INTRODUCTION TO METADATA

IMC452

Week 1
Definition and History
 METADATA
• DEFINITION
• Data about data- an abstraction of the
data
• Meaningful data describing another
discrete data object
• Means that the relationship between data
object and the metadata describing its
functionally identical to the relationship
between a book and its library catalog
record
• Structured description of data object
 History of Metadata
280bc
 The use of metadata was first documented in the Great Library of Alexandria, which
was built in the fifth century BCE. Inspired by Greek grammarian and abstract pundit
Zenodotus, library sta" added a small hanging tag to the end of each parchment that
reached the furthest point in the stacks.
600AD
 A common feature of medieval periods was the inclusion of enlightenments at the
beginning of each section, which served as both a form of mark for the creator and a
graphic component anchor for the ignorant people who were there at the time.
MID 1800
 The usage of metadata can be traced back to the invention of photography.
1876
 The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system, which libraries employ to organize
items, is an example of early metadata use. Melville Dewey created the
 DDC.
1960
 The MAchine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) standards are a collection of digital
designs for the representation of items that have been indexed by libraries.
1970
 The International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) was established in
1965 to protect the interests of the world press in the field of mass media
communications.
 History of Metadata
1979
 The International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) was established in order to protect the
broadcast communications interests of the press and to establish standards for the exchange of
information between countries. IPTC creates a first-of-its-kind set of metadata that may be applied to
photographs.
1980
 Various vendors begin to develop computer frameworks to monitor paper-based records as a first step.
1988
 The Leaf Desk was most likely the most punctual unit in the field when it came to transmitting images
from the field to the office. The debates regarding metadata that took place just before the launch of the
Leaf Desk were, in our opinion, the most timely we've ever heard.
1990
 The Information Interchange Model (IIM) was developed by the IPTC in 1990. The metadata fields are
described in depth by IMM.
1991
 The IPTC developed the "Information Interchange Model" (IIM) to cope with enhanced picture assets that
have metadata stored as double information within the document.
1993
 Martiijn Koster is the creator of ALIWEB, the world's most popular metadata-driven internet search
engine.
1995
 MetaCrawler is a metasearch engine that has made a significant economic impact in recent years. Using
a new sort of online index, you may combine the most popular web query items from Yahoo!, Google, and
other mainstream frameworks into a single collection.
 History of Metadata
2000
 There is an increasing demand for the conceptualization of metadata as a result of electronic data frameworks' limitless use and use.
2001
 It was established in 2001 by seven international monetary organizations that deal with measures at the global level, and it is called the
Statistical Data and Metadata Exchange (SDMX).
2004
 Administrative metadata is information that is used to help manage a digital item in accordance with privately defined requirements, to
ensure that it is in good working order, and to enable it to be accessed and used by the designated geographical region.
2005
 The Preservation Metadata Implementation Strategies (PREMIS) group is an international working group that was established in 2003
to develop metadata for use in digital preservation. PREMIS is an acronym for Preservation Metadata Implementation Strategies.
2008
 It was given in 2008, along with another IPTC Extension composition, that an update to the IPTC Core was made. Among other things,
the IPTC Extension 1.0 Schema enhances and widens the arrangement of IPTC Core metadata properties by including additional fields
that are imparted to the PLUS mapping, such as model and property discharge data, as well as more granular region data and a great
deal more.
2015
 As part of its expansion, Octopaiopened is now giving Machine Learning innovation that automatically maps and oversees metadata
obtained from an association's various data frameworks, all through a single, easily accessible interface.
2018
 When the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was passed, it became law. New GDPR requirements mandate that any EU
client information that allows distinguishing proof of customers be rendered unknown, or completely wiped, according to the guidelines.
2019
 A development of the primary motivator of metadata for the decision-making executives Data management on the board will evolve
from being a back-office concern for IT divisions and information stewards to becoming a strategic way for aiding business targets—and
gaining the upper hand—in the coming year.
2020
 In the pursuit of more extravagant, associated, reusable, and open metadata for all exploration outcomes, a collaborative effort of
insightful correspondences partners has been formed.
 History - DUBLIN CORE
• The Dublin Core (DC) is a metadata
element set intended to facilitate
discovery of electronic resources.
• Originally conceived for author- generated
description of Web resources, it has
attracted the attention of formal resource
description communities such as
museums, libraries, government agencies
and commercial organization
 DUBLIN CORE
• The key characteristics of DC are:
• Simplicity
• Semantic interoperability
• International consensus
• Extensibility
• Modularity
• The DC is positioned as a simple information resources
description format
• However, it also aims to provide a basis for semantic
interoperability between other, often more
complicated formats
• Further information available at:
•
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/metadata/resouces/dc/
 DUBLIN CORE
• The DC benefits from active participation
and promotion in some 20 countries in
North America, Europe, Australia and Asia.
• Representatives of the DC effort have
helped to develop the Resources
Description Framework (RDF), an
infrastructure that supports coexistence of
complementary, independently
maintained metadata packages.
 DUBLIN CORE
• Dublin Core resources
• Dublin Core Metadata Initiative [UK mirror]
• Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, version 1.1
[UK mirror]
• RCF- 2731 Encoding Dublin Core metadata in
HTML [UK mirror]
• Recommended Dublin Core Qualifiers [UK
mirror]
• Working groups
• Workshop series
• Guidance on expressing the Dublin Core within
the Resource Description Framework (RDF)
 DUBLIN CORE
• UKOLN DC tools
• DC- dot- a Web- based tool for creating and editing
Dublin Core metadata.
• UKOLN DC resources
• Review of RFC2413:
• DC Coverage Working Group
• DC Format Working Group
• DC Subject and Description Working Group

• RDF and the Dublin Core- Andy Powell,

UKOLUG Conference, July 1998
• Some examples of DC in RDF
 DUBLIN CORE
• Dublin Core in RDF
• DC: type selected from enumerated list
• the RDF syntax currently shown here is OUT OF
DATE
• This example provides a description of the
UKOLN home page. It takes the value for DC.
Types from the enumerated list offered at
http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Metadata/structura
list.html

• It provides an example of the use of a

namespace for a ‘SCHEME’ that is not yet well
established. (Here we use the name DCRT,
DUBLIN CORE
“UKOLN: UK Office for “1998- 02- 17”
Library and Information “Text/ html”
Networking”

DC: Title DC: Date DC: Format

DC: Type
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
DC: Subject
DC: Description DCRT: Type

National center,
UKOLN is a DC: Creator “Text
network
nat. center homepage”
information
for support
support, library
in network
community, “UKOLN
information
Information Information
mgmt. Service Group”
services
THE END