Chapter 5
Augmented Reality (AR)
Introduction
In the previous chapter, you learned about the
basics of the Internet of things (IoT).
In this chapter, we will take a closer look at the
overview of augmented reality, the difference
between virtual reality (VR), augmented reality
(AR) and mixed reality (MR), architecture of AR
systems, and its application of AR systems such
as in education, medicine, entertainment, etc.
are discussed.
After accomplishing this chapter, Students will be able to:
Explain augmented reality
Explain the features of augmented reality
Explain the difference between AR, VR, and MR
Explain the architecture of augmented reality systems
Describe the application areas of augmented reality
Augmented Reality (AR)
The fundamental idea of AR is to combine, or mix, the
view of the real environment with additional, virtual
content that is presented through computer graphics.
Augmented reality (AR) is a form of emerging
technology that allows users to overlay computer-
generated content in the real world.
AR refers to a live view of a physical real-world
environment whose elements are merged with
augmented computer-generated images creating a
mixed reality.
Unlike virtual reality, which creates a totally artificial
environment, augmented reality uses the existing
environment and overlays new information on top of it.
Virtual reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) vs Mixed
reality (MR)
Virtual Reality (VR)
VR is fully immersive, which tricks your
senses into thinking you’re in a different
environment or world apart from the
real world.
Using a head-mounted display (HMD) or
headset, you’ll experience a computer-
generated world of imagery and sounds
in which you can manipulate objects and
move around using haptic controllers
while tethered to a console or PC.
It refers to computer technologies using
reality headsets to generate realistic
sounds, images and other sensations
that replicate a real environment or
create an imaginary world.
Augmented Reality (AR)
AR adds digital elements to a live
view often by using the camera on
a smartphone.
Examples of augmented reality
experiences include Snapchat
lenses and the game Pokemon Go.
Augmented Reality (AR) is a live,
direct or indirect view of a
physical, real-world environment
whose elements are augmented
(or supplemented) by computer-
generated sensory input such as
sound, video, graphics or GPS data
.
Mixed Reality (MR)
Mixed Reality (MR), sometimes
referred to as hybrid reality, is
the merging of real and virtual
worlds to produce new
environments and visualizations
where physical and digital
objects co-exist and interact in
real-time.
For example, with MR, you can
play a virtual video game, grab
your real-world water bottle,
and smack an imaginary
character from the game with
the bottle
Differences
One of the most obvious differences among augmented
reality, virtual reality, and mixed reality is the hardware
requirements and also VR is content which is 100% digital
and can be enjoyed in a fully immersive environment, AR
overlays digital content on top of the real-world.
and MR is a digital overlay that allows interactive virtual
elements to integrate and interact with the real-world.
Numerous augmented reality apps and games can run on
almost every smartphone on the market.
virtual reality programs require specialized VR headsets,
noise-canceling headphones, cameras to track room space
and boundaries, and sometimes even motion capture
technology.
Applications of AR Systems
AR In education
Affordable learning materials
posters, digital illustrations, physical models, prototypes are very expensive . Besides,
students can get access to learning materials and interact with them anytime.
Interactive lessons
when AR technology is used in classrooms, students can view
models on their own smartphones
Higher engagement
teachers integrate augmented reality into their lectures.
Higher retention
students use different senses and retain(recall) more knowledge
for a long time.
Boost intellectual curiosity
augmented reality makes students more excited about learning
certain subjects.
Applications of AR Systems
AR In Medicine
surgery (minimally invasive surgery)
education of future doctors
diagnostics
AR tools may also aid to detect the signs of depression and
other mental illnesses by reading from facial expressions, voice
tones, and physical gestures.
In medicine, AR has the following applications:
• Describing symptoms
• Nursing care
• surgery
• Ultrasounds
• Diabetes management
• Navigation
Applications of AR Systems …
Generally, AR provides the following benefits to
patients and healthcare workers:
Reduce the risks associated with minimally invasive
surgery.
Better informed decisions about the right
treatment and illness prevention.
Make procedures more tolerable.
Better aftercare
Medical training and education.
Assistance in medical procedures and routine tasks.
Applications of AR Systems …
AR In Entertainment
• AR on TV
• AR in games
• AR in music
• AR in eSports
• AR in the theater
