SCSA1104-
PROBLEM SOLVING
TECHNIQUE WITH C AND C++
By
Dr.T.Judgi,
Associate Professor,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
OVERVIEW
Syllabus SCSA1104 - PST C and C++ sylabus, lab.docx
Basic concepts of computer
- Hardware and Software
- Basic computer equipment
Advantages and Disadvantages
Application of Computer ITNBA
Programming Languages
Problem Solving Technique
BASIC CONCEPTS OF
COMPUTER
Computer
A computer is a programmable electronic device that accepts
raw data as input and process it with a set of instructions to
produce the result as output.
Input Process Output
Basic terms
Data – collection of facts or pictures
Input – data sent to a computer
Processing – performing operations on the data
Output – displaying the result
Instructions - order given to a computer processor
Information - processed data
INSTRUCTION
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CHARACTERISTICS OF A
COMPUTER
Speed - high speed electronic device
Automatic - work without any intervention of
user
Accuracy - display accurate result
Storage - store large amount of data
No feelings - execute based on instructions
Consistency - repeat consistently
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
Computer is made up of two components
1. Hardware
2. software
Hardware
It is any part of your computer that has a physical structure.
Example :
Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, etc.,
Hardware consists of two components,
1. Input device – give information
2. Output device – display information
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
Software
Software is any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do and
helps the user accomplish a certain task.
Example :
Web browser, games, word processor, etc.,
Software can be categorized into two,
1. System software – set of programs that runs on a computer
- Operating System
2. Application software – set of programs to solve a particular problem
- Word, Excel, Oracle, PowerPoint
MAIN PARTS OF THE COMPUTER
Monitor
Console (System unit)
- Mother board
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Random Access Memory(RAM)
Keyboard
- Numbers, Alphabet letters , Symbol.
Mouse
-Left Click, Right Click, Double Click, Drag and Drop
Printer
- Reproduce the text
Speaker
HOW COMPUTER MEMORY IS
MEASURED
Bit (Binary digit) – 0’s or 1’s
Byte
1 byte = 8 bits
Kilobyte (kb)
1kb = 1024 bytes
Megabyte (mb)
1mb = 1024 kb
Gigabyte (gb)
1gb = 1024 mb
NETWORK
Network – Multiple computers are connected to share resources
Classification of Network
Local Area Network
Metropolitan Area Network
Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
- Connects network devices
Fig: Local Area Network
CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORK
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
- Covers large geographical area than LAN
- Connects several building in a city/town
- Fiber optic cable
Fig : Metropolitan Area Network
CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORK
Wide Area of Network (WAN)
- Connects two or more geographic area
- Carry data over greater distances
- Covers wide area than MAN
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE OF A COMPUTER
Advantage
- Easy processing
- Saves time
- Errors are minimized
- Communication is easier
- High storage capacity
Disadvantage
- Perform operations based on the
instructions given on it.
- Need well defined instructions
APPLICATION OF A COMPUTER
Education - computer based presentation
Publishing - for publishing book, magazines
Agricultural - for analyzing data
Home - preparing documents, excel
Entertainment - playing games
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
A computer program is a sequence of instructions written
using a computer programming language to perform a
specified task by the computer
The act of writing computer programs is called computer
programming. The computer programming language is the
language to be used to write a computer program.
- Assembly
-C
- C++
- Java
- Python
- PHP
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Programming languages can be classified into
Low level language (0’s and 1’s)
- Machine Language
- 0’s and 1’s
- difficult task for the programmer
- maintenance is high
- Assembly Language
- mov, sub, add
- Easy to write and understand
- Easy to maintain
- Need translator (Assembler)
High level language
- Closer to human language
- Need Translator (Compiler)
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MACHINE
LANGUAGE AND ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
Machine Level Language Assembly Language
It cannot be easily understand by It is easy to read, write and
human maintain
It is written in binary digits It is written in simple english
It does not require any translator Need Translator
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LOW LEVEL
LANGUAGE AND HIGH LEVEL
LANGUAGE
Low Level Language High Level Language
Machine friendly language User friendly language
Represented in 0’s and 1’s Represented in simple english
Takes more time to execute Executes at a faster pace
Machine code cannot run on It can run on all the machines.
all Portable
machines. So it is not a
portable language
Debugging and maintenance Debugging and maintenance
is not easier is easy
PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUE
PROBLEM SOLVING
Problem solving is the systematic approach to define the problem and creating
number of solutions.
The problem solving process starts with the problem specifications and ends
with a Correct program.
PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES
Problem solving technique is a set of techniques that helps in providing logic for
solving a problem.
Problem solving can be expressed in the form of
1. Algorithms.
2. Flowcharts.
3. Pseudo codes.
4. programs
