UNIT – II
UNDERSTANDING NEW MEDIA
TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS
User-Generated Content:
User-generated content refers to any form of content, such as
images, videos, text, and audio, that is created by users of an online
system or service and is made available through that system.
User-generated content is commonly found on social media
platforms, review sites, blogs, forums, and other types of online
communities.
user-created- content or consumer-generated- media (CGM).
User-generated content is used for a wide range of applications,
including problem-solving, news, entertainment, advertising, gossip
and research with few or no “gatekeeper” or filter.
For instance, citizen journalism has become an emerging trend in
which any individual can play the role of a journalist by uploading
videos, images, writing news or features in any web portals.
Benefits of User-Generated Content:
The significant advantage of user generated content is that it allows
a two-way communication process which ultimately leads to the
development of an inclusive public sphere.
Strengthen your Community
Increase the Reach
Authenticity and Trust
Cost-Effectiveness
SEO Benefits
Real-Time Feedback
Marketing and Campaigns
Strengthen your Community
Collecting similar stories from people can strengthen the content.
People from similar community with similar issues can share their
experiences which ultimately strengthen the voices.
Authenticity and Trust
UGC is perceived as more genuine and trustworthy compared to
content created by brands. Consumers often trust peer reviews and
recommendations over advertisements.
Increase the Reach:
The reach of the content can be increased by sharing in with the
friends of social networking sites. In this way, the content will
spread.
Cost-Effectiveness
Leveraging UGC can significantly reduce content creation costs for
brands, as users generate content for free.
SEO Benefits
Fresh, relevant content from users can improve a website’s search
engine ranking. UGC often includes keywords and phrases that
enhance SEO
Real-Time Feedback:
UGC provides instant feedback on products or services. Brands can
use this feedback for improvements and to address any issues
promptly.
Marketing and Campaigns:
UGC can be a powerful tool for marketing campaigns. User-created
content like testimonials, challenge entries, or hashtag campaigns
can boost brand visibility and engagement.
User- Generated Content Ideas:
User-generated content (UGC) can be a powerful tool to engage
your audience and build community. Here are some ideas for UGC
that can be effective across different platforms:
Social Media Campaigns
Community Engagement
Reviews and Ratings
Educational Content
Specific to Your Industry
Content Collaboration
Social Media Campaigns:
Hashtag Challenges: Create a unique hashtag and encourage users to post content
related to it. For example, a fitness brand could start a #FitnessGoals challenge.
Photo Contests: Ask users to submit photos related to your product or theme, and
select winners to feature on your page.
Customer Stories: Encourage customers to share their stories and experiences
with your product or service.
Testimonials: Invite users to share video or written testimonials about their
positive experiences.
Before and After: For brands that offer transformative products or services, ask
users to share their before-and-after photos.
Community Engagement:
Q&A Sessions: Host live Q&A sessions where users can submit their
questions in advance.
Polls and Surveys: Conduct polls and surveys to get user opinions and
feedback.
User Spotlights: Feature users or customers regularly on your page or in
your content.
Challenges and Competitions: Create fun challenges and competitions that
encourage user participation.
Fan Art: Encourage fans to submit art or creative content inspired by your
brand.
Reviews and Ratings:
Product Reviews: Encourage users to leave reviews on your website or
other platforms.
Unboxing Videos: Ask customers to share their unboxing experiences.
Rating Systems: Implement a rating system for products or services and
prompt users to rate their purchases.
Educational Content:
•Tutorials and How-Tos: Ask users to create tutorials or how-to videos
using your product.
•User-Generated FAQs: Let users contribute to a frequently asked
questions section.
•Case Studies: Feature detailed case studies submitted by users who
have successfully used your product or service.
Specific to Your Industry:
•Travel: Share travel itineraries, tips, and photos from your users.
•Food and Beverage: Encourage users to share recipes, cooking tips, and
food photos.
•Fashion: Ask users to share their outfits and fashion tips.
