WELCOME TO JIGJIGA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE: INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
PROGRAM: BSC. 1
 ****-+
Introduction to Emerging Technologies

By

Ambachew M. ( MSc.)

DECEMBER 2021
JIGJIGA UNIVERSITY, JIGJIGA
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Course Evaluation

Individual Assignment
Group Assignment
Attendance
Mid Exam
Final Exam
 COURSE OUTLINE

 CHAPTER ONE
 Introduction to Emerging Technologies
֎ Evolution of Technologies
֎ Role of Data for Emerging Technologies
֎ Enabling devices and network (Programmable devices)
֎ Human to Machine Interaction
֎ Future Trends in Emerging Technologies

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 Objective
After completing this chapter, the students will be able to:
Develop knowledge about the era of industrial evolutions
Identify the technological advances that made the industrial revolution possible
Analyze the changing conditions created by the industrial revolution in both
Europe and the united states
Understand the causes of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain, continental
Europe, and the United States.
Describe the technological innovations that encouraged industrialization
Identifies and understand the programmable device
Understand concepts relating to the design of human-computer interfaces in ways
making computer-based systems comprehensive, friendly and usable.
Develop general knowledge about emerging technologies
 CAPTER ONE

What is Emerging Technologies ?

 Emerging technology is a term generally

used to describe a new technology.
k

 It may also refer to the continuing development of

existing technology.

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 Emerging technology

 The term commonly refers to technologies

that are currently developing, or that are  Usually refers for technologies that

expected to be available within the next fivek are creating or are expected to create
to ten years. significant social or economic effects.

Technological evolution is a theory of radical

transformation of society through technological
development.
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Technology

From Greek tekhnologia "systematic treatment

of an art, skill, or technique “.

Evolution

Evolution means the process of

developing by gradual changes

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List of some currently available emerged technologies

 Artificial Intelligence
 Cloud Computing
 Blockchain
 Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality
 Internet of Things (IoT)
 Intelligent Apps (I-Apps)
 Big Data
 Robotic Processor Automation (RPA)

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 Artificial Intelligence is composed of two words Artificial and
Intelligence. Artificial defines "man-made," and intelligence
defines "thinking power", or “the ability to learn and solve
problems” hence Artificial Intelligence means "a man-made
thinking power.
 Cloud computing is the delivery of different services through
the internet. These resources include tools and application
like data storage,servers,database,networking and software.

 Blockchain: is the system of recording information in away

that makes it difficult or impossible to change, hack or
change the system.
Industrial Revolutions

 What is Industrial Revolution (IR)

 The Industrial Revolution was a period of major industrialization
and innovation that took place during the late 1700s and early
1800s.

 The revolution started in England, with a series of innovations to make labor

more efficient and productive.
 The Industrial Revolution was a time when the manufacturing of goods
moved from small shops and homes to large factories.
 This shift brought about changes in culture as people moved from rural areas
to big cities in order to work. 8
 The American Industrial Revolution commonly referred to as the
Second Industrial Revolution, started sometime between 1820
and 1870. The impact of changing the way items was
manufactured had a wide reach. Industries such as textile
manufacturing, mining, glass making, and agriculture all had
undergone changes.
 From the first industrial revolution (mechanization through water
and steam power) to the mass production and assembly lines
using electricity in the second, the fourth industrial revolution
will take what was started in the third with the adoption of
computers and automation and enhance it with smart and
autonomous systems fueled by data and machine learning.
 Generally, the following

Industrial revolutions fundamentally

changed and transfer the world
around us into modern society.

• The steam engine,

• The age of science and mass production, and
• The rise of digital technology
• Smart and autonomous systems fueled by
data and machine learning.
The Most Important Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

• Transportation: The Steam Engine, The Railroad, The

Diesel Engine, The Airplane.
• Communication: The Telegraph, The Transatlantic
Cable, The Phonograph, The Telephone.
• Industry:
A The Sewing
transatlantic Machine, Electric
telecommunications Lights.
cable is submarine
communications cable connecting one side of the Atlantic
ocean to the other.

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Historical Background (IR 1.0, IR 2.0, IR 3.0 and IR4.0)
The industrial revolution began in Great Britain in the late 1770s
before spreading to the rest of Europe. The first European
countries to be industrialized after England were Belgium, France,
and the German states. The final cause of the Industrial Revolution was
the effects created by the Agricultural Revolution. As previously stated,
the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 18th century due
to increase food production, which was the key outcome of the
Agricultural Revolution.

