Lab 4: CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Test (Lab1- Lab4 ) next Tuesday at lab time.
Pencil and student ID needed.
10 multiple choice questions:
40% about microscope slides and the other
60% will be questions about models and the
results of experiments.
Extra credit: due by next Tuesday
Blood,whole blood.
Plasma: liquid portion; 55% of your blood
Cells: formed elements, suspended in liquid matrix; 45%.
Cells
Erythrocyte: red blood cells, carry oxygen and carbon dioxide,
produced in the red bone marrow, most numerous cells
Leukocytes: white blood cells, fight infections, include
neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes
Platelets: clotting of blood, smallest
Components of Blood
Plasma
Proteins Nutrients Gases Hormones Waste
• Albumin • Glucose • Oxygen • Insulin • Urea
• Globulin • Amino • Carbon
• Fibrinogen acids dioxide
• Fatty acids
• Glycerol
• Vitamins
• Minerals
Components of Blood
Blood Cells
No nucleus Nucleated
Erythrocytes Thrombocytes Leukocytes
(Red blood cells) (Platelets) (White blood cells)
Components of Blood
• Whole blood= plasma + cells
• Plasma: liquid with organic
and inorganic substances
• Hematocrit: % red blood cells
in plasma
Task 1: Hematocrit
Hematocrit = cellular portion of the blood
Plasma = liquid portion
Record hematocrit reading.
42 % cells
58 % plasma
= 100% - 42%
Blood type
Four blood types within human population (ABO blood type system):
type A, type B, type AB, and type O. The type of blood is identified
according to the kinds of protein called agglutinogens (antigens) that
are found on the surface of the erythrocyte membrane.
In the plasma surrounding the red blood cells are additional proteins
called agglutinins (antibodies). When the appropriate agglutinin
contacts an agglutinogen the result is a kind of clumping of the red
blood cells called agglutination.
Additional proteins called Rh agglutinogens (2nd blood type system).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfZhb6lmxjk
Blood Type
Type Genotype Antigens Antibodies
A IA IA or IA i A Anti-B
B IB IB or IB i B Anti-A
AB IA IB A& B Neither
O ii Neither Anti-A &Anti-B
Rh+ DD or Dd ≥1 Rh antigens None
Rh- dd None None*
* Unless exposure to Rh+ blood has occurred
Blood Type
• One allele from each Mom: IA i
parent contributes to
offspring
Da IA i
d:
IA IB
IA IA IA IA i
IB IA IB IB i
Place 1 drop of the appropriate blood (X,Y,Z, mother.
baby) as designated by chart.
Add 1 drop of the appropriate anti-sera (anti-A,
anti-B, and anti-Rh) to each of the corresponding
circles on the chart.
Agglutination patterns will appear- record these on
chart 4-4.
* Be sure to clean up and dispose properly of all
blood contaminated materials.
Agglutination patterns will appear- record these on
chart 4-4.
Clumping=Have that blood type
* Be sure to clean up and B+ A
dispose properly of all Rh
blood contaminated materials.
B
Task 3: Identify the genotype of the baby’s father
based on your knowledge of genetics and
blood typing
Task 4: Blood smear slide
Erythrocyte: red blood cells, carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
Leukocytes: white blood cells, fight infections
Platelets
Task 5: Blood Pressure
Systolic pressure – pressure within an artery
during contraction of the heart.
Normal ≤ 120
Sys=squeeze
Dia=relaxed
Diastolic pressure – pressure within an artery during
relaxation of the heart.
Normal ≤ 80
