10-05-25

Velocity Vectors
Pre Reg
.
Velocity Magnitude direction
:

Assumed
Bearings
,

a
value of spee Knowledge Basic & Further
Trig
y
up : tre
&
v= -

Sm/s

Bearing V
=
Sm/

Speed Sm/s (Direction

=
does not matter)
j
i : -re i : + ve

j : +ve
j : +r
9I
1. Using veclocity vector to find speed : -
V i : the

ji -ve j : -ve

v = (ai bj)m/s
+

Note : Speed is the

magnitude of Velocity rector
Speed-ad + b2

Examples

1. Velocity = (3i + 4j) m/s, find the speed 2. V= (8i - 6j) m/s, find the speed.

Speed 32+ yd 82 (6)2

-
Speed =
+

Speed 5 m/s
=
Speed 10m/s =
2. Finding velocity vector
(using speed & direction
sams Find its velocity vector
1 An object is travelling north-east at a speed of _____.

-speed Direction
Vector
Velocity -
Horisontch comp

V =
(ai bj) m/s
+ < End Result
.

vert N
.

Comp 2

sobeo
E
W
* b

1450 &
a S

a b

Cs45 Sin45
bis
= a =

S
a= 3 b =
3

V =
(3i 3j)m/s
+
2. An object is travelling at a bearing of 120, at a speed of 10m/s. Find its velocity vector

13009 a(t) blf

10 -b >120
Cos30- Sin30
b
a =

10

a = 53 b 5
&

v =
(5si Sj)m/
-

3 An object is travelling at a speed of 8m/s in the direction of 6i + 8j.

Find its velocity vector.

Vector-speed x unit vector of direction vector

Velocity unit vector-rector

8x6i +
Magnitude
V =
8)
62+ 82
"

*
v =

X 68
V
=
4(6i 8j) +
 Past Paper Questions
I

125x6i 3j
q
-
=

62+ 1352

15 x Gi
- 3j =
h(bi 3)
-
= 24i -

1j
35

q
= 24i-
12j

u 152x Si +
5j
-

[S]4 52 +

3
13x
=
+

j =
+

U= 15i +
15j
-

[2y] [] [33]
r =

q
+ = +

(g +
r) =
qn + 32 = 350

[as10] [ ] :
 6

6 (a) In this question, i is a unit vector due east and j is a unit vector due north.

A cyclist rides at a speed of 4 ms−1 on a bearing of 015°. Write the velocity vector of the cyclist in
the form xi + yj, where x and y are constants. [2]

Sin75
Cos75
a b 5im
=
=

b
1758
a= 6 -
2 b= 6 + 2 a

(6 -
2)i (6 + +
2)j
P g
(b) A vector of magnitude 6 on a bearing of 300° is added to a vector of magnitude 2 on a bearing of
230° to give a vector v. Find the magnitude and bearing of v. [5]
&
Sin 30
b
Cs30 = -

=
N&
6
6

"og
a= 33b = 3

[
33
-

600
p =

-
Cs40 =
- a Sin40 =

glory so
a=
-
26s40 b =
-

2Sin48

[672
a
26s40 33-26s48

[-3
- -

&

t -

-Sin48 3 -Sin48 b

E355-20540)* (3-2Sinho/2
tan 1
(V1 1 7a
=
,

visa
=
+
y
* 14 .
2968

IVl of
bearing
6 94 units
.

on a 284 30 284 295

= .

270 + x = ·

284 30.

© UCLES 2022 4037/22/M/J/22

 - Magnitude & vector
Speed-
Displacement
Distance Velocity
Time =

Displacement Distance
Velocity Speed

(ai bj)ma
+ + b (ai bjjmb
+ a+ b

Example
1 .
B + (Ri 5j)m +
,
find distance AB

13 AB = 12+ 52
97 -5
AB = 13m
A
i

AB
2 . =

(2i-24j) m & time taken to

go from from A to B is 4 seconds Find
.

