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Groundnut Cultivation: by Ayush Kumar Chaturvedi Roll No. - 201911201120020

Groundnut or peanut is an important oilseed crop grown mainly in India, China, and Nigeria. It grows well in warm, well-draining sandy loam soils with a pH of 6.0-6.5 and requires a well prepared seedbed. Common varieties grown in India include Kadiri, BG, Kuber, and GAUG. The crop is planted during the kharif season from June to October and requires irrigation during flowering, pegging, and pod development stages. Pests like thrips and diseases like stem rot and leaf spots affect yield, which averages 2500-2700 kg per hectare with proper cultivation practices.

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97 views14 pages

Groundnut Cultivation: by Ayush Kumar Chaturvedi Roll No. - 201911201120020

Groundnut or peanut is an important oilseed crop grown mainly in India, China, and Nigeria. It grows well in warm, well-draining sandy loam soils with a pH of 6.0-6.5 and requires a well prepared seedbed. Common varieties grown in India include Kadiri, BG, Kuber, and GAUG. The crop is planted during the kharif season from June to October and requires irrigation during flowering, pegging, and pod development stages. Pests like thrips and diseases like stem rot and leaf spots affect yield, which averages 2500-2700 kg per hectare with proper cultivation practices.

Uploaded by

MEHUL MINA
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Groundnut Cultivation

By Ayush Kumar chaturvedi


Roll no. -201911201120020
Description
• groundnut is one of the most
important oilseed crops
• The main groundnut growing states
are Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Andhra
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka,
and Rajasthan.
• Botanical name :-Arachishypogaea
which is derived from Greek word
Arachis means legume.
• It is also known as peanut, monkey
nut or moongfali.
Description
Climate and Soil
• Groundnut grows well in warm and
well distributed rainy areas
• Groundnut thrives best in well-
drained sandy loam soils, as light soil
helps in easy penetration of pegs and
their development and their
harvesting.
• Groundnuts give good yields in soils
with pH between 6.0-6.5.
Seedbed Preparation
• Plough the land 2 to 3 times at
optimum soil moisture to secure good
surface tilth to a depth of 15 cm.
Follow planking after each ploughing
to conserve moisture. Use improved
plough (MB plough/bose or rocket
plough) and power tiller with
rotavator or tractor with cultivator for
good seed bed preparation.
Seedbed Preparation
Varieties

Indian groundnuts are available in


different varieties: Bold or Runner, Java
or Spanish and Red Natal. The main
Groundnut varieties produced in India
are Kadiri-2, Kadiri-3, BG-1, BG-2,
Kuber , GAUG-1, GAUG-10, PG-1 , T-
28, T-64, Chandra, Chitra, Kaushal,
Parkash, Amber etc.
Sowing Time
• There are two peanut growing
seasons in India: kharif and rabi.
• The kharif season accounts for
about 85 percent of the total.
• The kharif crop is typically planted
in late June and harvested in late
October, and grown primarily in
Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and
Maharashtra.
Seed Rate

• 100-110 kg seed/ha with 30x10 and


a plant population of 3.33 lakh per ha
for bunch type groundnut varieties
IRRIGATION

• Sowing or pre-sowing. Life


irrigation, 4 - 5 days after
sowing 20 days after sowing. At
flowering give two irrigations. At
pegging stage give one or two
irrigations. In pod development
stage, 2 -3 irrigations depending
on the soil type.
Pests and Diseases
• This crop is attacked by about 100
different insect-pests viz., leafminer,
tobacco caterpillar, gram pod borer,
thrips, aphids, leathoppers, white grub
and termite etc. and by more than 50
diseases viz., stem rot, collar rot, leaf
spots, rust and bud necrosis virus etc.

stem rot leaf spots


Harvesting
mostly harvested by pulling out the plants
with manual labor in India (Fig.). Usually 12
to 14 laborers can harvest one-hectare area
of groundnut crop in one day. The spreading
or semi -spreading (Fig.) groundnut types
produce pods all along the running stem
Yield

Yields of groundnut vary from about


400 kg to several tonnes per hectare,
depending on the production system,
but on the average, the global yield
is 2500–2700 kg per hectare [30].
THANK YOU

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