LOAD SHARING of

SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR
Presented By
Salma Akter

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 CONTENTS
Synchronous generator

Load sharing

Power triangle of load sharing

Conditions of parallel operation and load sharing

General Procedure for Paralleling Generators

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 CONTENTS(Cont.)

 The three lamp method for synchronizing

Advantages of load sharing

Application of load sharing

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 Synchronous Generator

The synchronous generator is also known as an alternator, it converts the

mechanical power into the electrical.

Figure 1: Synchronous Generator

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 Load Sharing

load sharing is the proportional division of active power and reactive power
between generator sets.

Parallel operation and load sharing are closely related. A system of generator
sets cannot achieve parallel operation without load sharing of alternators.

Sharing load is required to reduce the risk of overloading an alternator and this
will be creating an unstable energy flow. This instability can damage the
generator sets or power grid.

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Power Triangle of Load Sharing

Figure 2: Power Triangle Curve

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Conditions of Parallel Operation and Load
Sharing

 The r.m.s line voltages of the two generators must be equal.

 The two generators must have the same phase sequence.
 The phase angles of the two a phases must be equal.
 The frequency of the new generator, called the oncoming generator,
must be slightly higher than the frequency of the running system.

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General Procedure for Paralleling
Generators

Figure 3: General Procedure for Paralleling Generators

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 General Procedure for Paralleling
Generators (cont.)
The method of connecting an incoming alternator safely to the live busbars or
running generator is called synchronizing.

 The magnitude of the voltage of the incoming alternator can be adjusted by

changing its field excitation.
 The frequency of the incoming alternator can be changed by adjusting the speed
of the prime mover driving the alternator.
 The phase sequence of the alternator and the busbars can be checked by a phase
sequence indicator.

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 General Procedure for Paralleling
Generators (cont.)

Differences in frequency and phase of the voltages of the

incoming alternator and busbars can be checked by one of the
following two methods:
(i) By Three Lamp method
(ii)By synchroscope

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The Three Lamp method for
Synchronizing

Figure 4: The Three Lamp method

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 Advantages of Load Sharing
Parallel operation and load sharing offer a range of benefits to anyone who uses them.
Some advantages include:
Reliability: With multiple alternators in a network, there will always be at least one
generator set supporting a load. If an alternator fails at any point, the load will shift to the
other generators in the system. Load sharing also makes it easier to handle generator
maintenance without shutting down an entire operation.

Cost: The cost to generate power increases for larger capacity generators. Using a
network of smaller generators means spending less money upfront and paying less to
generate power over time. With multiple alternators, operators can determine the best load
balance for the least amount of fuel. This capability isn’t available for a single large
capacity generator.
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 Advantages of Load Sharing (Cont.)

Flexibility: Load requirements change over time depending on your processes. You

might end up paying for a large generator and never reach its full capacity, or trusting a
small generator and finding it doesn’t meet your load requirements. With multiple
generators, you can adjust the load throughout the day based on the number of
alternators you use.

Efficiency: A generator runs most efficiently when the load is between 75% and 100%.
If you count on a single generator, you’ll likely sacrifice efficiency during periods of
low load requirements. Balance the load between the preferred number of generators at
a given time and maintain efficiency around the clock.

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 Application of Load Sharing

With the many benefits of load sharing, several operations rely on it to keep equipment up and running. Load
sharing is advantageous when load demands are frequently changing and ongoing power is critical.
Applications include:

 Data Centers: These operations handle high volumes of data. If they lose power, they risk losing
valuable information for clients and other large-scale operations. Load sharing recognizes the high load
requirements and offers a layer of security in case a generator fails.

 Power plants: In these facilities, power requirements shift throughout the day, and entire communities
may rely on them for energy. Load sharing meets these needs.

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 Construction Site: In construction, workers rely on a wide range of equipment to get the job done.
Equipment can consist of lights, drills, air compressors and more. Load requirements shift throughout
the day depending on the work being done, and with tight schedules, staying efficient is essential.
 Grow Operation: The growing cannabis industry requires extensive light setups on rotating
schedules. Load sharing can recognize the changing power demands to keep cannabis crops alive and
healthy.
 Health care and Facilities: While hospitals and other care facilities may have high load requirements,
their priority is backup power. If these operations lose electricity at any time, especially during natural
disasters, they can’t provide the quality care their patients need.
 Telecommunications: Much like health care facilities, telecommunication operations need to remain
up and running to keep people connected during emergencies. With load sharing, telecom buildings
can be prepared for unexpected outages.

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Thank You

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