Question 1:

ABCD is a quadrilateral in which P, Q, R and S are mid-points of the sides AB, BC, CD and DA
(see the gien figure!" AC is a diagonal" Show that#
(i! SR $$ AC and SR % &'(AC
(ii! PQ % SR
(iii! PQRS is a parallelogram"
ANSWER
(i! )n *ADC, S and R are the mid-points of sides AD and CD respectiel+"
)n a triangle, the line segment ,oining the mid-points of an+ two sides of the triangle is parallel to
the third side and is half of it"
SR $$ AC and SR % - AC """ (&!
(ii! )n *ABC, P and Q are mid-points of sides AB and BC respectiel+" .herefore, /+ using mid-
point theorem,
PQ $$ AC and PQ % AC """ ((!
0sing equations (&! and ((!, we o/tain
PQ $$ SR and PQ % SR """ (1!
PQ % SR
(iii! 2rom equation (1!, we o/tained
PQ $$ SR and PQ % SR
Clearl+, one pair of opposite sides of quadrilateral PQRS is parallel and equal"
3ence, PQRS is a parallelogram"
Question 2:
ABCD is a rhom/us and P, Q, R and S are the mid-points of the sides AB, BC, CD and DA
respectiel+" Show that the quadrilateral PQRS is a rectangle"
ANSWER
)n *ABC, P and Q are the mid-points of sides AB and BC respectiel+"
PQ $$ AC and PQ % AC (0sing mid-point theorem! """ (&!
)n *ADC,
R and S are the mid-points of CD and AD respectiel+"
RS $$ AC and RS % AC (0sing mid-point theorem! """ ((!
2rom equations (&! and ((!, we o/tain
PQ $$ RS and PQ % RS
Since in quadrilateral PQRS, one pair of opposite sides is equal and parallel to
each other, it is a parallelogram"
4et the diagonals of rhom/us ABCD intersect each other at point 5"
)n quadrilateral 56Q7,
6Q $$ 57 ( PQ $$ AC!
Q7 $$ 56 ( QR $$ BD!
.herefore, 56Q7 is a parallelogram"
6Q7 % 756
PQR % 756
3oweer, 756 % 89: (Diagonals of a rhom/us are perpendicular to each other!
PQR % 89:
Clearl+, PQRS is a parallelogram haing one of its interior angles as 89;"
3ence, PQRS is a rectangle"
Question 3:
ABCD is a rectangle and P, Q, R and S are mid-points of the sides AB, BC, CD and DA
respectiel+" Show that the quadrilateral PQRS is a rhom/us"
ANSWER
4et us ,oin AC and BD"
)n *ABC,
P and Q are the mid-points of AB and BC respectiel+"
PQ $$ AC and PQ % AC (6id-point theorem! """ (&!
Similarl+ in *ADC,
SR $$ AC and SR % AC (6id-point theorem! """ ((!
Clearl+, PQ $$ SR and PQ % SR
Since in quadrilateral PQRS, one pair of opposite sides is equal and parallel to
each other, it is a parallelogram"
PS $$ QR and PS % QR (5pposite sides of parallelogram!""" (1!
)n *BCD, Q and R are the mid-points of side BC and CD respectiel+"
QR $$ BD and QR %BD (6id-point theorem! """ (<!
3oweer, the diagonals of a rectangle are equal"
AC % BD =(>!
B+ using equation (&!, ((!, (1!, (<!, and (>!, we o/tain
PQ % QR % SR % PS
.herefore, PQRS is a rhom/us"
Question 4:
ABCD is a trape?ium in which AB $$ DC, BD is a diagonal and @ is the mid - point of AD" A line
is drawn through @ parallel to AB intersecting BC at 2 (see the gien figure!" Show that 2 is the
mid-point of BC"
ANSWER
4et @2 intersect DB at A"
B+ conerse of mid-point theorem, we Bnow that a line drawn through the mid-point of an+ side
of a triangle and parallel to another side, /isects the third side"
)n *ABD,
@2 $$ AB and @ is the mid-point of AD"
.herefore, A will /e the mid-point of DB"
As @2 $$ AB and AB $$ CD,
@2 $$ CD (.wo lines parallel to the same line are parallel to each other!
)n *BCD, A2 $$ CD and A is the mid-point of line BD" .herefore, /+ using conerse of mid-point
theorem, 2 is the mid-point of BC"
Question 5:
)n a parallelogram ABCD, @ and 2 are the mid-points of sides AB and CD respectiel+ (see the
gien figure!" Show that the line segments A2 and @C trisect the diagonal BD"
ANSWER
ABCD is a parallelogram"
AB $$ CD
And hence, A@ $$ 2C
Again, AB % CD (5pposite sides of parallelogram ABCD!
AB %CD
A@ % 2C (@ and 2 are mid-points of side AB and CD!
)n quadrilateral A@C2, one pair of opposite sides (A@ and C2! is parallel and equal to each other"
.herefore, A@C2 is a parallelogram"
A2 $$ @C (5pposite sides of a parallelogram!
)n *DQC, 2 is the mid-point of side DC and 2P $$ CQ (as A2 $$ @C!" .herefore, /+ using the
conerse of mid-point theorem, it can /e said that P is the mid-point of DQ"
DP % PQ """ (&!
Similarl+, in *APB, @ is the mid-point of side AB and @Q $$ AP (as A2 $$ @C!" .herefore, /+
using the conerse of mid-point theorem, it can /e said that
Q is the mid-point of PB"
PQ % QB """ ((!
2rom equations (&! and ((!,
DP % PQ % BQ
3ence, the line segments A2 and @C trisect the diagonal BD"
Question 6:
Show that the line segments ,oining the mid-points of the opposite sides of a quadrilateral /isect
each other"
ANSWER
4et ABCD is a quadrilateral in which P, Q, R, and S are the mid-points of sides AB, BC, CD, and
DA respectiel+" Coin PQ, QR, RS, SP, and BD"
)n *ABD, S and P are the mid-points of AD and AB respectiel+" .herefore, /+ using mid-point
theorem, it can /e said that
SP $$ BD and SP % BD """ (&!
Similarl+ in *BCD,
QR $$ BD and QR % BD """ ((!
2rom equations (&! and ((!, we o/tain
SP $$ QR and SP % QR
)n quadrilateral SPQR, one pair of opposite sides is equal and parallel to
each other" .herefore, SPQR is a parallelogram"
De Bnow that diagonals of a parallelogram /isect each other"
3ence, PR and QS /isect each other"
Question 7:
ABC is a triangle right angled at C" A line through the mid-point 6 of h+potenuse AB and
parallel to BC intersects AC at D" Show that
(i! D is the mid-point of AC
(ii! 6D AC
(iii!
ANSWER
(i! )n *ABC,
)t is gien that 6 is the mid-point of AB and 6D $$ BC"
.herefore, D is the mid-point of AC" (Conerse of mid-point theorem!
(ii! As D6 $$ CB and AC is a transersal line for them, therefore,
6DC E DCB % &F9; (Co-interior angles!
6DC E 89; % &F9;
6DC % 89;
6D AC
(iii! Coin 6C"
)n *A6D and *C6D,
AD % CD (D is the mid-point of side AC!gg
AD6 % CD6 (@ach 89;!
D6 % D6 (Common!
*A6D *C6D (B+ SAS congruence rule!
.herefore, A6 % C6 (B+ CPC.!
3oweer, A6 % - AB (6 is the mid-point of AB!
.herefore, it can /e said that
C6 % A6 % - AB
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