Male Reproductive System

Male Reproductive organs

Internal External
- Testes - Urethra
- Ductus - Scrotum
deferens - Penis
- Seminal
vesicles
- Prostate
Male Reproductive System
Male Reproductive organs

4
 Male
Reproductiv
e organs
The testes is Testes
gland of the
mixed
secretion.
External secret -
sperm,
internal - man's
sexual hormones.
Each testes has
two ends,
two borders and
two surfaces.
 Testes
Each testis is an oval structure about 5
cm long and 3 cm in diameter
Covered by: tunica albuginea
Located in the scrotum
There are about 250 lobules in each testis.
Each contains 1 to 4 -seminiferous tubules
that converge to form a single straight
tubule, which leads into the rete testis.
Short efferent ducts exit the testes.
Interstitial cells (cells of Leydig), which
produce male sex hormones, are located
between the seminiferous tubules within a
lobule.
 Testes
Internal structure
 The secretion of the semen is prodused only in the convoluted
seminiferous tubules (!).

Then sperm cells pass through a series of ducts to reach the outside of the body.
After they leave the testes, the sperm passes through the epididymis, ductus
deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra. Passing through tubules, sperm ripen.
 Epididymis
a long tube (about 6 meters) located along the
superior and posterior margins of the testes.
Sperm that leave the testes are immature and
incapable of fertilizing ova. They complete
their maturation process and become fertile as
they move through the epididymis.

Epididymis has a
head, a body and a
tail.

Ductus epididymidis is
continued into the ductus
deferens.
 Duct System
Sperm cells pass through a series of ducts to
reach the outside of the body. After they leave
the testes, the sperm passes through the
epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct,
and urethra.
 Ductus Deferens [vas deferens]
a fibromuscular tube that is continuous with the
epididymis.

enters the abdominopelvic cavity through the inguinal

canal and passes along the lateral pelvic wall, behind
bladder & toward the prostate gland.

Just before it reaches the prostate gland, each ductus

deferens enlarges to form an ampulla.

Sperm are stored in the proximal portion of the ductus

deferens, near the epididymis.

as any tubular organ the ductus deferens has three coats.
Ductus
Deferens

Duct System in the Male Reproductive Tract.

 Spermatic cord
It is a complex of some structures, which
contains the proximal ductus deferens,
testicular artery and veins, lymph vessels,
testicular nerve, cremaster muscle and a
connective tissue covering.
 Ejaculatory Duct
Each ductus deferens,
at the ampulla, joins
the duct from the
adjacent seminal
vesicle (one of the
accessory glands) to
form a short
ejaculatory duct.
 Each ejaculatory duct
passes through the
prostate gland and
empties into the
urethra.
Ejaculatory Duct
 Seminal Vesicles
There are glands posteriorly to the urinary
bladder.
Each has a short duct that joins with the ductus
deferens at the ampulla to form an ejaculatory
duct, which then empties into the urethra.
The fluid is viscous and contains fructose,
prostaglandins and proteins.

Function: they produce

of liquid part of sperm
which provides the
mobility and viability of
the sperm.
 Prostate
a musculogland, firm, dense structure about
the size of a walnut that is located just
inferior to the urinary bladder.
encircles the urethra as it leaves the urinary
bladder.
 numerous short ducts from the prostate
gland empty into the prostatic urethra. The
secretions of the prostate are thin, milky
colored, and alkaline.
 Prostate
It has two functions:

1. The secretions of the prostate

are thin, milky colored, and
alkaline. This secret enhances
the motility of the sperm.

2. Muscular fibers of a prostate

work as a sphincter and
separate uric and sexual ways
in a man's organizm during
sexual act.
 Prostate
and Bulbourethral Glands
 Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper's)
small, about the size of a pea, and located
near the base of the penis. A short duct from
each enters the proximal end of the penile
urethra.
In response to sexual stimulation, the
bulbourethral glands secrete an alkaline
mucus-like fluid
 Urethra (male)
extends from the urinary bladder to the
external urethral orifice at the tip of the
penis.
It is a passageway for sperm and fluids from
the reproductive system and urine from the
urinary system.
 divided into three regions.
 Urethra (male)
The male urethra has three
named regions:
• Prostatic urethra – runs
within the prostate gland
• Membranous urethra –
runs through the
urogenital diaphragm
• Spongy (penile) urethra
– passes through the
penis and opens via the
external urethral orifice
 Prostatic urethra
 Length=3 cm
 Widest & most dilatable
 Extends from neck of
bladder inside prostate
gland
 Structures openings into
prostatic urethra:
 Ejaculatory ducts
 Ducts of prostate
gland
Penile (spongy) urethra
 Length=16 cm
Membranous
 narrowest part of whole
urethra
urethra
 Length=1 cm
 Extends inside penis &
 Surrounded by external
opens externally through
urethral sphincter external urethral orifice
 Urethra (male)
Male urethra has
three constrictions:
-internal opening of
an urethra,
- external opening of
an urethra
-full membranous
part.

Three dilatations are

-full prostatic part,
-bulbous dilatation
- a naviculare fossa.
 Scrotum
Consists of skin and subcutaneous tissue
 A vertical septum, of subcutaneous tissue in the
center divides it into two parts, each containing
one testis.
Smooth muscle fibers, called the dartos muscle,
in the subcutaneous tissue contract to give the
scrotum its wrinkled appearance. When these
fibers are relaxed, the scrotum is smooth.
the cremaster muscle, consists of skeletal muscle
fibers and controls the position of the scrotum
and testes. When it is cold or a man is sexually
aroused, this muscle contracts to pull the testes
closer to the body for warmth.
 Scrotum
NB! The scrotum
develops as a gibbosity
of an anterior
abdominal wall
therefore all its layers
are derivatives of
layers of an anterior
abdominal wall.
 Scrotum
Scrotum has some layers
(= coats of the testes):
•The skin.
•Tunica dartos (dartos)
•The external spermatic
fascia
•The cremasteric fascia
•The cremaster muscle
•The internal spermatic
fascia
•The tunica vaginalis
testis
 Penis
(=Fallos
= Priap)

The male copulatory organ

Function - to transfer sperm to the vagina
It is a cylindrical pendant organ located
anterior to the scrotum and functions to
transfer sperm to the vagina.
 Penis

3 parts: a root, body (shaft), and glans penis.

The root of the penis attaches it to the pubic arch
The body is the visible, pendant portion.
The corpus spongiosum expands at the distal end
to form the glans penis.
The urethra, which extends throughout the
length of the corpus spongiosum, opens through
the external urethral orifice at the tip of the glans
penis. A loose fold of skin, called the prepuce, or
foreskin, covers the glans penis.
Penis
 Penis
It consists of three columns of erectile tissue that are
wrapped in connective tissue and covered with skin.
The two dorsal columns are the corpora cavernosa.
The single, midline ventral column surrounds the
urethra and is called the corpus spongiosum.
 Penis
(internal structure)
 Thank you
for your attention!