•Tech: Let users share tech hacks, reviews, and setups.
Digitization of Media:
Digitization refers to the process of converting analog information
into digital formats. In the context of media, this involves converting
physical media (like print newspapers, magazines, tapes, films, etc.)
into digital formats that can be stored, accessed, and transmitted
electronically
1.Accessibility and Convenience:
Digital media can be accessed from anywhere and at any time,
provided there is an internet connection. This has revolutionized the
way content is consumed, making it more convenient for users.
2.Storage and Preservation:
Digital formats are more durable and easier to store than physical
ones. They can be preserved indefinitely without degradation, unlike
physical media which can deteriorate over time.
3.Interactivity:
Digital media allows for greater interactivity. For example, users can
click on links, leave comments, and participate in discussions,
making the consumption experience more engaging.
4.Distribution:
Digital media can be distributed instantly across the globe, removing
many of the geographical and logistical barriers associated with
traditional media.
Media Convergence:
Media Convergence simply refers to the merging of different types
of mass media such as Traditional Media, Print Media, Broadcast
Media, New Media and the Internet as well as portable and highly
interactive technologies through digital media platforms.
The definition of media convergence is the process by which
previously separate media technologies are brought together by
digitization and computer networks.
Tools of New Media:
New media encompasses a broad range of digital technologies and
platforms that facilitate communication, content creation, and
distribution. Here are some key tools and technologies associated
with new media:
Social Media Platforms:
Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, TikTok: Platforms for
social networking, sharing content, and engaging with audiences.
YouTube, Vimeo: Video-sharing platforms for creators to distribute
video content.
Content Management Systems (CMS):
WordPress, Joomla, Drupal: Platforms that allow users to create,
manage, and publish digital content, often used for websites and
blogs.
Multimedia Creation Tools:
Adobe Creative Cloud (Photoshop, Illustrator, Premiere Pro):
Software for graphic design, photo editing, and video production.
Canva: An online tool for creating graphics, presentations, posters,
and other visual content.
Podcasting Tools:
Audacity, GarageBand: Software for recording and editing audio.
Anchor, Podbean: Platforms for hosting and distributing podcasts.
Streaming Services:
Twitch, Mixer, Facebook Live: Platforms for live-streaming video
content, particularly popular for gaming, events, and interactive
sessions.
Digital Marketing Tools:
Google Analytics, SEMrush, Moz: Tools for analyzing web traffic,
SEO, and digital marketing performance.
Hootsuite, Buffer: Social media management tools for scheduling
posts and managing multiple accounts.
Blogging and Microblogging Platforms:
Medium, Tumblr: Platforms for blogging and sharing written
content.
Twitter: A microblogging platform for sharing short updates and
engaging in real-time conversations.
Web 1.0: Static Web
Web 1.0 is a WWW.
It is a system of interlinked, hypertext pages or documents accessed
via INTERNET.
It is a Read Only Web.
According Berners-Lee, It allowed to search for information and
read it.
It was all about static content.
It was one way publishing of content without any real interaction
between readers and publishers.
Web 1.0: Static Web
Static Pages: Early websites were primarily static, consisting of fixed
HTML pages with limited interactivity.
Read-Only Content: Users could view information but had minimal
ability to interact with or contribute to the content.
Basic Web Browsers: Browsers had limited functionality and were used
mainly for viewing content.
Linear Navigation: Websites had simple navigation structures, often with
hyperlinks connecting pages in a straightforward, hierarchical manner.
1990 - 2005
Web 2.0: Social Web
It is a social web.
Its come in 2006.
It is a improved form of WWW.
It makes use of new and latest technologies in order to make the user
experience more interactive, useful and interconnecting.
It is a community web.
Web 2.0: Social Web
•Dynamic Content: Web pages became more dynamic, allowing for
content that could change and update in real-time.
•User-Generated Content: Platforms emerged that enabled users to
create and share content, such as blogs, wikis, and social media sites.
