CULTURE & MORAL BEHAVIOR

What is CULTURE?
>moral and ethical beliefs and standards that speak to people should behave and
interact with others
>time periods between countries and geographic regions among the organization

CULTURE INFLUENCE ONE’S MORAL DEVELOPMENT?

> Culture is always social & communal

*Laws, rules, and standards of attitudes and behaviours to promote a relationship
that binds them together

> Culture is principle

*defines which particular principle and behavior should be kept to serve Best to
community

> Culture develops restrictions & set boundaries

*protection among the members themselves
* creates an atmosphere which promotes the welfare of the community

> Culture conditions the mind

*generating the character and identify of its people, including moral character

KINDS OF CULTURE
1 Material Culture
*physical things that people create and attach meaning to.
* Natural objects and materials aren’t consider to be part of material culture.
2 Non-Material Culture
*creation and abstract ideas that are no embodied in physical objects.
* Social roles, rules ethics and beliefs are examples.

ELEMENTS OF CULTURE

 Language
 Set of socially sound pattern, words, and sentences having specific
meaning And shared to a social situation
 Social sound pattern, word or sentences common to specific culture

 Symbols
 anything that use for something else.
 People who share a culture often attach specific meaning
to an object, gesture, sound or image.

 Norms
 rules and the guidelines which specify the behavior of
an individual it keeps a person within the boundary of
society and its culture.

DIVISION OF NORMS
 Folkways
 simple customary was of the people.
 It is the normal and habitual action of people
within a culture.
 Folkways are the recognized or accepted ways
of behavior

 Mores
 Latin word and the plural of mos which means
customs or belief of a person.
 refers to "what ought to be and what ought
not to be."

 Values
 anything getting importance in our daily life
becomes our values
 Not biological but social production
 The good idea and thinking of a person
 Beliefs
 responsible for the spiritual fulfillment of
needs and wants

 Laws
 Written and enforced rules that guide behavior.
 System of rules that are enforced by some
institution, like the police or the government
“ IT IS AN ACT INTENDED TO PRODUCE KIND
AND/OR FAIR OUTCOME “
It is an act intended to produce kind and/or fair
outcome
Moral behavior
>children demonstrate pro-social and morel
behavior when they share, help, cooperate,
communicate, sympathize or demonstrate ability
to care about others
Education
>include child's formal or Non-formal educational
system that provides a child learning needs
Family
>One's biological or adoptive family of
orientation
>provides our basic needs
Church
>Considered right and wrong
>composed of believers of same faith
Mass media
 >purposive of entertaining informing educating
through various channels
Dimensions of culture

How Cultural Relativism Becomes A Problem In

Ethics

 It has persuaded people to be skeptical about ethics.

 It challenges our belief in the objectivity and universality
of moral truth.
 There are only the various cultural codes, and nothing
more.

6 CLAIMS MADE BY CULTURAL RELATIVISM

 . Different societies have different moral codes;
 2. There is no objective standard that can be used
to judge one societal code better than another;
 3. The moral code of our own society has no
special status; it is merely one among many;
  4. There is no "universal truth" in ethics - that is,
there are no moral truths that hold for all peoples
at all times;
 5. The moral code of a society determines what is
right [and wrong] within that society;
 6. It is arrogance for us to try to judge the
conduct of other peoples

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES ARGUMENT

• Different Cultures have different moral codes
• There is no objective truth in morality. Right and
wrong are only matter of opinion, and opinions
vary from culture to culture.

CULTURAL AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

 Critical
oposes questions about cultural practices in terms of who is
accepting them and why
o recognizes oppressors, winners, victims
 Absolute
o Whatever goes on in culture must not be questioned by
outsiders

ETHNOCENTRICM
 a form of bias, where we tend to immediately judge another
culture as “bad” or wrong based upon their actions.

CULTURAL RELATIVISM VS ETHNOCENTRISM

 Cultural Relativism Ethnocentrism

 Culture should be understood  Judging other cultures based

on its own terms, not using the on the preconceptions
standards of another culture originating in the standards
and customs of one's own
culture
 Involves looking at another
culture by its own perspective
instead of one’s own culture  Involves looking at another
culture from the perspective of
one's own culture
 Understands that one culture
is not better than another
 Individual will believe that his
culture is “better” “correct”
or “normal”

The Filipino way: Culture & Value

System

Filipino Cultural Morality

 centers/anchors on ideally having a Smooth
Interpersonal Relationship (SIR) with others.
Filipinos have 6 SIRs:
• Pakikisama
 Maintaining good public
relations/relationship
 SENSITIVITY IS THE KEY
• Hiya
  concept of hiya is fear of loosing face
 Feeling of lowliness, shame,
embarrassment, and shyness
• Amor Porpio7
 self-esteem or self-respect or sense
of pride
 to protect his/her honor and dignity
such as refusing offers of others
• Utang na loob
 the concept of reciprocity or
returning the received favor back
 debt of gratitude usually makes a
person “walang utang na loob” or
“walang hiya”
• Filipino Hospitality
 warm and welcoming nature of the
Filipino people towards their guests.
 Tulóy ka/kayó” is a Filipino warm
welcoming
  expression that shows kind
accommodations to their visitors.
• Respect for Elders
 Filipinos are respectful and have unique
ways of expressing our respect for our
elders such as using "po" and "opo" ',
"pagmamano"

FILIPINO CULTURE & VALUES

Filipino Culture
Summation of indigenous forces and foreign
influences that has come to bear upon the people in
varying degrees during the last centuries

HINDU

SPANISH
INDIAN
S
CONTRIBUTORY
FACTORS TO FILIPINO
CULTURE

CHINESE
AMERICANS

MALAYS
 TRADITIONAL CONCEPT NATIONALIS CULTURAL
TIC VIEW DUALISM

HOW FILIPINO THE PHILIPPINE

CULTURE WAS SUMMATIO IS A
N OF NEEDS TRANSITIO
DEVELOPED DUE TO
OF PEOPLE NAL
THE
THE SOCIETY
CONGCOMERTION OF DESCRIPTIO DOMINATE
THE N OF PAST D ON ONE
&PRESENT SIDED BY
PHYSICAL CONDITION THE
INTELLECTUAL AN TRADITION
MORAL & SPIRITUAL DEPICTION AL
ASPECTS OF THE CULTURE &
HISTORIC ON OTHER
STRUGGLES SIDE OF
TO MODERN
LIBERATW CULTURE
THEM
SELVES.

