SUMMER TRAINING PRESENTATION
ON
“NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION
(NTPC),TANDA”
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PRESENTED BY
DR. P. KANNAN (AGM,OPG) SHUBHAM (E22220732800061)
MR. GURUDEV PRASAD (DGM,OPG) VANSH KASHYAP (E22220732800069)
VIPUL KUMAR YADAV (E22220732800072)
AMIT KUMAR(E22220732800015)
SHUBHAM(E22220732800060)
PRAVEEN KUMAR(E22220732800039)
CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. COAL HANDLING PLANT (CHP)
I. CRUSHING
II. PULVERIZATION
III. FURNACE (BURNING STEP)
3. MAIN PLANT
I. BOILER
II. STEAM TURBINE
III CONDENSER
IV. COOLING TOWERS AND PONDS
V. FEED WATER HEATER
VI. ECONOMIZER
VII. AIR PRE HEATER
4. WASTE GENERATED AND THEIR CONTROL
I. ASH HANDLING PLANT (AHP)
II. WATER HANDLING PLANT
5. TRANSFORMER
I. STEP UP TRANSFORMER
II. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
III. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
8. CONCLUSION
9. REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
i. A Thermal Power Plant converts the heat energy of coal into electrical energy. Coal is brunt in a boiler which convert water into steam. The expansion of steam in turbine produces
mechanical power which drives the alternator coupled to the turbine. Thermal Power Plant contribute maximum to the generation of power for any country.
ii. Thermal Power Plants constitute 75.43% of the total installed captive and non captive power generation in India.
iii. In thermal generation stations coal, oil, natural gas etc. are employed as primary sources of energy.
History
Established in 1975, NTPC has been a major player in India’s power sector for nearly five decades.
mission
NTPC’s mission is to provide reliable, affordable, and environmentally friendly power.
Goals
NTPC’s goals include;
Achieving 130 GW of installed capacity by 2032
About NTPC Tanda
Tanda Thermal Power Station is located in Ambedkar Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The power plant is one of the coal based power plants of NTPC.
The coal for the power plant is sourced from North Karnpura Coal Fields. Source of water for the power plant is from Tanda Pump Canal on Saryu River. In the year 2000,
Uttar Pradesh State Electricity Board (U.P.S.E.B.) transferred Tanda Thermal Power Plant to NTPC Limited against payment overdue. After acquisition of this plant, because
of the better maintenance by NTPC Limited, this power plant has crossed its Plant Load Factor (P.L.F.) to more than 100%.
Installed Capacity
Stage-I and present installed capacity are listed below;
Total Power Generation = 1760 MWs
General Layout of Thermal Power Plant
COAL HANDLING PLANT
i. coal is transported to power station by rail or road and stored in coal storage plant and then
pulverized.
ii. The function of coal handling plant is automatic feeding od coal to the boiler furnace.
iii. A thermal power plant burns enormous amounts of coal.
iv. A 200MW plant my require around 2000 tons of coal daily.
CRUSHING OF COAL
i. A pulverize mill is used to pulverize coal for combustion in the steam- Generating furnaces of fossil
fuel power plants.
ii. The crushing process of coal after that there size is < 20mm
PULVERIZING PLANT
In modern thermal power plant, coal is pulverizing i.e. ground to dust like size and carried to the furnace in a large
surface area to the action of oxygen and consequently helping combustion.
Pulverizing process consists 3 stage classified as:
i. Feeding
ii. Drying
iii. Grinding
Furnace (burning step) :-
i. A furnace is a device used for high temperature heating.
ii. The heat energy to fuel a furnace may be supplied directly by fuel combustion, by electricity such as the
electric arc furnace, or through induction heating in induction furnaces.
BOILER
The function of boiler is to generate steam at desired pressure and temperature by transferring heat produced by burning
of fuel in a furnace to change water into steam.
