LANDFORMS
&
WATERFORMS
BY:
‘-
Karylle Tomnob & Ma. Charise
Balbarona
BSED – Social Studies 1
1
LANDFOMRS
“Landforms or anyong ‘- lupa” are
simply the different shapes and
features you see on the Earth's
surface.
2
1.. Mountain (bundok)
A large natural elevation of the Earth's surface.
Example: Mount Everest ‘-
Mount Everest is on the crest of the Great Himalayas
of southern Asia. It lies on the border between Nepal
and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.
3
2. Volcano (bulkan)
A mountain with a crater that can erupt‘- lava, ash, and gases.
Example: Mount Batur
Mount Batur is an active volcano located at the center
of two concentric calderas northwest of Mount Agung
on the island of Bali, Indonesia.
4
3. Plateau (talampas)
A flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above surrounding
areas.
Example : Tibetan Plateau ‘-
Tibetan Plateau, with an average elevation of more than 4,500 meters, is
the highest plateau in Asia. It is surrounded by imposing mountain
ranges, and Mount Everest and K2 are the two highest summits in the
world. Well-known as "the Roof of the World", Tibetan Plateau is also the
world's highest and largest plateau, covering an area of about 2,500,000
square meters.
5
4. Hill (burol)
Landforms that are higher than the surrounding terrain but
lower than mountains.
Example: Siwalik Hills ‘-
The Siwalik Hills, also known as the Outer Himalayas or
Shiwalik Hills, are a range of foothills in the Himalayas. They
stretch for over 1,600 kilometers (1,000 miles) from the Tista
River in northeastern India, through Nepal, across
northwestern India, and into northern Pakistan.
6
5.Plain (kapatagan)
A large, flat area of land with few changes in elevation.
Example: Indo-Gangetic Plain
‘-
Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the Northern Plain or
North Indian River Plain, is a fertile plain spanning 700,000 km²
across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian
subcontinent. It encompasses northern and eastern India,
eastern Pakistan, southern Nepal, and almost all of Bangladesh
7
6. Valley (lambak)
A low area between hills or mountains, often with a river.
Example: Aruka Valley ‘-
Araku Valley is hill station in the North Coast region of Andhra
Pradesh in Southern India. It is about 110 km (68 mi) from
Visakhapatnam and many travellers visit this town as part of their trip
to Visakhapatnam. In 2011, it was home to 57,000 people. It is a
coffee plantation, and there is also a honey industry.
8
7. Island (pulo)
A piece of land surrounded by water.
Example: Palawan ‘-
Palawan is an archipelagic province of the Philippines that is located in
the region of MIMAROPA. It is the largest province in the country in
terms of total area of 14,649.73 km2 (5,656.29 sq mi). The capital and
largest city is Puerto Princesa which is geographically grouped with but
administered independently from the province. Palawan is known as the
Philippines' Last Frontier[5] and as the Philippines' Best Island . 9
8. Peninsula (tangway)
A piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.
•
Example: Arabian Peninsula
‘-
Arabian Peninsula, or Arabia, is a piece of land in
southwestern Asia. It is the original homeland of the
Arab people. It is also the birthplace of the religion of
Islam. The country of Saudi Arabia takes up about four
fifths of the peninsula.
10
9. Archipelago (kapuluan)
A group of islands surrounded by water.
Example: Malay Archipelago
Malay Archipelago, largest group of islands in the
‘-
world, consisting of the more than 17,000 islands of
Indonesia and the approximately 7,000 islands of
the Philippines. The regional name “East Indies” is
sometimes used as a synonym for the archipelago.
11
10. Desert (disyerto)
Any large, extremely dry area of land with sparse
vegetation
‘-
Example: Gobi Desert
Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, promises stunning sand
dunes, dinosaur fossils, warm hospitality from nomad families
and friendly Bactrian camels. Spanning across 1,295,000 square
kilometres, the desert lies in the dry region of the Tibetian
Plateau, extending from northern China to Mongolia and passing
12
through several trading cities along the historical Silk Road
11. Continent (kontinente)
A continent is a large, continuous landmass, typically separated from
other landmasses by oceans or other significant natural barriers.
‘-
Example: Continent of Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most diverse continent,
covering about 30 percent of the land area on Earth.
13
12. Mt. System or Ranges (kabundukan)
A mountain system is a group of mountain ranges
that are similar in structure, form, and alignment.
‘-
Example: The Himalayas (Asia)
Himalayas is the highest mountain range in the
world, and has 9 out of 10 of the world's highest
peaks, including Mount Everest.
14
WATERFORMS
“Water forms or anyong tubig” ‘- refers to the
different physical states in which water can
exist.
15
1.Ocean
A vast body of saltwater that covers most of the
Earth's surface.
‘-
Example: Pacific Ocean
The largest and deepest ocean, located east of the
Philippines.
16
2. Sea
A large body of saltwater smaller than an ocean,
partially enclosed by land.
‘-
Example: South China Sea
The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the
Western Pacific Ocean.
17
3. Gulf
A large portion of the sea extending into land,
larger than a bay.
‘-
Example: Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf, sometimes called the Arabian
Gulf, is a mediterranean sea in West Asia. The
body of water is an extension of the Indian Ocean
located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. 18
4. Bay
A body of water partially enclosed by land, smaller than
a gulf.
‘-
Example: Bay of Bengal
Bay of Bengal, large but relatively shallow embayment
of the northeastern Indian Ocean, occupying an area of
about 839,000 square miles (
19
5. Strait
A narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies
of water.
‘-
Example: Strait of Malacca
Strait of Malacca, waterway connecting the Andaman
Sea ( Indian Sea) and the South China Sea the west and
peninsular (West) Malaysia and extreme southern Thailand
to the east and has an area of about 25,000 square miles
(65,000 square km).
20
6. River
A flowing body of freshwater that moves toward a sea, lake, or
another river.
‘-
Example: Yellow River
The Yellow River, also known as Huanghe, is the second-
longest river in China and the sixth-longest river system
on Earth, with an estimated length of 5,464 km and a
watershed of 795,000 km
21
7. Lake
A large, inland body of water surrounded by land.
Example: Lake Baikal ‘-
Covering an area of 31,722 km2, Lake Baikal is the world’s
seventh-largest lake as well as the second-largest in the
Asian continent.
22
8. Waterfall
A place where water flows over a vertical drop.
‘-
Example: Kawasa Falls
The Kawasan Falls is a three-stage cascade of clear
turquoise water from mountain springs located in the
jungles of the Cebu island. The falls are part of the
Kawasan River in Badian, Cebu, in the Philippines.
23
9. Spring
A natural water source where groundwater flows to the
surface.
‘-
Example:
Amagizo Hot Spring
24
10. Lagoon
A shallow body of water separated from a larger body by a reef or
sandbar.
Example: Chilika Lagoon ‘-
Asia's largest water lagoon. The vast and dream like Chilika Lagoon is
situated on the east-coast of India.
25
THANK YOU!
‘-
26
