Seminar on
SEARCH ENGINE
HISTORY AND
ALGORITHM
Arijit Roy
B.Tech, 6th Semester
Enrolment No: 0810407
Department of CSE
Abstract:
Search engines
Types of search engine
How they work
Algorithms used
Pros and cons
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search engine history and algorithm
What are Search Engines?
A program that searches documents for
specified keywords and returns a list of the documents
where the keywords were found.
A web search engine is designed to search for
information on the World Wide Web and FTP servers.
The search results are generally presented in a list of
results and are often called hits. The information may
consist of web pages, images, information and other
types of files.
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Search engines look through their own databases of
information in order to find what it is that you are looking
for.
“Search engine” is the popular term for an Information
Retrieval (IR) system.
Search Engine is really a general class of programs, the term
is often used to specifically describe systems like Google, Alta
Vista and Excite that enable users to search for documents on
the World Wide Web and USENET newsgroups.
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Looking back:
1970 ARPANET published first.
1984 DNS (Domain Name Server) introduced.
1990 First tool for search engine, ARCHIE developed by Alan Emtage
1993 With the rise of Gopher, two new search programs, Veronica and
Jughead were developed.
1994 First full-text crawl based search engine web crawler.
1998 Google and MSN launched
2000 Yahoo was providing search services based on Inktomi's search
engine.
2009 Microsoft's rebranded search engine, Bing, was launched.
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TYPES OF SEARCH ENGINE
Crawler-Based Search Engines
Human-Powered Directories
Hybrid Search Engines" Or Mixed Results
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Web crawler architectures
Web crawlers are a central part of search engines, and details on
their algorithms and architecture are kept as
business secrets.
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Search Engine Technology:
Human powered directories:
Submit your website if you are to be included
Select an appropriate category for your website to be
potentially listed under.
Submit a short description to the directory for your
website.
A search looks for matches only in the descriptions
submitted.
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Search Engine Algorithms:
Search algorithm is an algorithm for finding an item with
specified properties among a collection of items.
Search engine algorithms are some of the most tightly kept
secrets in the world.
Search engines change their algorithms many times each
month to fight off "spam.“
If people knew the exact algorithm then they could
manipulate rankings as they please until the search
results became so irrelevant that the search engine
became junk.
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How Search Engines Actually work??
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Thus, Search Engine has…
A document processor
A query processor
A search and matching function
A ranking capability
Summarizing and Presenting documents.
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How are Queries resolved… an Example
Consider ( cat hat mat )
Select a word from query ( “cat” )
Retrieve the list for the word cat
Process
the list and for each document add weights to the
accumulator based on TF,ITF, doc length.
Find the best ranked document and look up the mapping table.
Retrieve and Summarize the docs.
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Why Search Engines…. The advantages
Variety:
An Internet search can generate a variety of sources for information.
This variety allows anyone searching for information to choose the types
of sources they would like to use, or to use a variety of sources to gain a
greater understanding of a subject.
Precision:
Search engines do have the ability to provide refined or more
precise results. Putting quotations marks around a set of words
will bring up results with the exact same words, excluding others.
Organization:
Search engines aid in organizing the vast amount of information
that can sometimes be scattered in various places on the same web
page into an organized list that can be used more easily.
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Why not…. The disadvantages
You get lazy and dependent on net.
You get even what you should not get.
Easy access to the so called bad or restricted stuffs.
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In fine:
Search engine plays important role in accessing the content
over the internet, it fetches the pages requested by the user.
Itmade the internet and accessing the information just a
click away.
The need for better search engines only increases.
Thesearch engine sites are among the most popular
websites.
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Future
Voice Command Search.
Graphical Search Result.
Scopes in this field are getting higher and
higher by the passing days.
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