Good day!
Let’s have a
short recap!
1. What is a research instrument?
2. What are the four characteristics of
a research instrument?
3. What are the ways in developing a
research instrument?
4. What are the Scales Used in
Quantitative Research?
What is validity in
Research?
• A research instrument is valid
if it measures what it supposed
to measure.
• Example:
• Level of understanding the lesson
= Mastery of the topic
Types of Validity of Instrument
•Face Validity. It is also known as “logical
validity.” It calls for an initiative judgment of the
instruments as it “appear.” Just by looking at the
instrument, the researcher decides if it is valid.
• Content Validity. An instrument that is judged
with content validity meets the objectives of the
study. It is done by checking the statements or
questions if this elicits the needed information.
Types of Validity of Instrument
•Construct Validity. It is usually verified by
comparing the test to other tests that measure similar
qualities to see how highly correlated the two measures
are. It is concerning if a specific measure relates to other
measures.
•Concurrent Validity. It measures how well a
new test compares to an well-established
test.
•Predictive Validity. When the instrument is able
to produce results similar to those tests that will
Reliability
•Research reliability is the
degree to
which research method
produces stable and
consistent results.
Reliability of Instrument
•1. Test-retest Reliability. It is achieved by giving the
same test to the same group of respondents twice. The
consistency of the two scores will be checked.
•2. Equivalent Forms Reliability. It is established by
administering two identical tests except for wordings to
the same group of respondents.
• 3. Internal Consistency Reliability. It estimates how
much total test scores would vary if slightly different
items were used. It is reasonable that when a respondent
gets a high score in one item, he will also get one in
similar items.
Welcome to Research
Intervention and Data
Collection Procedure
Learning Competencies
1. Describes intervention (if
applicable) (CS_RS12-IIa-c4)
2. Plans data collection
procedure (CS_RS12-IIa-c5)
Research Intervention
Treatment or Group
Steps in Describing
Research Intervention
Process
• Write the Background Information.
• Describe the Differences and
Similarities between the Experimental
and Control Group.
• Describe the Procedures of the
Intervention.
• Explain the Basis of Procedures.
Planning Data
Collection Procedure
Data- These are all the necessary
information needed in our study.
Types of Data
1. Qualitative Data
2. Quantitative Data
Techniques in
Collecting the Data
The following are the common quantitative data
gathering technique:
1. Observation. It is gathering information about a
certain condition by using senses.
•The researcher records the observation as seen and
heard.
• This is done by direct observation or indirect observation
by the use of gadgets or apparatus.
• An observation checklist aid the researcher in recording the data
gathered.
Survey. Data gathering is done through
interview or questionnaire.
•By means of questionnaire you use series of
questions or statements that respondents will
have to answer.
•Interview is when you ask respondents orally
to tell you the responses.
•Since you are doing quantitative research, it is
expected that responses have numerical value.
Experiment. It uses treatment or
intervention.
• After the chosen subjects,
participants, or respondents
undergone the intervention, the
effects of such treatment will be
measured.
Three Phases in Data
Collection
Basically, the contents are the steps you
are going to follow:
(1) before you will gather the data,
(2) what to do during the actual gathering
of data, and
(3) the things to consider after data has
been gathered.