BELIEF SYSTEM
-BELIEVER OF RELIGION
-BELIEVING IN SUPER NATURAL POWERS & VIEWED
THEMSELVES AS ONLY SPECK IN WIDE UNIVERSE
-SUCCESS IS CONSIDERED AS LUCK & FAITH
-HAPPINESS & SUCCESS IN DIFFER IN ONE PERSON TO
ANOTHER

VALUE SYSTEM
- CULTURAL VALUE ARE SHAPED ASSUMPTIONS OF
WHAT IS GOOD , RIGHT AND IMPORTANT
- GUIDE MAN`S BEHAVIOR & ACTION AS RELATED TO
HIMSELF IN MOST SITUATION
- BEST TO BE SEEN FROM THE ASPECT OF PERSON &
SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP
- MAJORITY OF FILIPINOS VALUE MORE THEIR HONOR
(KARANGALAN) RATHER THAN WEALTH
 FILIPINO VALUE PREDOMINANT
BAHALA NA
 COMMON EXPRESSION AMONG FILIPINOS & THIS REST
ON THE FATALISTIC OUTLOOK AND STRONG
DEPENDECE ON THE SPIRIT WHO WILL TAKE CARE OF
EVERYTHING

FILIPINO JOY & HUMOR

 HAVE A CHEERFUL & FUN LOVING APPROACH TO LIFE
AND IT`S UP AND DOWN
FLEXIBILITY , ADAPTABILITY & CREATIVITY
 ADJUST & TO ADOPT TO CIRCUMSTANCES & THE
SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT ,BOTH PHYSICAL &
SOCIAL ,ADJUST WHATEVER HAPPENS EVEN IN AN
PLANNED OR AN ANTICIPATED EVENTS
 VERANCE FOR AMBIGUITY THAT ENABLES US TO
REMAIN UNFAZED BY CERTAINLY OR LACK OF INFO
HARDWORK & INDUSTRY
CAPACITY FOR HARD WORK GIVEN PROPER
CONDITIONS TO RAISE ONE STANDARD OF LIVING &
TO POSSES ESSENTIALS OF A DECENT LIFE FOR ONE
FAMILY
WILLING TO TAKE A RISK WITH JOBS ABROAD AND
WHILE HAVING HARDWORK

FAITH & RELIGIONAL

Can shape an individual's moral and ethical beliefs
by providing a set of values and beliefs to guide their
actions.
Emphasize the importance of treating others with
respect, compassion, and kindness, which can lead to
more positive
 ABILITY TO SURVIVE
MAKES DO WHAT IS AVAILABLE
AUTHORITARIANISM
DEPENDENCE OF THE FILIPINOS IN PATERNALISTIC
RAATHER THAN IN A STERN WAY UPON THE ELDERS
OF THE FAMILY UPON THEIR BOSS , IF EMPLOYED &
UPON PEOPLE IN AUTHORITY AS THEIR FATHER FIGURE

INDIVIDUALISM
PATTERN OF BEHAAVIOR WHICH CHARACTERIZES THE
FILIPINO AS SELF-CENTERED ,THE DESIRE TO MAKE
THE NAME FOR HIMSELF BECCOMES THE PRIMARY
MOTIVATION OF SUCCESS

STRENGTH AND WEAKNESSES

STRENGTH
KAPWA TAO= FELLOW HUMAN BEING4
 OPEN TO OTHERS & FEEL ONE WITH OTHERS REGARD
OTHERS WITH DIGNITY & RESPECT DEAL WITH THEM
AS FELLOW HUMAN BEINGS
 HELPFULNESS & GENEROSITY IN TIMES OF NEED
(PAKIKIRAMAY); PRACTICES OF BAYANIHAN OR
MUTUAL ASSISTANCE , FILIPINO HOSPITALITY
FAMILY ORIENTED
 SOURCE OF PERSONAL IDENTITY EMOTIONAL &
MATERIAL SUPPORT & ONE`S MAN COMMITMENT &
RESPONSIBILITY
 HONOR & RESPECT GIVEN TO PARENTS &
ELDERS ;CARE GIVEN TO THE CHILDREN ; GENEROSITY
TOWARDS KIN IN NEED & GREAT SACRIFICES ONE
ENDURES FOR THE WELFARE OF THE FAMILY.
WEAKNESSES

EXTREME PERSONALISM
VIEW THE WORLD IN TERMS OF PERSONAL
RELATIONSHIP

EXTREME FAMILY
THEY WANT THEIR HEIRLOOM IS ONLY WITHIN
FAMILY.

LACK OF FILIPINO TIME

INCLUDING FILIPINO TIME

PASSIVITY & LACK OF INCIATIVE

COLONIAL MENTALITY

KANYA-KANYA SYNDROME

LACK OF SELF ANALYSIS & SELF ASSESSMENT