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Construction Process Topics

The document outlines the construction process for foundations, including setting out, trench excavation, reinforcement placement, and concrete casting. It details the installation of waste pipes, hardcore filling, and the application of damp-proof membranes, as well as blockwork construction and formwork for columns and lintels. Each step emphasizes the importance of alignment, proper spacing, and adherence to design specifications for structural integrity.

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muhammedkabirlema
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12 views13 pages

Construction Process Topics

The document outlines the construction process for foundations, including setting out, trench excavation, reinforcement placement, and concrete casting. It details the installation of waste pipes, hardcore filling, and the application of damp-proof membranes, as well as blockwork construction and formwork for columns and lintels. Each step emphasizes the importance of alignment, proper spacing, and adherence to design specifications for structural integrity.

Uploaded by

muhammedkabirlema
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Setting Out

• - Mark exact positions of structures on the


ground.
• - Use pegs, string lines, or total stations.
• - Ensure alignment with design drawings.
Trench Excavation (Strip and Pad
Footing)
• - Strip Footing: Continuous trenches along wall
lines.
• - Pad Footing: Isolated excavations for
columns.
• - Both provide stable foundations.
Position of Reinforcement Basket
• - Place basket in trenches or formwork as per
design.
• - Ensure proper spacing and alignment.
• - Provide sufficient concrete cover.
Casting of Concrete in Foundation
• - Pour concrete into trenches or footings.
• - Ensure it surrounds reinforcement properly.
• - Compact to eliminate air voids.
Blockwork in Foundation
• - Lay concrete blocks over the foundation.
• - Ensure alignment, level, and adequate
mortar joints.
• - Follow structural specifications.
Installation of Waste Pipe
• - Lay pipes in trenches with proper slope
(gradient).
• - Connect to drainage systems securely.
• - Ensure efficient wastewater flow.
Hardcore Filling
• - Spread and compact crushed stone or
rubble.
• - Provide a stable base for oversite concrete.
• - Prevent soil movement beneath the
structure.
Placement of DPM (Damp-Proof
Membrane)
• - Lay a plastic sheet over the hardcore.
• - Prevent moisture from rising into the
structure.
• - Ensure proper overlap at joints.
Forming of Blockwork on Oversite
Concrete
• - Lay the first course of blocks on hardened
concrete.
• - Ensure proper alignment and leveling.
• - Follow design and structural specifications.
Blockwork
• - Construct walls using blocks and mortar.
• - Follow structural and architectural designs.
• - Ensure proper bonding and alignment.
Formwork for Column
• - Create temporary molds using timber, metal,
or plastic.
• - Shape and support wet concrete until it sets.
• - Ensure formwork is secure and aligned.
Casting of Lintel
• - Pour reinforced concrete into formwork
above openings.
• - Provide structural support over doors and
windows.
• - Allow curing before further construction.
Blockwork Above Lintel
• - Lay blocks over the cured lintel.
• - Ensure alignment with existing blockwork.
• - Maintain design specifications.

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