TURBINE
In thermal power plants generally 3 turbines are used to
increases the efficiency.
i. High pressure turbine
ii. Intermediate pressure turbine
iii. Low pressure turbine
CONDENSER
The Surface condenser is a shell and tube heat exchanger where cooling water flows through tubes and exhaust steam feed into the shell
surrounds the tubes. As a result, steam condense outside the tubes
COOLING TOWERS AND PONDS
i. A condenser needs huge quantity of water to condense the steam.
ii. Most plants use cooled cooling system where worm water coming form condenser is
cooled is reused.
iii. Cooling tower is a steel or concrete hyperbolic structure with the height of 150m.
FEED WATER HEATER
i. Feed water heating improves over all plant efficiency
ii. Thermal stresses due to cooled water entering the boiler drum are avoided.
iii. Quality of steam produced by the boiler is increased .
ECONOMIZER
i. Flue gases coming out of the boiler carry lot of heat an economizer extracts a part of this heat from flue
gases and uses it for heating feed water.
ii. Saving coal consumption and higher boiler efficiency.
AIR PREHEATER
i. The function of air preheaters is to preheat the air before entering to the furnace by utilizing some of the
energy left in the flue gases before exhausting them to the atmosphere.
ii. After flue gases leave economizer, some further heat can be extracted from them and used to heat
incoming heat. Cooling of flue gases by 20 degree centigrade increases the plant efficiency by 1%.
WASTE GENERATED AND THEIR CONTROL
i. ASH HANDLING PLANT
ii. WATER HANDLING PLANT
ASH HANDLING PLANT
i. The ash from the boiler is collected in two forms
ii. Bottom ash (slurry): It’s a waste which is dumped into ash pond.
iii. Fly ash: fly ash is separated form flue gases in esp.
WATER HANDLING PLANT
Water in a power plant used for :-
i. Production of steam – for rotating turbine.
ii. Colling purpose – for cooling of various equipment.
Water is recycled and used for various purpose:
Raw Water For Cooling Purposes Steam Condenser Raw Water
• About 4 cubic meter is lost/day/mw.
TRANSFORMER
Transformer is an electrical device
which converts electrical energy
from one circuit to another circuit
by STEP UP/ STEP DOWN the AC
voltage without changing
frequency
STEP UP TANSFORMER
Electricity losses some of its energy as it
travels down wire cables, but high – voltage
electricity losses less energy than low –
voltage electricity. So the electricity
generated in the plant is stepped – up
(boosted) to a very high voltage as it leaves
the power plant.
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
CURRENT TRANSFORMER:- A
C. T. is used to step down
current for measurement,
control and protection
POTENTIAL
TRANSFORMER
Potential transformer are
Instrument transformer
A P.T. is used to step down
voltage for measurement, control
and protection
Conclusion
Industrial training being an integral part of engineering curriculum provides not only easier understanding but also helps acquaint an individual
with technologies. It exposes an individual to practical aspect of all things which differ considerably from theoretical models. During my
training, I gained a lot of practical knowledge which otherwise could have been exclusive to me. The practical exposure required here will pay
rich dividends to me when I will set my foot as an engineer. The training at NTPC Tanda was altogether an exotic experience, since work,
culture and mutual cooperation was excellent here. More over fruitful result of adherence to quality control and employees were fare which is
much evident here. All the minor & major sections in the thermal project had been visited & also understand to the best of my knowledge. I
believe that this training has made me well versed with the various processes in the power plant. Asfar as I think there is a long way to go till
we use our newest of ever important technologies to increase the efficiency because the stocks of coal are dwindling and they are not going to
last forever. Its imperative that we start shouldering the burden together to see a shining and sustainable future INDIA.
REFERENCES
1.www.google.com
2.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_power_station
3.http://www.reliancepower.co.in/power_industry/power _generation/working_of_a_power_plant.htm
4.http://www.meritnation.com/ask-answer/question/what-are-the-advantages-and- disadvantages-of-thermal-
power
THANK YOU