•Interactive Web Applications: The development of technologies like
AJAX enabled more interactive web applications, providing a smoother
and more responsive user experience.
•Social Networking: The rise of social media platforms facilitated
greater user interaction and the sharing of content.
•Rich Media: Enhanced support for multimedia content, including
videos, images, and audio, became standard.
Web 2.0 supports:
Blogs- It is maintained by individuals or groups and used to
interaction, communicate message and connect to people.
Flickr- A image sharing website which allows users to upload their
images, photographs, pictures and share it with anyone and
anywhere.
Orkut- It is a social networking website which allows the users to
communicate messages with other users.
Web 3.0: Semantic Web
It comes in 2016. It is a Semantic Web.
Web 3.0 read, write & execute web.
It connects knowledge.
It supports 3D portals, multi-user virtual environment, integrated
games, all media flows in and out of virtual web worlds.
Web 3.0 search engine will retrieve micro content texts which were
tagged automatically.
Web 3.0 organize the world’s information.
•Semantic Web: Web 3.0 is often associated with the Semantic Web, which
aims to create a more meaningful and organized web by using metadata and
ontologies to enable better data interconnection and retrieval.
•Artificial Intelligence: AI and machine learning technologies are increasingly
integrated into web services, enabling more personalized and intelligent user
experiences.
•Decentralization: Blockchain technology and decentralized networks are key
components, aiming to provide greater data security, transparency, and user
control.
•Interoperability: Efforts are being made to create seamless interactions
between different platforms and devices, enhancing the overall user experience.
•Enhanced Privacy and Security: With greater emphasis on data protection,
Web 3.0 aims to give users more control over their personal information.
A non-fungible token (NFT)
Encrypted Information Transferring:
Encryption is the method by which information is converted into
secret code that hides the information's true meaning.
The science of encrypting and decrypting information is called
cryptography. Encryption has long been used to protect sensitive
information. Historically, it was used by militaries and governments
Broadcasting:
The term "broadcasting" has its origins in Agriculture.
It was first used in the mid - 18th century to describe the method of
sowing seeds by scattering them widely over a field rather than
planting them widely over a field rather than planting them in rows.
This method of seed distribution was called "broadcast sowing" with
"broad" meaning wide and "casting" meaning throwing or
spreading.
Broadcast Media:
Broadcasting is distributing audio and video content to a dispersed
audience via radio, televison, or other, often digital transmission media.
Receiving parties may include the general public or a relatively large
subset of thereof.
Conversion of content into electrical signals and transmission via radio
waves or cables.
Citizen Broadcasting:
Citizen broadcasting refers to the practice of individuals or small
groups creating and sharing content, typically through digital
platforms, to communicate information, opinions, or entertainment.
This form of broadcasting has gained popularity with the rise of
social media, blogs, podcasts, and video-sharing platforms like
YouTube and TikTok.
Citizen broadcasters can reach a wide audience without the need for
traditional media channels, allowing for a diverse range of voices
and perspectives.
Key Aspects Of Citizen Broadcasting Include:
•Accessibility: Anyone with internet access and basic equipment (like a
smartphone or computer) can become a citizen broadcaster.
•Diverse Content: Citizen broadcasters can cover topics that may be
overlooked by mainstream media, such as local issues, niche interests, or
alternative viewpoints.
•Interactivity: Platforms often allow for direct engagement with audiences
through comments, live chats, or social media interactions.
•Challenges: There can be issues with content quality, credibility, and the
spread of misinformation, as citizen broadcasters may not adhere to the same
editorial standards as traditional media.
Podcasting:
Podcasting involves creating and distributing audio, episodes on
various topics, accessible through the internet. Podcasts cover a
wide range of subjects, from storytelling and interviews to
educational content and entertainment.
Listeners can subscribe to podcasts through platforms like Apple
Podcasts, Spotify, Google Podcasts, and more, allowing them to
download or stream episodes.
