DLP PROJECTOR
FDD@H
Agenda
1. What is DMD? 2. DLP projector
- Why should we choice DLP projector?
- Optical configurations - Optical elements 3. How it works? - FSC - SCR
1. What is DMD ?
DMD: Digital Micromirror Device Beginning to be developed by sight change according to the movement of Rear View Mirror
Number of moving parts - 0.5 (SVGA) to >1.3 (TBA) million Mechanical motion - - - - - Makes discrete contacts or landings Lifetime - - - - - - - - - - - - - up to 100,000 hrs
Address voltage - - - - - - - 3.3-volt CMOS technology
Mechanical elements - - - - Aluminum Process - - - - - - - - - - - - - Low temperature, sputter deposition, plasma etch (standard SC processes) Package (Type A) - - - - - - Optical, hermetic, welded lid
Mirror
Address Electrode
Yoke
Bias/Reset Bus
Metal Address Pads
Tilting Angle: 10 12
1. What is DMD ?
Expressing light and shade by changes of selected light by path Mirror Tilting Expressing Gray level by times taken for path change
2. DLP Projector
Image Quality
Why should we choice DLP projector?
- Pixelization (fill factor) DLP= Seamless, Filmlike LCD= Grainy, Pixellated
DLP = large active area LCD = smaller active area
- Contrast Ratio DLP= simple optics: easier light management LCD= complex optics: more difficult light management
- Sharpness (color alignment)
DLP= no misalignment LCD= misalignment likely over time
DLP LCD
- Video Quality
DLP= fast switching: minimal lag (few s) LCD= slow switching: significant lag (tens of ms) smearing for fast moving video
2. DLP Projector
- Color Quality
Why should we choice DLP projector?
DLP= can match any LCD color gamut
LCD= cant match any DLP color gamut R,G,B Bandwidth is depend on each color because of non-sequential system
DLPTM LCD
wavelength
wavelength
- Smallest & Brightest
DLP= simple optical system, good reflectivity LCD= complex optical system
DLPTM
LCD
2. DLP Projector
Why should we choice DLP projector?
Repeatable Performance (digital accuracy)
DLP= digital: precise control, constant performance over time LCD= analog: variable (affected by temperature, vibration, heat, humidity), deterioration over time
Reliable
- Superior thermal characteristics DLP= reflects heat LCD= absorbs heat, performance degrades - LCD panel degrades as a function of both time and use
- DMDs have shown consistent robust performance over time with up to 100,000
hours lifetime
Start
LCD
DLP
2. DLP Projector
Number of DMD
Optical configurations
1 Chip DLP
3 Chip DLP
2. DLP Projector
TIR prism
Optical Configurations
Non TIR Prism DLP
TIR Prism DLP
2. DLP Projector
TIR prism
Optical Configurations
Non TIR Prism DLP
TIR Prism DLP
2. DLP Projector
Optical elements
DMD Panel
TIR Prism (Total Internal Reflection) Condenser Lens C3 (Aspherical Surface) Mirror
Condenser Lens C2 Condenser Lens C1 Integrating Rod Reflector (Elliptical Surface)
Lamp
Aperture Front Glass (UV Cut Coating)
Color Drum (R,G,B,W segment) Color Wheel
2. DLP Projector
a. Output Voltage
Optical elements
(1) Lamp & Reflector
- AC Type : PHILIPS, OSRAM, IWASAKI, THOSHIBA . - DC Type : USHIO b. Reflector - Elliptical Type : Almost of all DLP Projector Smallest size= 33mm, Bami lamp made by Philips - Parabolic Type : Used with condensor lens . Some of AV Projector
Elliptical Reflector
Parabolic Reflector
2. DLP Projector
(2) UV Cut Filter
Optical elements
- UV causes heat for some parts . (Coating, Plastic, Bonding) - On UV Cut Coating, Try not to make the reflected light be concentrated on one point of UV Lamp
UV Cut Filter
100 90 80
Transmittance(%)
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780
Reflected UV light