i
velocity ii speed

= Displacement
Velocity Speed
time

32i-24j I 2

v =
(8i 6j)m/s
-

Mag .
of Vel. speed- #
2
84+ ( 6) 32 L24)
?
S =
-

Speed = 10m/s speed : 10m/

Displacement of object at constant
moving velocity
an a

V = a+ it

U :
Displacement after t hours

Position Vector of
starting point
a:

v
Velocity rector
[b]
:

t :
time

Position Vector
Displacement aftert hours : v = a + it

after+ hour of position vector

Distance from 0
Magnitude
2 :
V = a+ it

V =
( (i 3j)m/s
+

&

2 · A (starting Point)
I

O & & S 45

Vector
At t = 0 :
Position
At -1 :

[] [] +

[S] []
At t 2 : :

At t
>[] [5]s
+ +

t [s] [i]t
At t =
+
 7

A particle P is moving with a velocity of 20 ms-1 in the same direction as e o .

3
5 -

4
(i) Find the velocity vector of P. [2]

"X
3ithi-lai
+
16j
[]
At time t = 0 s, P has position vector e o relative to a fixed point O.
1
2
(ii) Write down the position vector of P after t s. [2]

[] [i]t
= +

A particle Q has position vector e

17 o
relative to O at time t = 0 s and has a velocity vector e o ms-1.
8
18 12
(iii) Given that P and Q collide, find the value of t when they collide and the position vector of the point of
collision. [3]

Note: when two objects collide, we equate their

=
(8] [i]t +
position vector

op ,

[] [] +
=

[8] [12]t +

[I]
4t
P-1]]
> = 16

t 4=

© UCLES 2019 0606/11/M/J/19 [Turn over

 10

8 In this question, all lengths are in metres and all times are in seconds.

A particle A is moving in the direction e o with a speed of 58.

- 20
21
(a) Find the velocity vector of A. [1]

58x 20i + 2) 40i +

42j
- -

202+212

(b) Given that A is initially at the point with position vector e o, write down the position vector of A
5
-3
at time t. [1]

n =

[3] [0+

A particle B starts to move such that its position vector at time t is e

- 35t + 4 o
.
44t - 2
(c) Find the displacement vector AB at time t. [2]

B =

[34]
[34] [Sut] -

[ii]

© UCLES 2022 0606/12/F/M/22

 11

(d) Hence find the distance AB, at time t, in the form pt 2 + qt + r , where p, q and r are constants.
[2]

[ii] (St 1) (2t

+ + 1)
-

"
= 2SE- 10t + 1 + 4+ + ht+ 1

29t -
6t + 2

(e) Find the value of t when the distance AB is 6, giving your answer correct to 2 decimal places.
[2]

297
&
-
6t + 2 =

76
2972 -
6t -
4 =
0

t =
-

(b) =4(29)(4)
2(29)
t = 0 49 .

© UCLES 2022 0606/12/F/M/22 [Turn over

 18

11 Inthisquestioniisaunitvectordueeastandjisaunitvectorduenorth. For

Examiner’s
 Attimet =0boatAleavestheoriginOandtravelswithvelocity(2i+4j)kmh–1.Alsoattimet=0 Use

boat B leaves the point with position vector (–21i + 22j)km and travels with velocity
(5i+3j)kmh–1.

 (i) WritedownthepositionvectorsofboatsAandBafterthours. [2]

n (2i 4j)t
[a]t
= +

(22 3t)j
[ [Jt (H St)i
B =
+
+ + +

 (ii) ShowthatAandBare25kmapartwhent=2. [3]

B--[t]-]
Fatto a
AB =

[] (=
(AB) = 25

©UCLES2013 0606/23/O/N/13
 19

 (iii) FindthelengthoftimeforwhichAandBarelessthan25kmapart. [5] For

Examiner’s
Use

/Bl
F
= 225

(21 37) (22

+ +
-

+(2) 12st"
47 +t
&

44144 97 + + 484 -
625

10th -
170t + 300 <0

+2 17t + 3040

- 15t 2 30/0
t -
+

2(t 5) ! is
t(t 15) +
-
-

t = 2 t = 15

2 < IS

t 13hours
=
(15-2)

©UCLES2013 0606/23/O/N/13 [Turnover