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The four types of industries are:

 The primary industry involves getting raw materials e.g. mining, farming, and
fishing.
 The secondary industry involves manufacturing e.g. making cars and steel.
 Tertiary industries provide a service e.g. teaching and nursing.
 The quaternary industry involves research and development industries e.g. IT

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Industrial Revolution (IR 1.0)
The Industrial Revolution (IR) is described as a transition to
new manufacturing processes. IR was first coined in the
1760s, during the time where this revolution began. The
transitions in the first IR included going from hand
production methods to machines, the increasing use of
steam power (see Figure 1.1), the development of machine
tools and the rise of the factory system.

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Industrial Revolution (IR 2.0)
The Second IR, also known as the Technological Revolution,
began somewhere in the 1870s. The advancements in IR 2.0
included the development of methods for manufacturing
interchangeable parts and widespread adoption of pre-existing
technological systems such as telegraph and railroad and
networks. Moreover, new technological systems were introduced,
such as electrical power (see Figure 1.2) and telephones.

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Industrial Revolution (IR 3.0)
Then came the Third Industrial Revolution (IR 3.0). IR 3.0
introduced the transition from mechanical and analog electronic
technology to digital electronics (see Figure 1.3) which began from
the late 1950s. Due to the shift towards digitalization, IR 3.0 was
given the nickname, “Digital Revolution”. The core factor of this
revolution is the mass production and widespread use of digital
logic circuits and its derived technologies such as the computer,
handphones and the Internet.

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Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0)
Now, with advancements in various technologies such as robotics, Internet
of Things (IoT see Figure 1.4). A cyber-physical system is a mechanism
that is controlled or monitored by computer-based algorithms, tightly
integrated with the Internet and its users.

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Role of Data for Emerging Technologies
 Data is regarded as the strategic asset since we are living in the age of big data.
 Data is regarded as the new oil of modern digital world.
 Data is the bases for different emerging technologies.
 Data determines the future of science, technology, the economy, and possibly everything in our
world today and tomorrow.
 With out reliable data it is difficult to develop an emerging technology

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 Enabling devices and network (Programmable devices)
In the world of digital electronic systems, there are four basic kinds of devices:
 Memory devices store random information such as the contents of a spreadsheet or database.
 Microprocessors execute software instructions to perform a wide variety of tasks such as running
a word processing program or video game
 Logic devices provide specific functions, including device-to-device interfacing, data
communication, signal processing, data display, timing and control operations, and almost every
other function a system must perform. And
 The network is a collection of computers, servers, network devices, peripherals, or other devices
connected to one another to allow the sharing of data. An excellent example of a network is the
Internet, which connects millions of people all over the world Programmable devices
 Programmable devices

 Programmable device :used to reconfigurable digital circuits.

 Programmable devices usually refers to chips that incorporate

 Field programmable logic devices(FPLD)

 Complex programmable logic devices(CPLD)
 Programmable logic devices (PLD)

Is computer is programmable device ??

 Some Programmable devices

programmable device
A full range of network-related equipment referred to as Service
Enabling Devices (SEDs), which can include:
Traditional channel service unit (CSU) and data service unit (DSU)
Modems
Routers
Switches
Conferencing equipment
Network appliances
Hosting equipment and servers
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 Human to Machine Interaction
 Human-machine interaction (HMI) refers to the communication and interaction between a human
and a machine via a user interface.
 HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people interact with computers and to what
extent computers are or are not developed for successful interaction with human beings.
HCI consists of three parts :
 The user
 The computer itself and
 The way they work together

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How do users interact with computers?
 Directly with hardware for the human input and output

 Using Graphical user interface

How important is human-computer interaction?

 The goal of HCI is to improve the interaction between users and computers by
making computers more user-friendly and receptive to the user's needs.
 The main advantages of HCI are simplicity, ease of deployment & operations
and cost savings for smaller set-ups. They also reduce solution design time and
integration complexity.
 Disciplines Contributing to Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
 Cognitive psychology
 Computer science
 Linguistics.
 Engineering and design.
 Artificial intelligence.
 Human factors.

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 Emerging technology trends in 2019
 5G Networks
 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
 Autonomous Devices
 Blockchain
 Augmented Analytics
 Enhanced Edge Computing and
 Some emerging technologies that will shape the future of you and your business

 The future is now or so they say. So-called emerging technologies are taking over our minds more and more each
day. These are very high-level emerging technologies though. Chatbots, virtual/augmented reality, blockchain,
Ephemeral Apps and Artificial Intelligence are already shaping your life whether you like it or not. At the end of
the day, you can either adapt or die.

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 Quiz 5%

1. What is Emerging technologies ?

2. What is HCI means ?

3. What does mean Industrial Revolutions mean?

4. Mention historical background of Industrial

Revolutions (IR 1.0, IR 2.0, IR 3.0, IR 4.0 ?

5. Mention the discipline that contribute to HCI?