WELCOME TO

ENGLISH CLASS

By
FEBRIANA INDRA DEWI, SS
 KI 3: Memahami, menerapkan, dan menganalisis pengetahuan
faktual, konseptual, prosedural, dan metakognitif berdasarkan
rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni,
budaya, dan humaniora dengan wawasan kemanusiaan,
kebangsaan, kenegaraan, dan peradaban terkait penyebab
fenomena dan kejadian, serta menerapkan pengetahuan
prosedural pada bidang kajian yang spesifik sesuai dengan bakat
dan minatnya untuk memecahkan masalah.

KI

KI4: Mengolah, menalar, dan menyaji dalam ranah konkret dan

ranah abstrak terkait dengan pengembangan dari yang
dipelajarinya di sekolah secara mandiri, bertindak secara efektif
dan kreatif, serta mampu menggunakan metode sesuai kaidah
keilmuan
 KD 3.8 Membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan beberapa teks explanation lisan dan tulis dengan
memberi dan meminta informasi terkait gejala alam atau sosial
yang tercakup dalam mata pelajaran lain di kelas XI, sesuai
dengan konteks penggunaannya
 

KD

KD 4.8 Menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi

sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks explanation
lisan dan tulis, terkait gejala alam atau sosial yang tercakup
dalam mata pelajaran lain di kelas XI
WHAT IS EXPLANATION
TEXT?
 Explanation is a text which tells
processes relating to forming of natural,
DEFINITION social, scientific and cultural phenomena.
OF Explanation text is to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of
EXPLANATI the forming of the phenomena. It is often
ON TEXT found in science, geography and history text
books.

– General statement
General statement; stating the phenomenon
Generic issues which are to be explained.
Structure of
Explanation – Sequenced of explanation
Text Sequenced explanation; stating a series of
steps which explain the phenomena.
 
 – Explanation is a text
which tells processes
relating to forming of
natural, social, scientific,
and cultural phenomena.
The Purpose
of
Explanation
Text

To explain how or why

something happens.
 1. Focusing generic participant -> an object or phenomenon
which is being discussed, such as; rain, chocolate, etc. 

2. Using present tense -> This kind of text mostly applies present
tense for its sentences, such as; "rain is the primary source of
fresh water for most areas of the world, ......."; Chocolate starts
from a tree called cacao tree, and etc. 
Language 3. Using chronological connectors -> The text applies
Features chronological connectors / chronological connections /
of connectives, such as; first, second, third, then, after, after that,
Explanation finally, so, as a consequence, and etc. 
Text
4. Using passive voice -> The text sometimes applies passive
form, such as; "... the beans are fermented for about a week, dried
under the sun, and shipped to the chocolate maker...".   

5. Using noun, pronoun, verb, and etc. -> Like so many other text,
explanation text absolutely applies a lot of nouns, pronouns
(subject pronoun, object pronoun, possessive pronoun,
demonstrative pronoun), action verb, and etc. 
Example of Explanation Text about Process of
Making Chocolate
• Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time
we will enter the amazing world of chocolate so we can
understand exactly we are eating.

• Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in

equatorial regions, especially in place such as South America,
Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the
size of a small pine apple. In side the fruits are the tree’s seeds.
They are also known as coco beans.
• Next, the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun. After
that they are shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker
starts processing by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour.
Different beans from different places have different qualities and
flavour. So they are often shorted and blended to produce a distinctive
mix.
 
• The next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed
to remove the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the
nibs are blended. The blended nibs are grounded to make it liquid.
The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter.
• All seeds contain some amount of fat and cacao beans are not
different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why
they ground nibs from liquid. It is pure bitter chocolate.
The above example of explanation text
has the following generic structure:

General it is a statement which says about chocolate

statement; and how it is formed

it is a series of explanation on how

chocolate is formed before we eat. First, the
chocolate is coming from the cacao tree.
Sequenced
Then it is fermented and ship to the
explanation;
chocolate producer. The cacao bean then are
roasted and winnowed.
 
Example of Explanation Text about
Natural Phenomenon
How does Rain Happen?
 In a continuous cycle, water goes from sea to sky and back to
earth in order to support all life. The hydrologic cycle (also
known as the water cycle) is an unending circle of precipitation
forming, absorbing, and creating multiple forms. This cycle is
vital for all life forms on earth.
 The cycle starts with the sunrays which heat up the water and the
land. Then, the water turns into a gas called vapour and rises. After
that, the vapour expands and cools forming clouds. As the clouds get
bigger, they become too heavy and fall to the ground as rain. Next, the
rainwater flows through the ground to the rivers. At last, the rivers
carry the water back to the ocean and the life cycle starts over.

 The water cycle never sleeps. It provides the whole world with water
that is very needed in daily lives.
 Note on the Generic Structure of
Explanation Sample.
• Every genre has its special purpose or social function.
However if we see the generic structure point, we will get the
understanding which both the explanation and procedure text
have similar purposes. Both explain how to make or form
something. However the procedure text will explain how to
form or make something completely by instruction way. That
is why most of procedure text is composed in command
sentences. In the other hand, explanation text will show a
knowledge about how thing is formed.
To see the differences between explanation and
procedure, we have to analyze the dominant language
feature and how the texts are used.

Procedure, this text type is commonly called as

instruction text. It uses pattern of commend in
building the structure. It use the “to infinitive verb”
which is omitted the “to”. It is a kind of instruction text
which uses full commend verb. Procedure is commonly
used to describe how to make something which is close
to our daily activity. For example how to make a cup of
tea, how to make a good kite, etc is the best example of
the procedure text. It is such word; first boil water,
secondly prepare the cup, and so on.
Explanation, it is commonly used the passive voice
in building the text. Explanation is such a scientific
written material. It describes how certain
phenomenon or event happen. How a tornado form,
how tsunami works are the best example of
explanation text. It uses passive pattern in
describing the topic.
 EXERCISES
 Read the text carefully and answer the questions !

 The water cycle is the never-ending movement of the earth’s water.

Water goes from the ocean to the air to the land and back to the oceans
again. For that reason, its movements is called a cycle.
 This cycle begins when heat from the sun turns ocean water into water
vapour. Water vapour is water that has become a gas. The water vapour
rises high into the sky, where it cools off. The cooled water vapour
changes into tiny drops of water. The drops are held up in the sky by
rising warm air. When billions of these drops of water cluster together
they form a cloud. The water in the clouds eventually falls to earth as
rain. If the water vapour is cold enough, it turns into ice an falls as
snow. Most rain and snow falls into the ocean, but some falls on land. In
time, this water also flows back to the ocean and the cycle starts again.

 Taken from The World Book Student Discovery

 Encyclopedia, 2006
1. What is the water cycle?
2. Why is the movement of water called a cycle?
3. When does the cycle begin?
4. What is water vapor?
5. Where does the water vapour cool off?
6. What does the cooled water change into?
7. What makes the drops be held up in the sky?
8. How is a cloud formed?
9. How does the water in the clouds fall to Earth?
10. Where does most rain and snow fall?