COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
ROORKEE
PRESENTATION
ON
QUALITY CONTROL
SUBMITTED TO:Mr Sarfaraj Alam
Lecturer
Mechanical Deptt.
.
SUBMITTED BY:SACHIN KUMARSACHIN SILMANA
WHAT IS QUALITY
CONTROL?
PROCEDURE
FOLLOWED TO ACHIEVE
& MAINTAIN REQUIRED QUALITY.
IT AIMS IN REDUCING THE DEFECTIVE
ITEMS.
ACTIVITIES INVOLVED-:
Fixing the quality standard.
Measurement of quality(inspection).
Reasons for defect.
Corrective action.
INSPECTION
comparing
the product, material with
the standard fixed.
it discover defect for corrective action
TYPES OF INSPECTION first
piece
Stationary inspection
Centralised inspection
METHODS OF INSPECTION
1-METHOD OF VARIABLE QUALITY IS MEASURED IN TERMS OF
VARIABLE LIKE DIA ,LENGTH, THICKNESS
USING MEASURING INSTRUMENT.
2-METHOD OF ATTRIBUTES EASILY DETERMINE WHETHER THE
PRODUCT IS ACCEPTABLE OR NOT.
EX-GO& NOGO GAUGES.
PROCESS PLANNING
DETERMINATION
OF METHOD BY
WHICH PRODUCT IS TO BE PRODUCED.
CONSIST
OF SELECTING THE MACHINE
& TOOLS REQUIRED FOR CONVERING
THE RAW MATERIAL INTO PRODUCT
STATISTICAL QUALITY
CONTROL
VARIABILTYVARIATIONS
WITHIN LIMITS ARE ACCEPTED AS NO
TWO PRODUCT CAN BE EXACTLY ALIKE.
Variations are due toINACCURACY OF MACHINE , MEASURING
INSTRUMENT.
DEFECTS
FAULTY
IN RAW MATERIALS.
JIGS & FICTURES.
CONTROL CHARTS
1-:
2-:
3-:
4-:
X- CHART
R-CHART
P-CHART
C-CHART
FOR VARIABLE
FOR ATTRIBUTES
1-X-CHART First we need to construct the center line of
the chart. To do this we take multiple
samples and compute their means.
formulas:
Upper control limit (UCL)
Lower control limit (LCL)
where
average of the sample means
z = standard normal variable (2 for 95.44%
confidence, 3 for 99.74% confidence)
standard deviation of the distribution of
sample means, computed as
population (process) standard deviation
sample size (number of observations per
sample)
2-R CHART
Whereas x-bar charts measure shift in the
central tendency of the process, range charts
monitor the dispersion or variability of the
process.
IS OBTAINED FOM TABLE
3-P-CHARTS
A CONTROL CHART THAT MONITORS THE PROPORTION
OF DEFECTS IN A SAMPLE.
standard normal variable
sample proportion defective
standard deviation of the average proportion defective
4-C-CHARTS
C-charts
are used to monitor the number of
defects per unit. Examples are the number of
trucks that exceed their weight limit in a month.
RISKS IN SAMPLINGPRODUCER RISK()
LOT MAY BE GOOD BUT SAMPLE MAY NOT
SHOW IT.
IT RESULT IN LOSS OF PRODUCER.
CONSUMER RISK()-
LOT MAY BE BAD BUT SAMPLE MAY NOT
SHOW IT.
IT RESULT IN LOSS OF CONSUMER.
OPERATING
CHARACTERSTIC CURVE
TOTAL QUALITY
MANAGEMENT
PRINCIPLES
1-TOP MANAGEMENT POLICIES.(ZERO
DEFECT)
2-QUALITY CONTROL TRAINING.
3-QUALITY AT PRODUCT.
4-QUALITY MATERIAL FROM SUPPLIER.
5-QUALITY CONTROL IN PRODUCTION.
6-QUALITY CONTROL ININSTALLATION.
7-ACHIEVING CUSTOMER
SATISFACTION.
ELEMENTS OF TQM
FOCUS
ON CUSTOMER REQUIREMENT.
PREVENTING DEFECTS.
ROOT CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION.
TEAM WORK.
BENCH MARKING.
LEADERSHIP
BENCHMARKING
SYSTEMATIC SEARCH FOR BEST PRACTICES,INNOVATIONS &
HIGHLY EFFECTIVE PROCEDURE FOR PRODUCTION.
COMPETING WITH BEST ORGANISATION.
IT CAN BE APPLIED TO BUSINESS & PRODUCTION PROCESS.
PHASES OF BENCHMARKING
1-PLANNING - IDENTIFY THE PRODUCT TO BENCHMARK
2-ANALYSIS- DETERMINE THE GAP BETWEEN
CURRENT &
BENCHMARKED PERFORMANCE.
3-INTEGRATION-ESTABLISH GOALS AND OBTAIN SUPPORT
OF MANAGERS.
4-ACTION- IMPLEMENT THE PLANS & RECALIBRATE
BENCHMARK AS IMPROVEMENT ARE MADE.
