The WRITING PROCESS
WRITING
PROCESS
A writing process is a set
of mental and physical
step to create any type of
text.
Stages of writing
process
PREWRITIN
PG
rewriting is the first step in
the writing process. It’s a
time to prepare and organize
your ideas before you start
writing.
IN PREWRITING YOU NEED
TO CHOSE/NARROW YOUR
TOPIC
EXAMPLE:
Specific and Narrow topic:
“The Impact of Microplastics on Coral Reefs”
Unspecific and Boring topic:
“A Detailed Analysis of the Historical Development and
Modern Applications of Paint Drying Techniques in Various
Industrial Settings.”
Determine your
audience
Audience refers to the specific group of people for whom
a piece of writing, communication, or media is
specifically designed or targeted. This audience is
identified based on various factors such as age, gender,
interests, or any other demographic or psychographic
characteristics.
EXAMPLES:
• Young Adults: Many books target young adults specifically,
creating novels that deal with coming-of-age issues.
• Students: The intended audience of study websites (like Helpful
Professor) is students. And many advertisers like to target students,
too!
Determine your
purpose
:Purpose is the reason you are writing.
:Whenever you write, you always have a purpose.
●Expressive writing?
●Informative writing?
●Persuasive writing?
DETERMINE THE
TONE
Tone is the mood or attitude you adopt as you
write.
●Serious or frivolous/humorous?
●Intimate or detached?
Determine
point-of-view
:Point-of-view is the perspective from which you write an essay
:There are 3 point-of-view
●First Person- I, we
●Second Person- you
●Third Person- he, she, they
:One of the most common errors in writing occurs when the writer
shifts point-of-view unnecessarily
Example: Shifting from Third Person to First Person in a Diary
Entry
Third Person Narrative
Emily sat at her desk, staring at the blank page in front of her. She
was supposed to write about her summer, but she couldn’t think of
anything to say.
Diary Entry in First Person
August 15th
I’ve been trying to write this essay for weeks, but every time I sit
down, I freeze. I just can’t seem to put my thoughts into words.
Determine
tense
: Tense is the voice you use to designate the time of the
action or state or being.
●Present tense
●Past tense
●Future tense
EXAMPLE
Past Tense:
Yesterday, Sarah had been preparing for her exam all day.
She studied hard and made sure she understood every
concept.
Present Tense:
Now, as she sits in the exam room, she feels confident. She
is answering the questions with ease and is sure she will
pass.
PREWRITING
TECHNIQUES
Clustering/mapping
To do a cluster or “mind map,” write your general
subject down in the middle of a piece of paper.
Then, using the whole sheet of paper, rapidly jot
down ideas related to that subject. If an idea
spawns other ideas, link them together using lines
and circles/shapes to form a cluster of ideas.
EXAMPLE
Freewriting
Freewriting is a useful technique whereby you
write down your thoughts as they come to you,
without regard for grammar or many other rules
of writing.
Free writing is similar to stream of
consciousness, where you allow your mind to go
where it will, from one idea to another, while
recording your thoughts.
Outlining
is basically establishing a plan for your paper. It allows
you to think through your paper before you actually start
writing and see if there are any holes in your argument
or gaps in your research
Example:
Simple Outline for a 5 paragraph essay
Introduction
This space is for you to put your grabber sentence, thesis sentence And the three facts you will be exploring
in your essay.
II. Paragraph two
In this paragraph, you will use your strongest fact to support your thesis statement. You will use one piece of
evidence here too. You will have a conclusion sentence that is transitional.
III. Paragraph three
In this paragraph, you will use your second strongest fact to support your thesis statement. You will use one
piece of evidence here too. You will have a conclusion sentence that is transitional.
IV. Paragraph four
In this paragraph, you will use your strongest fact to support your thesis statement. You will use one piece of
evidence here too. You will have a conclusion sentence that is transitional.
V. Paragraph five
This is your conclusion paragraph. You will use a concluding transitional remark, restate your three facts, and
restate your thesis sentence in a different way. You will not copy your introduction paragraph, just rephrase
it!
Drafting
A draft could be the first version of an English
Language essay where the student writes down their
ideas quite roughly and might not have checked for
spelling, grammar, and structural errors yet. This first
draft may also require more detail or evidence, and
may need to be redrafted several times.
Revising
the process of rethinking and improving a draft of
writing. It in-volves reviewing, reor-ganizing, and
refining ideas. Revising is an essential step in the
writing process that happens before editing.
Add Sentence & word
where appropriate
Remove words & sentences you
don’t need or that don’t make sense
Move Word, sentences, paragraphs, or
even scenes around as needed
Subtitute Boring, blond, and common
words and sentences with vivid, descriptive
words and sentences
Editing
Editing is the process of reviewing and revising a
written piece to improve its clarity, organization, and
grammar. It’s an important step in the writing process
that helps ensure your ideas are communicated clearly
and accurately.
Capitalization of nouns, names, I, etc.
Usage (proper) of nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc
Punctuation is in all of the right
places… but not in the wrong ones!
SPELLING all of the words you’re
using correctly
Publishing
the final step in the writing process, when you make
your work available to the public. It involves preparing
your writing for publication, such as formatting,
proofreading, and marketing.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the writing process is a dynamic and iterative
journey that involves several key stages: planning, drafting,
revising, editing, and proofreading. Each stage plays a crucial
role in shaping the final product, whether it's an academic
paper, a creative story, or a professional document. By
understanding and effectively navigating these stages, writers
can refine their ideas, clarify their message, and produce high-
quality work that engages and informs their audience.
