Congruence, Similarity,
and Angle Relationships
SAT Mathematics Reasoning
Lesson
Objectives:
● Understanding Congruence
● Understanding Similarity
● Understanding Angle relationships
Revision- Criteria for
Congruence
SAS ASA
SSS RHS
Revision- Similarity of
Triangles
Difference Between Congruence
and Similarity
➔ Same Shape ➔ Same Shape
➔ Same Size ➔ Different Size
∴ Congruent ∴ Similar
Any Questions?
Quest
ion
For isosceles triangle ∆ABC shown above, AB=BC=5 and the
measure of angle ABC is 36°. If ∠BAC is bisected by AD, which of
the following statements must be true? ( Note: Figure not drawn
to scale)
A. AB=AC=BC
B. AD=BD=AC
C. BD=CD=AC
D. AB=BD=AD
Solution
Quest
ion
In the figure above, Q is the point of intersection of the line
segments AC and BD. The length of line segment BD is 16. What
is the length of line segment BQ?
Solution
Quest
ion
In the figure above, four lines intersect at a point. What is
the value of x ?
A. 30
B. 45
C. 55
D. 65
Solution
Quest
ion
In the figure above, O is the center of the circle and is tangent to
the circle at D. If triangle ABC is equilateral, what is the ratio ?
Solution
Any Questions?
Quest
ion Each angle of ∆ABC is congruent to one of the angles of ∆QRS.
If AB=6, BC=9, AC=12, and RS=36, what is one possible value
for the perimeter of ∆QRS ?
Quest
ion
In the rhombus shown above, E is the midpoint of .
What is the measure of ∠EAD ?
A. 20°
B. 35°
C. 40°
D. 70°
Solution
Any Questions?
Quest
ion
In the figure above, AB is parallel to DE, and DC is twice
the length of AD. If the area of triangle ABC is 9 and the
lengths of AB and AD are both integers, what is one
possible length of DE ?
Solution
Quest
ion
A.
B.
C.
D.
Solution
Any Questions?
Quest
ion
In ∆LMN, the measure of angle L is 20° and the length of LM is
7. The length of each side of ∆L'M'N' is the product of 5 and
the length of the corresponding side of ∆LMN, where L
corresponds to L' and M corresponds to M'. What is the
measure of angle L' ?
A. 5°
B. 7°
C. 20°
D. 100°
Solution
Quest
ion Triangle PQR is an isosceles triangle with base angles
measuring 45°. Triangle P'Q'R' is similar to triangle PQR. The
length of each side of triangle P'Q'R' is 1.5 times as large as
the corresponding side of triangle PQR. What is the measure of
each of the base angles of triangle P'Q'R' ?
A. 22.5°
B. 45°
C. 67.5°
D. 90°
Solution
The correct answer is B.
In two similar triangles, the
A. 22.5° corresponding angles are congruent.
Hence, the measure of each of the base
B. 45° angles of triangle
P'Q'R' is the same as the measure of each
C. 67.5° of the base angles in triangle PQR.
D. 90°
A, C, and D are wrong and may result from the
misconception that the measures of congruent
angles in similar triangles are different.
In particular, C may arise from multiplying 45°
by the scale factor of 1.5.
Lesson
Summary:
Today's session focused on building a
solid foundation in geometry for the
SAT. You successfully delved into
congruence, mastering criteria like
SAS and ASA. You then navigated the
world of similarity, understanding the
importance of criteria used in
establishing similarity between
triangles.
Thank you!
