UNIT-2

SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE
(SAAS)

By: Niral Jadav

EVOLUTION OF SAAS
 In 1999, Salesforce launched their customer relationship
management (CRM) platform as the first SaaS solution built
from scratch to achieve record growth.
 In India, the evolution of SaaS happened in the years 2012 to
2014.
 It is the time when Indian businesses realized how their
competitors are leveraging SaaS and optimizing the scale.
 Some examples of, Indian SaaS companies are Zoho,
Freshworks, Agile CRM, etc. The scope of any service depends
on where we live.
CHALLENGES OF SAAS PARADIGM

 Controlling
 Visibility & flexibility
 Security and privacy
 High performance and Availability
 Integration and composition
 Standards
SAAS INTEGRATION SERVICES
 SaaS integration, or SaaS application integration, involves
connecting a SaaS application with another cloud-based app
or an on-premise software via
application programming interfaces (APIs).
 Once connected, the app can request and share data freely
with the other app or on-premise system.
 The Google Suite is a great example of simple SaaS
integration.
Google integrates separate applications:
 Google Sheets
 Google Docs
 Gmail
 Google Drive
TYPES OF SAAS SOFTWARE

 Email and social collaboration

 Customer relationship management (CRM)

 Enterprise resource planning (ERP)

 Human resources management (HRM)

 Content management
VIRTUAL PROVISIONING IN
VIRTUALIZED DATA CENTER
 VMP is capability to present a LUN to a computer system
with extra capacity than what is physically allotted to the
LUN on the storage array.
It can be implemented by:
 Computer layer
 Storage layer
 Physical storage is allotted only when compute needs it and
the provisioning decisions are not bound by presently
accessible storage.
 The physical storage is allotted from a shared pool of
physical capacity to the application “on-demand”.
 This gives more efficient storage utilization by minimizing
the allotted amount, but unused physical storage
NEED FOR VIRTUAL PROVISIONING :
 Administrators typically allot storage space based on the
anticipated growth of storage.
 This is because they want to minimize the management
overhead and application downtime needed to add new
storage afterwards.
 This results in the over-provisioning of the storage
capacity which leads to greater costs, more power,
cooling and floor space requirements and lower capacity
utilization.
 Virtual Provisioning addresses these challenges by giving
more efficient utilization of storage by minimizing the
amount of allotted, but unused physical storage.
ADVANTAGES OF VIRTUAL PROVISIONING :

 Minimizes the operating and storage cost.

 Decreases downtime.

 Improves capacity utilization.

 Minimizes administrative overhead.

VIRTUAL MACHINES PROVISIONING
AND MANAGEABILITY
 Virtual provisioning is a virtual storage network (VSAN)-based
technology in which storage space is allocated on demand to
devices.
 This process allows virtualized environments to control the
allocation and management of physical disk storage
connected with virtual machines (VM).
 Virtual Machine Management Service, also known as VMMS
or vmms.exe, is the main module in Microsoft Windows
operating system that controls all aspects of Hyper-V server
virtualization.
VIRTUAL MACHINE MIGRATION
SERVICES
 Virtual machine migration is the task of moving a virtual
machine from one physical hardware environment to another.

VM Migration Type Description

Cold Migration Before migration, the virtual machine
must be powered off, after doing this
task. The old one should be deleted
from source host. Moreover, the virtual
machine need not to be on shared
storage.
Warm Migration Whenever transfer OS and any
application, there is no need to suspend
the source host. Basically it has high
demand in public cloud.
Live Migration It is the process of moving a running
virtual machine without stopping the OS
and other applications from source host
to destination host.
TYPES OF VIRTUAL MACHINE
MIGRATION TECHNIQUES
 Pre- Copy Migration
 Post-Copy Migration
PRE- COPY MIGRATION
 In this migration, the hypervisor copies all memory page
from source machine to destination machine while the
virtual machine is running.
It has two phases:
 Warm- up Phase and

 stop and copy phase.

WARM UP PHASE:
 During copying all memory pages from source to
destination, some memory pages changed because of
source machine CPU is active.
 All the changed memory paged known as dirty pages.

 All these dirty pages are required to recopy on

destination machine; this phase is called as warm up
phase.
STOP & COPY PHASE:
 Warm up phase is repeated until all the dirty pages
recopied on destination machine.
 This time CPU of source machine is deactivated till all
memory pages will transfer another machine.
 Ultimately at this time CPU of both source and
destination is suspended, this is known as down time
phase.
 This is the main thing that has to explore in migration
for its optimization.
POST- COPY MIGRATION
 In this technique, VM at the source is suspended to start post
copy VM migration.
 When VM is suspended, execution state of the VM (i.e. CPU
state, registers, non-pageable memory) is transferred to the
target.
 In parallel the sources actively send the remaining memory
pages of the VM to the target. This process is known as pre-
paging.
 At the target, if the VM tries to access a page that has
not been transferred yet, it generates a page fault, also
known as network faults.
 These faults are redirect to the source, which responds
with the faulted pages.
 Due to this, the performance of applications is
degrading with number of network faults.
 To overcome this, pre-paging scheme is used to push
pages after the last fault by dynamically using page
transmission order.
INTEGRATION OF PRIVATE AND
PUBLIC CLOUD
TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR
CLOUD COMPUTING
 Virtualization: Virtualization technology in cloud
computing involves the use of specialized programming
techniques to create a virtual version of a computer resource
to allow for cloud service providers to bring multiple
operating systems and computer systems under one virtual
machine to efficiently distribute an application among
multiple users within one organization or numerous
organizations in a cost-efficient and convenient manner.
 This cloud computing technique offers unparalleled hardware
flexibility and significantly brings down IT maintenance and
infrastructure costs, and is the first entry on the cloud
computing technologies list.
 Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA): Service Oriented
Architecture is the latest technology in cloud computing that
refers to an online architecture that supports a collection of
services.
 There is an established communication protocol between the
components of various applications or services, and this
communication occurs over a network to provide the user
with certain services.
 Grid Computing: One of the other technologies used in cloud
computing is grid computing, which allows for multiple
computer resources to combine and interact to achieve a
common objective.
 Grid computing is particularly beneficial when large-scale
computing tasks are undertaken and are too burdensome for
one individual computing resource to handle.
 Such a job is broken down into smaller components and
distributed among the grid.
 The computing resources within the grid communicate with
each other and work together to solve the problem.
 Utility Computing: Utility computing is one of the most
common answers given to the question, ‘what is cloud-based
technology?’
 Enabling technology for cloud computing, utility computing
infrastructure is a software service provision business model
that employs a pay-per-use model.
 Users can subscribe to preferred services and only pay for
those services without undertaking a massive initial
expenditure.
 This offers flexibility for users who wish to change or
discontinue the usage of a cloud service.
RESOURCE PROVISIONING SERVICES

 Resource Provisioning means the selection, deployment, and

run-time management of software (e.g., database server
management systems, load balancers) and hardware
resources (e.g., CPU, storage, and network) for ensuring
guaranteed performance for applications.
METHODS OF RESOURCE
PROVISIONIBG
1. Static Provisioning
 Predictable and Unchanging demands

 Advance preparation of resources

 Charges as flat free or monthly basis

2. Dynamic Provisioning
 Demand on application may change or vary

 Allocate more resources when needed and remove when it

use
3. User-Self Provisioning
 Resources are purchased from web

 Create user account

THANK YOU