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Lecture Slides - Week 5-1

This document discusses Castigliano's second theorem for determining displacements in structures. It states that the displacement in the direction of an applied force is equal to the partial derivative of the total strain energy with respect to that force. The document provides examples of applying this theorem to determine horizontal and vertical displacements at various joints in truss structures. Internal forces are first calculated and then Castigliano's theorem is used with the strain energy equation to obtain displacement values.

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69 views8 pages

Lecture Slides - Week 5-1

This document discusses Castigliano's second theorem for determining displacements in structures. It states that the displacement in the direction of an applied force is equal to the partial derivative of the total strain energy with respect to that force. The document provides examples of applying this theorem to determine horizontal and vertical displacements at various joints in truss structures. Internal forces are first calculated and then Castigliano's theorem is used with the strain energy equation to obtain displacement values.

Uploaded by

rajumech4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mechanics of Solids

Energy Method
CASTIGLIANOS SECOND THEOREM
The external work done by the force set will be:
P
j
P
1
P
n
+dP
j

j
The internal work stored is:
The new total work done by the force set is:
The new total strain energy inside the elastic body will become
CASTIGLIANOS SECOND THEOREM
Castiglianos 2nd theorem, states that displacement j in the direction of P
j
is equal to the first
partial derivative of the total strain energy with respect to P
j
.
Castiglianos theorem applied to truss
In a truss structure (consisting of N members), the total strain energy can be expressed as
5.0633 kN m
1250 x 200 kN
STRAIN ENERGY
14-73 Determine the horizontal displacement of join B. Each A-36 member has a cross-
sectional area of 1250 mm
2
. (p. 760)
A
B
C
1.8 m
2.4 m
1 kN

1.8 m



member N L N (P=1) N( )L
AB 3
BC 3
AC 3.6
Internal Forces carried by Members
Determine the horizontal displacement of join B
N
AB
= -P/(2sin) N
AC
= P/2 N
BC
=P/(2sin)
-P/(2sin)
P/2
P/(2sin)
-0.833
0.5
0.833
-0.833
0.5
0.833
2.082
0.9
2.082
5.063334
=
B

= 20.3 m
(P)
14-78 Determine the vertical displacement of join E. For each member A = 2800 mm
2
,
E = 200 GPa (p. 760)
A
B
1.8 m
2.4 m
25 kN
Step 1. Internal Forces carried by All the Members
Pin-Joint Equilibrium Method

Step 2. Castiglianos 2nd theorem
C
D E F
2.4 m
Global Equilibrium Method
(Section Equilibrium Method)
P
N (P) N (P=0) L N( )L
DC 1.8
DE 2.4
BE 1.8
AE 3
EC 3
AB 2.4
BC 2.4
AF 1.8
EF 2.4
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0 0
16.675
25
-(25+P)/(2sin)
-(25+P)/(2sin)
(25+P)/(2tan)
(25+P) /(2tan)
0
-0.833
-0.833
0.667
0.667
25
-20.825
-20.825
16.675
0
0
52.242
26.693
52.042
26.693
= 157.47
CASTIGLIANOS SECOND THEOREM
157.47 kN m
2800 x 200 kN
= 0.28 mm
=
(P)
CASTIGLIANOS SECOND THEOREM
A
B
1.8 m
2.4 m
25 kN
Step 1. Internal Forces carried by All the Members
Pin-Joint Equilibrium Method

Step 2. Castiglianos 2nd theorem
C
D E F
2.4 m
Global Equilibrium Method
(Section Equilibrium Method)
N (P) N (P=25) L N( )L
DC 1.8
DE 2.4
BE 1.8
AE 3
EC 3
AB 2.4
BC 2.4
AF 1.8
EF 2.4
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0 0
16.675
P
-P/(2sin)
-P/(2sin)
P/(2tan)
P/(2tan)
1
-0.833
-0.833
0.667
0.667
25
-20.825
-20.825
16.675
0
45
52.042
26.693
52.042
26.693
= 202.47
14-77 Determine the vertical displacement of join B. For each member A = 2800 mm
2
,
E = 200 GPa (p. 760)
202.47 kN m
2800 x 200 kN
= 0.36 mm
=
45 kN m
2800 x 200 kN
= 0.08 mm
=

B
-
E
=
(P)
CASTIGLIANOS SECOND THEOREM
A
B
1.8 m
2.4 m
25 kN

C
2.4 m
N (P)
N
(P=25,
Q=0)
L N( )L
BE 1.8
AE 3
EC 3
AB 2.4
BC 2.4
16.675
P 1
-0.833
-0.833
0.667
0.667
25
-20.825
-20.825
16.675
45
52.042
26.693
52.042
26.693
N (Q)
N
(P=25,
Q=0)
L N( )L
BE 1.8
AE 3
EC 3
AB 2.4
BC 2.4
16.675
P
-(P+Q)/(2sin)
-(P+Q)/(2sin)
(P+Q)/(2tan)
(P+Q) /(2tan)
0
-0.833
-0.833
0.667
0.667
25
-20.825
-20.825
16.675
0
52.242
26.693
52.042
26.693
Q=0
-(P+Q)/(2sin)
-(P+Q)/(2sin)
(P+Q)/(2tan)
(P+Q) /(2tan)
n
1
0
-0.833
-0.833
0.667
0.667
Axial Load
Loading Types
Deformation
Strain
Average Normal Strain
= E

allow

(Compatibility)

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