, and life?
A4. Application:
Directions: Write a reflective essay
on how a specific scientist’s
contribution has personally
influenced your understanding of
Earth Science and its relevance to
current environmental challenges.
IV. Evaluation IV. Evaluation IV. Evaluation: Exit Pass – “What’s IV. Evaluation IV. Evaluation
Directions: Explain each Directions: 3-2-1 Exit Pass New in Space?” Directions: Explain Briefly (2
question briefly. Type: Reflective writing – fast and Instructions: Before the end of sentence in every contributors is
1. What are the major student-centered class, students write short answers enough)
theories about the Instructions: to: Task: Discuss how contributions of
nature of expanding Before leaving, each student writes: 1 new thing I learned about personalities/people (those we have
galaxies? Explain o 3 things they learned about the solar system today is... discussed) to the understanding of
each. Earth and its subsystems This advancement is the Earth's system.
2. Why do some important because…
o 2 subsystems that interact
scientists believe that
during one real-life event
the universe is
expanding? o 1 question they still have or
3. What are the major one interesting fact
theories about the
origin of the solar
system? Explain each.
V. Assignment V. Assignment V. Assignment: "Scientist Spotlight: V. Assignment V. Assignment
Research on the current Direction: Make a slogan w/drawing Earth System Heroes" Study well the lessons for the Quiz
information about space that has a theme 🎯 Instructions: tomorrow.
exploration. (Short bond “What Makes the Earth Habitable?” Choose one famous scientist who
paper) contributed to the study of the
Note: With Rubrics Earth’s systems.
Create a short profile or mini-
poster that includes:
1.Name of the scientist
2.Field of study (e.g., geology,
meteorology, ecology, etc.)
3.Major contribution or
discovery
4.Which Earth subsystem(s)
their work relates to
(biosphere, geosphere,
atmosphere, or
hydrosphere)
5.Why is their work important
today?