Adaptive landscapes unveil the complex evolutionary path from sprawling to upright forelimb function and posture in mammals
Fig 4
Transitional ‘sprawling-parasagittal’ landscape.
(A) Composite sprawling landscape (reptiles, salamanders, monotremes, and non-synapsid fossils), and (B) parasagittal (therian) landscape, (C) overlaid to create a transitional ‘sprawling-parasagittal’ landscape. (D) Density plots of scores on the transitional ‘sprawling-parasagittal’ landscape plotted for major extant and fossil groups. Points represent individual specimen scores. The data underlying this figure can be found in S1 Table and S1 Data.