CS457 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Lecture Series 1
Introduction
Applications
https://m-wasim.wixsite.com/m-wasim DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY DR. M. WASIM 1
COURSE BOOKS AND
REFERENCES
Ref. Books: Course Text Book:
1) Raster-stereography Based “Digital Image
Partial Face Recognition Processing”, Rafael
M. Wasim, Lambert (Germany) C. Gonzalez &
&
2) Advanced Methodologies and Richard E. Woods,
Technologies in Artificial Addison-Wesley, 3rd
Intelligence, Computer Simulation, edition
and Human-Computer Interaction
M. Wasim, IGI Global (USA)
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY M. WASIM & SYED FAISAL ALI 2
INTRODUCTION Pixel
Screen
Image
Analog Digital
Capture Image Analog Gray Colo Binary RGB -> Millions of colors
r
(0-255) R: (0-255) (0 or 255)
Process Digital G: (0-255)
B: (0-255)
Sampling
Display Analog
Quantization
input output
Computer Image Computer
3D Graphics 2D Processin 2D Vision 3D
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DIGITIZATION
A sampling process is the process to sample an analog signal at a
certain period of time called the sampling interval.
A quantization process is the process to round up the values of
the discrete-time signal to a finite set of possible values.
Thus, the quantization process will convert a DT continuous-
valued signal into a DT discrete-valued (digital) signal.
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SAMPLING & QUANTIZATION
X(t)
x(t)
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DIGITIZATION
A process to convert analog signals to encoded digital signal is
called digitization
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SPATIAL RESOLUTION
Spatial Resolution
No. of Pixel No. of Bits
Each pixel typically consists of 8 bits (1 byte) for a Black and White
(B&W) image or 24 bits (3 bytes) for a color image-- one byte each for
Red, Green, and Blue.
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INTRODUCTION: IMAGING [Albrecht Dürer, 1525]
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DIGITAL IMAGES & PIXELS
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WHY DO WE PROCESS IMAGES?
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IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
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IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
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IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
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IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY DR. M. WASIM 14
IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
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IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY DR. M. WASIM 16
IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
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IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
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IMAGE PROCESSING
EXAMPLES
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IMAGE PROCESSING RELATED
FIELD
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BIOMETRIC SYSTEM
Biometric
Physiological Behavioral
Facial Signature- Keystroke-
Finger-scan Iris-scan Retina-scan Hand-scan Voice-scan
Recognition scan scan
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY DR. M. WASIM 29
KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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KEY STAGES IN DIGITAL
IMAGE PROCESSING
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COLOR COMPONENTS
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IMAGE PROCESSING TOOL BOX
Types of Images
1)Gray Scale Gray Scale
2)Binary
3)Color (RGB)
Gray Scale (2D)
4)Indexed Color
Data Types
The most common data types of the individual Red
pixels are Green
1)Uint8 Blue
2)Unsign Integer (data range 0 …… 255)
3)Double (double precision)
Color (3D)
4)Float (data range 0.0 …… 1.0
5)Binary (data range 0.0 & 1.0 only)
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DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY DR. M. WASIM 33
IMAGE PROCESSING TOOL BOX
fabric = imread('fabric.png');
figure(1), imshow(fabric), title('fabric');
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,2)), title('red objects');
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,3)), title('green objects');
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IMAGE PROCESSING TOOL BOX
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,4)), title('purple objects');
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,5)), title('magenta objects');
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,6)), title('yellow objects');
Reference: https://www.mathworks.com/help/imaq/color-
based-segmentation-of-fabric-using-the-l-a-b-color-
space.html DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY DR. M. WASIM 35
IMAGE PROCESSING TOOL BOX
figure()
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,1)), title('red objects');
figure()
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,2)), title('green objects');
figure()
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,3)), title('blue objects');
figure()
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,4)), title('magenta objects');
figure()
imshow(segmented_images(:,:,:,5)), title('cyan objects');
A = segmented_images(:,:,:,1);
B = segmented_images(:,:,:,2);
C = segmented_images(:,:,:,3);
D = segmented_images(:,:,:,4);
E = segmented_images(:,:,:,5);
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IMAGE PROCESSING TOOL BOX
>> a=imread (‘cameraman.tif’); >> colormap (spring)
>> imshow (a)
>> figure () % create blank image Color
>> subplot(2 2 1); SPRING
>> imshow (a) >> impixelinfo
>> b=imread (‘circles.tif’);
>> subplot(2 2 4); (x,y)
>> imshow (b) right click & copy
>> imfinfo (‘cameraman.tif’) >> right click & paste ….. Returns intensity of pixel
>> imfinfo (‘circles.tif’)
>> size (a) %rxc >> img1=uint8(zeros (512, 1024));
>> a(100, 200) % pixel intensity value >> imshow (img1)
>> colormap (jet)
>> img2=uint8(255 * (512, 1024));
>> imshow (img2)
Color JET
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WEEKLY ASSIGNMENT
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MID TERM EXAM (PROPOSED)
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COURSE PROJECT
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POSTER TEMPLATE
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