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MDOF System

This document discusses the discretization and modeling of a 4 degree-of-freedom (DOF) building system with a rigid floor. It presents the mass and stiffness matrices for the system and calculates the mode shapes and frequencies. It then describes how to determine the response of the multi-DOF system to ground motion using modal analysis and modal combination methods like square root of sum of squares (SRSS). An example is provided to illustrate calculating the base shear (Vb) using modal combination. Finally, it discusses how static analysis design codes approximate the dynamic behavior by assuming the first mode is dominant.

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Abu Abdul Fattah
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210 views19 pages

MDOF System

This document discusses the discretization and modeling of a 4 degree-of-freedom (DOF) building system with a rigid floor. It presents the mass and stiffness matrices for the system and calculates the mode shapes and frequencies. It then describes how to determine the response of the multi-DOF system to ground motion using modal analysis and modal combination methods like square root of sum of squares (SRSS). An example is provided to illustrate calculating the base shear (Vb) using modal combination. Finally, it discusses how static analysis design codes approximate the dynamic behavior by assuming the first mode is dominant.

Uploaded by

Abu Abdul Fattah
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prof.Dr.Ir.Bambang Budiono, M.

E
MDOF DISCRETIZATION

0 0
0 0
4 4
0
0
0
0
3
3
0 0
0 0
2 
EI 2
0 0
0 0
1 1

4 DOF system with rigid floor (EI  )


MASS AND STIFFNESS

Inertia Force

k1 -k1
-k1 k1+k2 -k2
-k2 k2+k3 -k3
. ,. .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . -kn-1
-kn-1 kn-1+kn

Spring Force (inter storey shear force)


Modes shapes and Frequencies
(eigen vectors and eigen values)
Modes shapes and Frequencies
(eigen vectors and eigen values)
Modes shapes and Frequencies
(eigen vectors and eigen values)

1 = 8.438 2= 25.768 3= 40.388 4= 50.800


Mode shapes (eigen vectors)
RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION
RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION

Mode (n) contribution:

= (t) (1)
Where:

= mode shape (n)


(t) = scalar
Dynamic equilibrium:
+ + =- (2)
Substitute (1) to (2):
+ + =-
RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION

Pre-multiply by

+
+ =-

It can be rewritten as:


Mn + Cn + Kn = - Ln (SDOF) (3)

Where:

Mn = = Generalized mass

Cn = = Generalized damping
RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION

Kn = = Generalized Stiffness

Ln = = Modal Excitation Factor

= unit column matrix

Equation (3) divided by Mn :


+ 2 + 2 = - MPF

Where:

MPF = Modal Participation Factor = =


RESPONSE OF MDOF TO GROUND MOTION
(t) using step by step Integration
Maximum Sd(n)
Maximum Sv(n) = Sd(n)

Maximum Sa(n) = Sd(n)


Shear Force at the building:
{Fn} max = [m]{v(t)}max = [m]{n} Yn max = [m]{n} Sd(n)
Can be rewritten as:
{Fn} max = [m]{n} Sa(n)
And the corresponding Base Shear (Vb)= {r}T { Fn} max
MODAL COMBINATION
EXAMPLE
Find Vb from modal combination using SRSS:
Mass matrix [m]:
F1
1
= [ton]
K1 4.0
F2
2
Stiffness matrix [K]:
K2 4.0

= [kN/m]
Vb

Eigen Value [and Fundamental Period [ T ]: Eigen Vector [:

= [rad/sec]2 =

= [rad/sec]2
EXAMPLE

Mode 1 contribution:
L1= = 10x1.0 + 15.0x0.67=20.05

M1= = 10x1.02+ 15x0.672=16.73


MPF1= 1.195
Sa1= 1.255 m/sec.2 (obtained from Response Spectra with T1=0.89 sec.)

= 1.195x1.255= [kN]

Vb(1)= [1 1] = 15.0+15.0=30.0 kN
EXAMPLE
Mode 2 contribution:
L1= = 10x1.0 + 15.0x-1.0=-5.0

M1= = 10x1.02+ 15x-1.02=25.0


MPF1= -0.20
Sa1= 2.55 m/sec.2 (obtained from Response Spectra with T1=0.36 sec.)

= -0.20x2.55= [kN]

Vb(2)= [1 1] = -5.10+7.65 =2.55 kN

Vb = = 30.69 kN (Mode 1 dominant)


CQC COMBINATION
CQC COMBINATION
Design Code (Static Analysis)
Vb = [r] T{F}= [r] T[m]{} Sa(n)
=L Sa(n)
It can be written as:

Sa(n) = (4)

From Eq. above {F} max = [m] {n} Sa(n) (5)


Substitute (4) to (5)

{F} max = [m] {n} (6)


Design Code (Static Analysis)
If {n} is Mode 1 dominant and assumed to be linear triangle then {n} is
proportional to the height of the floor . Eq.(6) can be in the form:

{F} max = [m] {hn} matrix [m] is proportional to the weight of the floor at
the same level then the Eq. becomes:

{F} max = [W] {hn} example for 2 DOF:

= or

F 1= Vb in general form:

Fx= Vb as mentioned in the Code

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