Module II
Verification & Validation Limitations
What is Quality?
What is Assurance?
Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance is also known as QA Testing. QA is defined as an
activity to ensure that an organization is providing the best product or
service to the customers.
Quality Attribute of a software
• Functionality
• Reliability
• Usability
• Efficiency
• Maintainability
• portability
Software Quality Assurance components
• Pre-Project components
• Components of project life cycle activities assessment
• Components of infrastructure error prevention and improvement
• Components of software quality management
• Components of standardization, certification and SQA system
assessment
• Organizing for SQA – the human components
How to do Quality Assurance?
Quality Control
Quality Control popularly abbreviated as QC is a software engineering
process used to ensure quality in a product. It does not deal with the
processed used to create a product. Instead, it examines the quality of
the end product and the outcome.
QA VS QC
r. No. Quality Assurance Quality Control
1. Quality Assurance prevents defects. Quality Control provides identification of
defects.
2. Quality Assurance is process oriented. Quality control is product oriented.
3. Quality Assurance is proactive in the Quality Control is a reactive.
process and protective.
4. Quality Assurance is a managerial tool. Quality Control is a corrective tool.
5. Each developer is responsible for Quality The testing team is responsible for Quality
Assurance. Control.
6. Verification is an example of QA. Validation is an example of QC.
7. The focus of QA is to prevent defects in the The focus of QC is to identify deficiencies in the
developing software by paying attention to developed software by paying attention to
processes. testing processes.
Difference between SQA and Software
Testing
Sr. No. Software Quality Assurance Software Testing
1. Software Quality Assurance is about Software Testing is to test a product for problems
engineering process that ensures quality. before the product goes live.
2. It involves activities related to the It involves operation concerning verification of
implementation of processes, procedures product Example: Review Testing.
and standard Example: Audit Training.
3. Software Quality Assurance is Process Software testing is product focused.
focused.
4. Software Quality Assurance used Software testing used the corrective technique.
preventive technique.
5. Software Quality Assurance is based on a Software testing is a reactive measure.
proactive measure.
6. The software quality assurance applied The scope of software testing applies to a
to all the products that will be created by particular product being tested.
the organization.
V & V Limitations
• Theoretical Foundations
• Impracticality of Testing All data
• Impracticality of Testing All Paths
• No Absolute Proof of correctness