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Group4 - Greek Civilization

The ancient Greeks made significant contributions to science and technology in many fields including biology, botany, zoology, earth science, astronomy, and public works. Greek biologists like Hippocrates and Aristotle developed early concepts of natural selection and adaptation. Aristotle and his student Theophrastus laid the foundations of botany by classifying and naming many plants. Aristotle's meticulous observations and dissections advanced the understanding of zoology. Greek scientists also studied astronomy, seeking to understand the heavens. They discovered the Earth's round shape and proposed early theories of its formation. The Greeks also influenced public works through urban planning and innovations like Archimedes' screw and aqueducts, improving water supply systems.

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309 views10 pages

Group4 - Greek Civilization

The ancient Greeks made significant contributions to science and technology in many fields including biology, botany, zoology, earth science, astronomy, and public works. Greek biologists like Hippocrates and Aristotle developed early concepts of natural selection and adaptation. Aristotle and his student Theophrastus laid the foundations of botany by classifying and naming many plants. Aristotle's meticulous observations and dissections advanced the understanding of zoology. Greek scientists also studied astronomy, seeking to understand the heavens. They discovered the Earth's round shape and proposed early theories of its formation. The Greeks also influenced public works through urban planning and innovations like Archimedes' screw and aqueducts, improving water supply systems.

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XHYRICH ISLETA
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Ancient

Greek CIVILIZATION
AN D THE IR CO NTR IBU TIO NS TO SC IEN CE AN D
TEC HN OL OGY
B y: G ro up 4
Introduction
• Science in Ancient Greece: Logic, mathematics,
technology, and everyday life.
• Exploration of the world, heavens, and self.
• Their notable contributions in various fields,
includes:
⚬ biology, botany, zoology, earth science,
astronomy, and public works.
Biology
• Notable Greek biologists like Hippocrates, Aristotle,
Theophrastus, Dioscorides, Pliny, and Galen made
significant contributions.
• Concepts like natural selection and adaptation were
pondered, with Anaximander, Empedocles, and Aristotle
offering different perspectives.
• Aristotle's belief in purpose within nature and the
harmony of natural selection.
• Natural selection: "Survival of the fittest", adaptation,
genetic variations.
• Fossil evidence supporting evolutionary ideas.
Botany
• Aristotle and his student Theophrastus laid the
foundation for the study of botany, classifying and
naming many plants.
⚬ Theophrastus became the father of botany.
• Botany's importance in understanding plant life's role
in food production sparked their curiosity..
Zoology
• Aristotle's meticulous observations and dissections led to
advancements in zoological understanding.
• Greek zoologists studied anatomy, functions, and
classification of various animals such as:
⚬ Accurate observations on marine invertebrate
anatomy.
⚬ Dissection as a method for studying structures and
functions.
⚬ Attempted classification of organisms.
Astronomy
• Greek scientists sought to understand the
heavens and the world around them.
• Discoveries like the Earth's round shape were
made through observations of the sky, sun,
moon, and planets
Earth
• Greek philosophers proposed theories about

Science
Earth's form and origin, with Eratosthenes
accurately measuring the Earth's diameter.
• The fascination with natural phenomena like
volcanoes and earthquakes led to unique
explanations.
• Earth science's impact on locating resources,
understanding evolution, and shaping our
understanding of the Earth's history.
Public Water
Works
• Greek public works influenced the economy, sanitation, and city
planning.
• Hippodamus of Miletus introduced a systematic approach to urban
planning.
• Contributions of Archimedes, Hero, and Eupalinus:
⚬ Archimedes' Screw for elevating water.
⚬ Aqueducts and bridges improved water supply systems built by A
Greek engineer, Eupalinus of Megara.
⚬ Hero, also a Greek engineer, modernized water transportation
with the siphon principle.
Conclusi
• The ancient Greeks' contributions in science and technology laid the groundwork for future

on
advancements.
• Their logical thinking, observations, and innovations continue to shape our understanding
of the world around us

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