Lecture 2

The VERB
The Present Simple
 PRESENT SIMPLE

< Past_______x_______ Future >

Present
 FORM
Subject + [ Verb 1 ] + s / es for the 3rd person
singular (he/she/it)

Example:
1. AFIRMATIVE:
I always ask questions.
The student/he writes formulae every
day.
2. INTERROGATIVE:
Do I always ask questions?
Does the student write any formulae
every day?
3. NEGATIVE:
I don’t always ask questions.
The student doesn’t write any formulae.
Afirmative: Interrogative:
I come Do I come?
You come Do you come?
He/she/it comes Does he/she/it come?
We come Do we come?
You come Do you come?
They come Do they come?
Negative:
I do not/don’t come.
You don’t come.
He does not/doesn’t come.
We don’t come.
You don’t come.
They don’t come.
 Use:
1. for repeated habitual activities:

Doctors cure patients.

I drink tea for breakfast.
Jack goes to work by train every
morning.
Christine reads the newspaper
before she goes to bed.
2. for actions that are true in general:

The sun rises in the East and

sets in the West.
Water freezes at 0º C.
3. to show a permanent situation:

My parents live in Manchester.

The Pope governs the Catholic
Church.
My mother works in a bank.
4. For timetables and fixed programs:
We leave New York on Monday and
arrive in Boston the next morning.
The film starts at 10.30.
 Observations
In general are used the following
adverbs:

- every day; every week; every month;

every year;
- usually, mostly, generally, rarely,
seldom, frequently, always, never;
- sometimes, at times;
 Exceptions
Non-continuous Verbs
Non-continuous verbs; verbs that cannot be used in
continuous forms are usually verbs that you cannot
see somebody doing. These verbs are rarely used
in continuous forms. They are:
Abstract verbs Be, want, cost, need, care, contain,
owe, exist etc.
Possession verbs Own, belong, possess etc.
Emotion Verbs Like, love, hate, dislike, fear, envy
etc.;
She needs help. Not She is needing help.
He wants a break. Not He is wanting a break.
 Changes in spelling:
a) If the verb ends in s”, “ss”, “sh”,
“ch”, “tch”, “x”, “z” or “o” we add
“es”
Ex: to go => goes
wash => washes
b) If the verb ends in “y” preceeded by
a consonant “y” changes into “i”
and add “es”.
Ex: cry => cries
 Exercises
1. Turn into interrogative and
negative :
1. I love my brother.
2. She talks too much.
3. I understand you.
4. You play the piano very well.
5. I always believe you.
6. He remembers my phone number.
7. They live in Bucharest.
8. He has a hot bath every day.
9. I trust my friend.
10.I have lunch at one o’clock.
2.Translate into English:
1. Iarna ninge.
1. Duminica el nu se trezeste devreme.
2. Eu nu studiez seara.
3. Ce faci? Citesti sau privesti la televizor?
4. Ea merge la cumparaturi sâmbata.
5. Nu-mi place cafeaua.
6. Ce carte citesti?
7. La ce ora se trezeste John dimineata?
8. Ce faci tu in zilele libere?
9. Cui ii telefonezi?
10.El nu merge la scoala cu metroul, merge pe jos.
11.De ce deschizi fereastra?
12.Adesea citesc carti englezesti.
13.Cât de des le scrii parintilor tai?
14.Când merg la mare imi place sa inot mult.
3.Turn into the interrogative form:

1. He usually wakes up at 7
o’clock every day.
2. They always leave home at 7.45
a.m.
3. He is never late for work.
4. She works eight hours a day.
5. He leaves the office at 4 p.m.
6. Twice a week he goes to English
classes.
 4. Change the sentences according to the
model.

Ex. They live in Craiova. (He)

He lives in Craiova, too.
1. I fly from Bucharest to Rome every week.
(Mary)
2. We usually play in the park. (John)
3. They like their jobs very much. (He)
4. I want a new car. (She)
5. You wake up at 7 o'oclock. (Paul)
6. You always wash the dishes. (Angela)
7. We watch TV every afternoon. (Tom)
8. I go to school by bus. (My brother)
9. You cook every Saturday. (My mother)
10. We study hard for our exams. (Mark)
 5. Turn into interrogative:
Example:
You like swimming.
Do you like swimming?
1. He lives in Bucharest.
2. You wear an uniform at school.
3. My father drives very well.
4. Mr. Smith teaches English.
5. You like pizza and hamburgers.
6. My neighbour works as an engineer.
7. Your father repairs the car every
month.
8. We drink coffee every morning.
9. Mary pays her bills every month.
10. He goes to bed very early every
evening.
 6. Use the negative forms of the verbs:

Exemplu: I like Maths. (Physics)

I like Maths, but I don't like
Physics.
1. Mary writes postcards. (letters)
2. I go to the cinema. (theatre)
3. They read newspapers. (books)
4. You study French. (English)
5. Mr. Brown works in an office. (at home)
6. I like football. (rugby)
7. He drives a car. (a lorry)
8. Dan and John travel by train. (plane)
9. We drink tea. (coffee)
10. She plays chess every day. (tennis)
7. Fill in the gaps using the right form of the
verb.

1. The river Thames .......................

(flow) through London.
2. “Where is Emily?” “……………………
(have) her dinner.”
3. At night, our tomcat ……………………
(catch) mice.
4. Listen to those girls. What language
……………………….. (speak)?
5. In summer we ………………… (eat) in
the garden.
6. “Don’t’ switch the TV off, I
………………….. (watch) it.”
 8. Fill in the sentences
Example: Jane ___________ . (to read a
book)
Answer: Jane reads a book.
1. Johnny and Danny . (to swim in the
lake)
2. Tom . (to collect stamps)
3. You . (to sing songs in the bathroom)
4. Julie . (to work in the garden)
5. I . (to sit at home)
6. Tina and Kate . (to open the windows)
7. Adam . (to speak French and German)
8. His sister . (to like lemonade)
9. We . (to listen to music)
10. My father . (to clean the car every
Saturday)
 9. Use Do or DOES
1. ________Peter live with his father?
2. ________you learn Spanish?
3. ________Andrew and Martin ride their
bikes to school?
4. ________they work in the garden?
5. ________Sandy's hamster live in a cage?
6. ________the cats sit on the wall?
7. ________we sit in front of the
computer?
8. ________you play the drums?
9. ________Steve wear pullovers?
10. _______I clean the bathroom?