“WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS”
Content
• Introduction
s
• Architecture of WSN
• WSN Node
• Architecture of sensor node
• WSN vs MANET
• Characteristics
• Applications
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Future
• References
• Conclusion
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Introduction
• A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network
consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices
using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or
environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound,
vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants, at different
locations.
• A collection of sensing devices that can communicate
wirelessly.
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Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN)
• Even though wireless sensors has limited resources
in memory, computation power, bandwidth, and
energy.
• With small physical size. It Can be embedded in the
physical environment.
• Self-organizing multi-hop ad-doc networks
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Wireless Sensor Network Architecture
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Architecture for a WSN
Special addressing requirement
• Local unique addresses
• Data-centric
• Example: Each node has an unique number.
Attribute-based naming architecture
• Data is named by one or more attributes.
• Example: Each node is distinguished by an
attribute – GPS sensors are practical for this.
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Wireless Sensor Node
• sensor
– A transducer
– converts physical phenomenon e.g. heat, light, motion, vibration, and
sound into electrical signals
• sensor node
– basic unit in sensor network
– contains on-board sensors, processor, memory,
transceiver, and power supply
• sensor network
– consists of a large number of sensor nodes
– nodes deployed either inside or very close to the sensed
phenomenon
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Architecture of Sensor Node
Transceiver
Sensor 1
Power Source
Micro-Controller ADC
Sensor 2
External Memory
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Characteristics
• Power consumption constraints for nodes using
batteries or energy harvesting
• Ability to cope with node failures (resilience)
• Mobility of nodes
• Heterogeneity of nodes
• Scalability to large scale of deployment
• Ability to withstand harsh environmental
conditions
• Ease of use
• Cross-layer design
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Factors Influencing WSN Design
• Fault tolerance
• Scalability
• Production costs
• Hardware constraints
• Sensor network topology
• Environment
• Transmission media
• Power Consumption
– Sensing
– Communication
– Data processing
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Applications
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Advantages
It avoids a lot of wiring .
It can accommodate new devices at any
time .
It's flexible to go through physical
partitions .
It can be accessed through a centralized
monitor
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Disadvantages
Lower speed compared to wired network.
Less secure because hacker's laptop can act as
Access Point. If you connected to their laptop, they'll
read all your information (username, password.. etc).
More complex to configure than wired network.
Gets distracted by various elements like Blue-tooth .
Still Costly at large.
It does not make sensing quantities in buildings easier.
It does not reduce costs for installation of sensors.
It does not allow us to do more than can be done with
a wired system
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Thank you!
