Three Models for understanding interpersonal relationships and interpersonal communication are: 1. Exchange Theory 2. Johari Window 3.
Transactional Analysis
Each of these models helps in our understanding the underlying relationships upon which interpersonal communication is based
Ashok Karri, Gitam Institute of Management
Interpersonal relationships serve as the framework within which interpersonal communication occurs. If we are to fully understand a communication event between two people, we must know the relationship of these people Exchange theory provides a conceptual framework by considering what is being exchanged in i.p. relations I.P. Motives depend on the reward value gained from the relationship Individuals involved in a relationship need to feel that each is contributing equally, that is, the rewards are equal to what is given
Ashok Karri, Gitam Institute of Management
Interpersonal acts are seen as commodities to be
exchanged Commodities include information, expertise, status, money and love Check pp.135 for a graphical presentation of the commodities to be exchanged
Ashok Karri, Gitam Institute of Management
Joe Luft and Harrington Ingham developed the Johari Window Model (1961) Helps in focusing on the information flow between two people You are not aware of everything about yourself You learn more about yourself all the time Others with whom you have a relationships do not have full knowledge of you either Johari Window is a model for examining those areas of a person which are known and those areas which are not known to the person and others
Ashok Karri, Gitam Institute of Management
Transactional Analysis (TA) provides a useful framework for focusing attention on how exchanges take place
Eric Berne suggests that there are 3 basic ways that individuals use to relate to others
Ashok Karri, Gitam Institute of Management
Proposed by Dr. Eric
Berne in mid 1960s in his book Games People Play Popularized by Thomas A. Harris, author of the book I'm OK - You're OK, and Muriel James, author of Born to Win.
Ashok Karri, Gitam Institute of Management
When two people interact with each other they engage
in social transactions in which one person responds to the another.
Study of such social transactions is known as
Transactional Analysis.
It is used to study and analyze interpersonal
communication
Ashok Karri, Gitam Institute of Management
Ashok Karri, Gitam Institute of Management
Complementary Transaction
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Crossed/ Blocked Transaction
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Ulterior Transaction
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Verbal or non verbal
Positive or negative
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Improves interpersonal communication Simple to learn Applicable in Motivation
Helps in Organizational Development
Can be used at home as well as in office
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TA suggests how people interact in exchanges
They may use the Parent ego state in communication,
indicating a parental attitude toward the person They may adopt a Child ego state in interacting, indicating a childlike attitude (rebellious, conforming, dependent or insecure) Finally, they may communicate in the Adult ego state, suggesting a problem-solving approach to reality
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Draw a Johari Window that you believe represents you in relationship to other members of your class. Now draw a Johari Window that represents you in relationship to a person who is close to you From these windows answer the following questions: 1. Are you an open person? 2. Are you a listening person? 3. Can others feel confidant that they really know you? 4. Do you place great emphasis upon knowing the feelings and thoughts of others?
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