AOI=0 deg AOI=10 deg
Wavelength(nm)
Material: Borofloat + UV Coating
2. DLP Projector
(3) Rod Integrator
Optical elements
- through internal reflects, it makes uninformative incident light distribution rectangular uninformative light
Type: Solid Rod Glass or Plastic
Light Tunnel Mirror
in
out
Avd: good transmission. Strong against heat DisAvd: easy to broken, easy to get dust , long
Avd: easy to install, dust free, Short DisAvd: less transmission, weak for heat
Light Distribution from the input
Light Distribution from the output
2. DLP Projector
Optical elements
(3) Color Drum & Wheel
Optical instrument filtering color by Color Filter assembled with Motor \
< Color Drum >
< Color Wheel >
< SCR Color Drum >
2. DLP Projector
Optical elements
(4) Illumination Lenses
It guides lights from Rod Integrator into valid dimensions of DMD
L2 L1
h
(m)= h / h = f2 / f1 (t)= 2*(f1+f2)
f1
f1 f2 t f2
L2 L1 < JT30 >
f1 = 9.53, f2 = 22.79 m = 2.39 R2 R3 R1 R4
R5
R6
2. DLP Projector
(5) Mirror
Optical elements
It changes light path or controls light position on DMD
2. DLP Projector
(5) (TIR Prism)
Optical elements
Using air gaps between two prism, it makes selective reflect of transmission
in
out
out
air gap
in
air gap <in : reflect, out : transmission> <in : transmission, out : Reflect > TIR Prism DMD Panel DMD Panel
TIR Prism
2. DLP Projector
(5) Projection Lens
Optical elements
It transmit Active Area of DMD on Screen Fixed Focus Lens Cannot control the zoom in Fixed distance Variable Focus Lens (Zoom Lens) Can control the screen size with zoom in Fixed distance
<
Telecentric Type Zoom Lens>
Screen
< Converging Type Zoom Lens >
Screen
DMD
Used in DLP Engine with TRI Prism
DMD
Used DLP Engine with Non-TIR Prism
3. How it works?
FSC
Color Filtering by Rotating of Color Wheel
Color Wheel Color Filter . ( DLP White Peaking Mode=0 ) Gray Ramp .
time for one field
Pure G time
Pure W time Mixed Color time
Pure R time Mixed Color time
Pure B time Mixed Color time Mixed Color time
3. How it works?
Operation
FSC
FSC=Field Sequential Color Lighting on DMD in timely sequence In case of transmitting Red Filter, Green and Blue is reflected and is useless
Blue and Green light turned into heat Red light transmitted 33% efficiency
Color Wheel
3. How it works?
FSC
Brief Brightness Estimation
1) RGB Segment ( W=1, R:G:B Intensity= 1/3, R:G:B segment size= 1:1:1) R = 1/3 G = B = 1/3
RGB size = 1/3 : Wo = R/3 + G/3 + B/3 = 0.333
2) RGB Segment ( W=1, R:G:B Intensity= 1/3, R:G:B:W segment size= 1:1:1:1) R = 1/3 W=1 RGB size = 1/4 Wo = R/4 + G/4 + B/4 + W/4 = 0.500 G = B = 1/3
3. How it works?
Operation
SCR
SCR= Sequential Color Recapture Scroll Lighting Whole RGB on DMD in timely sequence
Integrating RGB Filter CMY Rod Integrating CMY CMY Color Rod RGB Filter RGB Integrating Segment Mirror Rod Filter , RGB Size RGB RGB RGB Filter Segment . . . . Reflected RGB is re-reflected by Integrating Rod IN and transmitted by RGB Filter
3. How it works?
SCR
Brief Brightness Estimation
Integrating Rod : Total size vs Hole Size ratio = 0.5 Total size Input vs Hole Input Intensity Ratio = 0.85 1) RGB Segment ( Wi=1, R:G:B Intensity= 1/3, R:G:B segment size= 1:1:1) R = first transmission R(0.85*1/3) + G,B reflected MY of re-reflected R(0.85*0.5*2/3*1/3*2) = 0.472 G,B is same as above G=B= 0.472
RGB size = 1/3 Wo = R/3 + G/3 + B/3 =
0.472
2) RGB Segment ( W=1, R:G:B Intensity= 1/3, R:G:B:W segment size= 1:1:1:1) R = first transmission R(0.85*1/3) + G,B reflected MY of re-reflected R(0.85*0.5*2/4*1/3*2) = 0.425 G,B is same as above G = B = 0.425 W=1 RGB size = 1/4 Wo = R/4 + G/4 + B/4 + W/4 =
0.569
