Art integration
project on:
Critical and
creative
thinking
By Dheeksha.P
XII A2
What is design thinking?
Design thinking refers to the cognitive,
strategic, and practical processes by which
design concepts (proposals for new products,
buildings, machines, etc.) are developed.
Design thinking is an iterative process
concerned with solving complex problems in a
user-centric manner. It focuses on achieving
practical solutions that are technically feasible,
economically viable, and desirable for the user.
Key steps of design thinking
01 are: 02
Empathize Define
03 04 05
Ideate Prototype Test
Empathize
Design thinking starts with having empathy for users. It is defined as a deep
understanding of the problem and realities of the people you are designing
for. This means thinking of the problem from a user's perspective and
understanding their challenges.
Empathize methods:
Assume a beginner mindset
Ask what how why
5 why analysis
Build empathy with analogies
Engage with outlier users
Body storm etc.
A focus on empathy:
An empathy map is an
interesting tool that can be
used in preparation for any
AI project to practice as a
way of empathizing in the
design process
Empathy map:
An empathy map is a collaborative tool to gain a deeper insight into
user problems. It is a visual tool that captures knowledge about a user’s behaviour and
attitude. The empathy map was created by Dave Gray and has been used in many
forms by companies around the world.
It broadly talks about the following framework:
Feelings: How is the user feeling about the experience?
Tasks: what tasks are users trying to complete?
influences: who and what things influence a user’s acts?
Goals: what is a user’s ultimate goal? What are they trying to achieve?
User persona:
a deep understanding of a target audience is
important to creating an amazing product. User
personas help a product team to answer—” who are
we designing for?”
Generally, a persona template will consist of the
following attributes:
❏ persona name
❏ photo
❏ demographics
❏ goals and needs
❏ frustrations
❏ behaviors
❏ components of personality
Define
The "Define" stage in the design thinking process is when you organize your
research and observations to identify the core problems you're trying to solve. The
goal of this stage is to find a clear direction for your ideas and a compelling point of
view.
eg:
Let us say we have to increase the revenue of a company
Rather than saying “We need to increase the revenue of the company soon”, we
should reframe it as “We need to increase the revenue of the company by 10% in
the next 3 months”.
Getting information on how people are currently solving the problem, provides
clues on how to give more innovative solutions. Make a list of the most impactful
issues as we won’t be able to solve all of the user’s problems.
Ideate
In the ideate phase, we focus on idea generation and should not
be concerned if the generated ideas are feasible or not. We can
use a few brainstorming tools at this stage to structure the ideas.
Ideation is the most important stage of design thing where all
types of ideas are welcome and the most feasible ideas are
chosen for further exploration.
ideation helps us in:
Asking the right questions and innovating with a strong focus on
the users
Get the best out of skill sets
Come up with out of the box solutions etc.
Ideation techniques:
● brainstorming:
participants should be able to discuss as many
ideas as possible without the fear of criticism. The belief is
that all ideas are good and we should explore all thoughts
without bias.
● brain dump:
brain dump is similar to brainstorm, but is done
individually. participants write their ideas and later share
them with their group.
● brainwriting:
it is also known as individual brainstorming. It gives
introverted team members time to write down their ideas
on paper and pass them to another participant who
elaborates on the first person’s idea. After about 15
minutes the papers are collected and posted for instant
Prototype:
the prototype stage is focused on creating a simple
inexpensive model of the final solution which is to be tested in the
next phase of the process.
The prototype may include simple drawings, sketches, 3D printing
or rapid prototyping, and role play through virtual or augmented
reality that helps designers determine what they need to improve
and fix in their design before testing.
Test:
the idea here is to get feedback about the prototypes and get
user inputs on how closely the solution is fixing user problems.
Testing is essential because it will assist in identifying what real
people think about the end solution.
Immersion:
uber use immersion techniques of empathy in design thinking to understand how
people use their services
Ubers conducts the walkabout program as part of its immersion initiatives. They conduct
interviews with delivery partners, restaurant owners, and consumers.
Problem-solving:
Problem-solving is the act of defining a problem– determining the cause of the
problem; identifying, prioritizing and selecting alternatives for a solution; and
implementing a solution.
The key steps to problem-solving are:
1) diagnose the problem
2) determine the root cause of the problem
3) develop alternative solutions
4) select a solution
5) implement the solution
6) evaluate the outcome
Thank you!!!
