Digital Image Processing
Introduction
Scope of Image processing
Applied in whole range of electromanetic waves
In wide range of applications
Biology Astronomy Medical Daily images
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 2
Biomedical imaging
Cell counting
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 3
Medical imaging
X-ray - Broken bone Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images – Brain
Ultra sound – prenatal baby
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 4
Imaging in Industry
Control product quality and appearance
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 5
Automatic sorting
Barcode 1D&2D for identifying products and
consumer items
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 6
Imaging in robotics
Sputnik Sony Aibo robots - RoboCup
Mars rover - Opportunity Industrial Parallel robot:
Picking & Placing
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 7
Satelite images
Wiki mapia Weather forecast
Fire detection Where is it??? Military: Iran Nuclear Facility
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 8
Images in biometrics
Finger print Iris recognition
Face Detection &
Recognition
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 9
Surveillance systems
Transportation service Security service
Vehicle plate recognition
Super market
monitoring
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 10
Astronomy images
NASA Hubble Telescope
Suppernova Bubble (160,000
light-years from Earth)
Engle Nebula
(7,000 light-years
from Earth)
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 11
Office applications
Character recognition:
Vietnamese/English
Printed text - Scan/ digital text - PDA
Example of online text
recognition application
11/01/2024 Lê Thanh Hà 12
Product check
Compare the color of sample products with
produced products
Compare the shape of products:
Round
Length
11/01/2024 Lê Thanh Hà 13
Security applications
Fingerprint recognition
Human face recognition
Criminal recogntion
Information hiding in images
11/01/2024 Lê Thanh Hà 14
Gamma-Ray Imaging
Gamma-rays:
A nuclear emission ray
Patent is injected a
radioactive isotope
emitting gamma-ray
It also is jetted from 2
poles of a black-hole as it
swallows materials.
Detected by gamma-ray
detectors and produce
images.
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 15
X-Ray imaging
Medical applications:
Pictures inner parts of body.
Obtain images of blood
vessels.
Industrial applications:
Examine for flaws
Check for missing parts
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 16
Ultraviolet Band
Use fluorescence
materials to detect
ultraviolet –rays
Many applications
in many areas:
industry, biologics,
astronomy, …
Ants can sense
ultraviolet-rays
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 17
Microwave band
Radar:
To explore inaccesible regions of Earth’s surface.
To detect the distance to objects
It illuminates the target object and capture the
reflected microwave energy from radar antenna.
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 18
Concepts of Digital Images
An Image is defined as a 2D function, f(x,y)
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
300
250
200
150 300
250
100 200
150
50 100
50
0
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 19
Digital Image Processing
Low-level process:
• Inputs and outputs are images.
• Noise reduction, contrast enhancement, …
Mid-level process:
• Extract attributs from images.
• Segmentation, single object recog., …
High-level process
• Perform cognitive functions
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 20
