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Probab. Distribution

The document discusses probability distributions of discrete random variables. It provides: 1) Four objectives for learning about probability distributions, including defining them and constructing them. 2) An example of picking bills and defining random variables for the number of hundred-peso and twenty-peso bills picked. 3) The four steps to construct a discrete probability distribution: list the sample space, assign values to outcomes, construct a frequency distribution, and calculate probabilities. The document provides examples of constructing probability distributions and evaluating if a distribution represents a valid probability distribution. It concludes with an assignment on probability of picking bills.

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Rhea Mae Olatan
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35 views16 pages

Probab. Distribution

The document discusses probability distributions of discrete random variables. It provides: 1) Four objectives for learning about probability distributions, including defining them and constructing them. 2) An example of picking bills and defining random variables for the number of hundred-peso and twenty-peso bills picked. 3) The four steps to construct a discrete probability distribution: list the sample space, assign values to outcomes, construct a frequency distribution, and calculate probabilities. The document provides examples of constructing probability distributions and evaluating if a distribution represents a valid probability distribution. It concludes with an assignment on probability of picking bills.

Uploaded by

Rhea Mae Olatan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Good morning, class!

PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION OF
DISCRETE RANDOM
VARIABLE
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, learners are able to:
define the probability familiarize themselves with
a.
distribution of discrete
b.
the steps of constructing
random variable. probability distribution.

appreciate the importance construct the probability


c. of probability distribution d. distribution of discrete random
related to real-life variable.
situation; and
Supposed three bills are
picked. Let X be the random
variable representing the
number of Hundred-peso
bills, and Y for the twenty-
peso bills.
Possible Value of random variable (X)
Outcomes
XXX 3
XXY 2
XYX 2
XYY 1
YXX 2
YXY 1
YYX 1
YYY 0
If three bills are picked one
after the other, what are the
possible values of the random
variable H representing the
number of hundreds peso
bills?
4 Steps in Constructing a Discrete Probability Distribution

1. List the sample space of the experiment.

2. Count the number of hundred peso


bills (H) in each outcome and assign
this number to this outcome.

3. Construct the frequency distribution of the


values of the random variable

4. Construct the probability distribution of the


random variable by getting the probability of
occurrence of each value of the random variable.
Properties of Probability
Distribution

• The sum of all probabilities


must equal 1.

• Each individual probability


must be between 0 and 1
(inclusive).
Probability Distribution of a
Discrete Random Variable
If X is a discrete random variable with
discrete values x1, x2, … , xn, … then the
probability function is P(x) = pX(x). The
distribution function is

FX(x) = P(X ≤ xi) = ∑I p(xi) = pi

If x = xi and is 0 for other values of x.


Here, I = 1, 2, … , n, …
Example:

A couple plans to have three children. If


the random variable (G) is the number of
girls and (B) for boys. What are the
possible outcomes, value of the random
variables (G), no. of girl (G), number of
occurrence (G), and probability P(G)?
Value of random
Possible
variable (G)
outcomes
GBB 1
GBG 2
GGB 2
GGG 3
BBB 0
BBG 1
BGB 1
No. of Number of Probability,
Girls (G) occurrence P(G)
(R)

0 1/8 12.5%
1 3/8 37.5%
2 3/8 37.5%
3 1/8 12.5%
Application:
Ask each member to give the number of siblings that they
have. Let S be the number of siblings.

a. Construct the probability distribution of


the random variable S.
Evaluation:
Determine whether or not the distribution represents a probability distribution. If it
does not, explain why.

1. ______________ 4. ______________
Y2468 H2468
P(Y) ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ P(H) 0.25 0.40 0.20 0.15

2. ______________ 5. ______________
X0135 G 5 10 15 20
P(X) 1/3 1/6 1/3 ¼ P(G) 0.25 0.20 0.20 0.35

3. ______________
Z4789
P(Z) 1/5 1/5 2/5 1/5
Assignment:

In the box, there are two one-thousand-peso bills, three five-


hundred-peso bills, and three one-hundred-peso bills. What is
the probability that you would pick up two one-thousand-peso
bills in two tries? Find the random variable if (X) is the number
of one-thousand-peso bill, (Y) for five-hundred-peso bill, and
(Z) for one-hundred-peso bill. Determine the possible outcomes,
the value of the random variables (X), the number of one-
thousand-peso bill (X), the number of occurrences (X), and the
probability P(X)?
Thank you for listening!

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