The physical component
of a computer
The physical equipment
in a computing
environment
Categories of Computer Hardware
InputDevice
Processing Device
Output Device
Storage Device
INPUT DEVICES
Used to enter data into
the computer for
processing
Example of Input Devices
Keyboard Touchpad
Mouse Audio/Voice Input
Trackball Digital Cameras
Joystick and Wheel Video Input
Scanner Biometric Input
Pointing stick
Graphics Tablet
KEYBOARD
This is the standard input device attached to all computer.
It’s like a traditional typewriter of the type QWERTY.
It also contains extra command and function keys.
It contains a total of 101 to 104 keys.
Keyboard are divide into section:
Typewriter Keys: The standard alphabetic and numeric
characters you would find on a typewriter.
Function: Special keys that perform some specific
function for the application being run.
Numeric Keypad: Used for mathematical operation.
Directional keys: Used to move the cursor around the
screen.
MOUSE
A pointer device that rolls around on a flat
surface and controls the location of the pointer
on the screen.
The mouse performs the following function:
Pointing: Placing the on-screen pointer at a specific
place.
Clicking: Pressing and releasing the mouse button
Dragging: Holding down the mouse button and
dragging an object to a new location by
dragging the mouse
Double-Clicking: Pressing and releasing the mouse
button twice very quickly.
Trackball
This is like a mouse turned upside down. You roll a
ball around with your fingers to control the location of
the pointer.
Joystick and wheel
Consist of a metal or plastic handle mounted on
a base that you can move in any direction to
move the pointer or other object.
Pointer Stick
A pressure-sensitive device that
resembles a pencil eraser and can be
found mostly on notebook computer
Graphics Tablet
A flat drawing surface connected to
the computer
Touch Display
Screen that contain picture or shapes
that the user can press to input that
data.
Stylus/ Digital Pen
Used with mobile devices to input data
TouchPad
Used mostly in laptop/notebook
computer
Audio/Voice Input
Inputting sound and/or voice
Scanner
Devices that can convert a graphical image
into a digital image and input it to the
computer.
Digital Cameras
Used to take a pictures and store
them on a magnetic disk instead of
on film
Video Input
Input from a camcorder or VCR using
video capture cards
Biometric Input
Uses fingerprint face, handwriting and
voice for identification
PROCESSING
DEVICES
Organize and process
instructions
Example of Processing Device
SYSTEM UNIT
Also Known as “Lower” or “chassis” is
the main part of a desktop
computer.
It also core of a computer system.
SYSTEM UNIT CONSISTS OF:
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The microprocessor “brain” of the computer.
Motherboard
This is the main circuit board that all of the
other internal components connect to
component of motherboard
Video Card
Is an expansion card that allow the
computer to send graphical information
to a video display device such as
monitor or projector
SYSTEM UNIT CONSISTS OF:
Sound Card
Alternatively referred to as a sound
board or an audio card.
Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
The hard disk is the main, and usually the largest,
permanent data storage device in a computer
SYSTEM UNIT CONSISTS OF:
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Refers to computer chips that temporary store
dynamic data to enhance computer
Optical Disk Drive (ODD)
Is any Storage device that uses light or lasers
to store or retrieve information
OUTPUT DEVICES
Peripheral equipment that
converts a computer’s output to a
form that can be seen, heard, or
used.
It returns processed data to the
user.
Examples of Output Device
Monitor
Audio Devices
Printer
Plotter
Projector
Monitor used to provide a soft copy of computer
output to the users
TYPES OF MONITOR
A. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
A typical monitor usually seen on
desktop
computer; uses phosphorescent
dots to create the pixels that make
up display images; uses a vacuum
tube as a display screen; employs a
similar concept of video
display to that of a television set.
TYPES OF MONITOR
B. Flat-Panel Monitor
A thin, flat lightweight monitor that uses a
liquid Crystal display (LCD) or Plasma
Technology.
Category of Monitor According to Color
• Monochrome Monitor
Display a single color against a solid background
• Gray- scale Monitor
Is a special type of monochrome monitor capable of
displaying different shades of gray.
• Color Monitor
Can display anywhere from 16 to over 1 million different
color; has 3 separate signal- Red, Green and Blue
**The resolution of a monitor indicates how densely
packed the pixel.
Audio Devices
Speakers
A speaker gives you sound output
from your computer.
Headphones
They are similar to speaker;
however they are worn on ears
so only one person can hear
the output at a time.
PRINTER - are used to create a hard copy of a
document or image
TYPES OF PRINTER
• Laser
Produces image using the
same technique as copier
machine
• Ink Jet
Uses fine nozzles to spray
ink onto the page as the
paper passes through
TYPES OF PRINTER
Dot Matrix
Works similar to a typewriter in that ink is
transferred to the paper by some part of the
printer striking a ribbon to transfer an image.
Plotter
Is a computer printing device for printing vector graphics
Projector
A device that projects an image or a video
signal from computer
STORAGE - used to store data/instructions
before and after they are used or
DEVICE processed.
TYPES OF STORAGE UNITS
1. Primary Storage (Main Memory) – Temporary
memory, which the computer has direct access
to like a RAM.
2. Secondary Storage – Permanent memory like
magnetic disk, hard disk, and flash memory.
3. Tertiary Storage – The slowest in term of access
time, e.g. optical storage devices
TYPES OF MEMORY
1. Random Access Memory (RAM) – Used to temporarily
store information that the computer is currently working
with
2. Read-Only Memory – A permanent type of memory
storage used by the computer for important data that
does not change.
3. Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) – A type of ROM that
is used by the computer to establish basic
communication when the computer is first turn on.
4. Caching – The storing of frequently used data in
extremely fast RAM that connects directly to the CPU.
5. Virtual Memory- Space on a hard disk used to
temporarily store data and swap it in and out of RAM as
needed.
Categories of Storage Devices
Magnetic Storage Device
Optical Storage Device
Solid State Storage Device
Magnetic Storage Device
Floppy Disk
Small, portable disk that hold a
limited amount of data
Hard Disk
Large- capacity and fast-access
storage devices
Zip Disk
Auxiliary storage devices that can
hold large quantities of data and can
be portable
Magnetic Tape Drive
Used for making system backups and
storing large quantities of data
OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICE
CD -DA
Audio CD
CD-R
This drive allows you to read and
write to a compact disk
CD-ROM
Can hold large amount of data, but is
read-only access.
CD-RW
Can be written on several times
SOLID STATE STORAGE MEDIA
NON-VOLATILE REMOVABLE MEDIA
Miniature, Mobile Media
- Uses integrated circuits
USB flash Drive
- Connects to the
computer via a USB
port
FOOD
FOR
THOUGHT
Thank you for Listening.
