Class IX - NCERT –Maths Exercise (6.

1)

Question 1:
In the given figure, lines AB and CD intersect at O. If AOC  BOE  70 and BOD  40
find ∠BOE and reflex ∠COE.

Solution 1:
AB is a straight line, rays OC and OE stand on it.
AOC  COE  BOE  180
 (AOC  BOE)  COE  180
 70  COE  180
 COE  180  70  110
Reflex COE  360 110  250
CD is a straight line, rays OE and OB stand on it.
COE  BOE  BOD  180
 110  BOE  40  180
 BOE  180 150  30
Hence, ∠BOE = 300 and Reflex ∠COE = 2500

Question 2:
In the given figure, lines XY and MN intersect at O. If ∠POY = 90o and a: b = 2:3, find c.

Solution 2:
Let the common ratio between a and b be x.
 a = 2x, and b = 3x

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XY is a straight line, rays OM and OP stand on it.
 ∠XOM + ∠MOP + ∠POY = 180º
b + a + ∠POY = 180º
3x + 2x + 90º = 180º
5x = 90º
x = 18º
a = 2x = 2 × 18 = 36º
b = 3x= 3 ×18 = 54º
MN is a straight line. Ray OX stands on it.
 b + c = 180º (Linear Pair)
54º + c = 180º
c = 180º − 54º = 126º
 c = 126º

Question 3:
In the given figure, ∠PQR = ∠PRQ, then prove that ∠PQS = ∠PRT.

Solution 3:
In the given figure, ST is a straight line and ray QP stands on it.
 ∠PQS + ∠PQR = 180º (Linear Pair)
∠PQR = 180º − ∠PQS … (1)
∠PRT + ∠PRQ = 180º (Linear Pair)
∠PRQ = 180º − ∠PRT … (2)
It is given that ∠PQR = ∠PRQ.
Equating Equations (1) and (2), we obtain
180º − ∠PQS = 180 − ∠PRT
∠PQS = ∠PRT (Proved)

Question 4:
In the given figure, if x  y  w  z then prove that AOB is a line.

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Solution 4:
It can be observed that,
x + y + z + w = 360º (Complete angle)
It is given that,
x+y=z+w
 x + y + x + y = 360º
2(x + y) = 360º
x + y = 180º
Since x and y form a linear pair, therefore, AOB is a line. (Proved)

Question 5:
In the given figure, POQ is a line. Ray OR is perpendicular to line PQ. OS is another ray lying
between rays OP and OR. Prove that
1
ROS  (QOS  POS)
2

Solution 5:
It is given that OR ⊥ PQ
∠POR = 90º
∠POS + ∠SOR = 90º
∠ROS = 90º − ∠POS … (1)
∠QOR = 90º (As OR ⊥ PQ)

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∠QOS − ∠ROS = 90º
∠ROS = ∠QOS − 90º … (2)
On adding Equations (1) and (2), we obtain
2 ∠ROS = ∠QOS − ∠POS
1
ROS  (QOS  POS)
2

Question 6:
It is given that ∠XYZ = 64o and XY is produced to point P. Draw a figure from the given
information. If ray YQ bisects ∠ZYP, find ∠XYQ and reflex ∠QYP.

Solution 6:

It is given that line YQ bisects ∠PYZ.

Hence, ∠QYP = ∠ZYQ
It can be observed that PX is a line. Rays YQ and YZ stand on it.
∠XYZ + ∠ZYQ + ∠QYP = 180º
64º + 2∠QYP = 180º
2∠QYP = 180º − 64º = 116º
∠QYP = 58º
Also, ∠ZYQ = ∠QYP = 58º
Reflex ∠QYP = 360º − 58º = 302º
∠XYQ = ∠XYZ + ∠ZYQ
= 64º + 58º = 122º
Hence, ∠XYQ = 122º, Reflex ∠QYP = 302º

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 Exercise (6.2)

Question 1:
In the given figure, find the values of x and y and then show that AB || CD.

Solution 1:
It can be observed that,
50º + x = 180º (Linear pair)
x = 130º … (1)
Also, y = 130º (Vertically opposite angles)
As x and y are alternate interior angles for lines AB and CD and also measures of these angles
are equal to each other, therefore, line AB || CD.

Question 2:
In the given figure, if AB || CD, CD || EF and y: z = 3:7, find x.

Solution 2:
It is given that AB || CD and CD || EF
 AB || CD || EF (Lines parallel to the same line are parallel to each other)
It can be observed that
x = z (Alternate interior angles) … (1)
It is given that y: z = 3: 7

Let the common ratio between y and z be a.

 y = 3a and z = 7a
Also, x + y = 180º (Co-interior angles on the same side of the transversal)
z + y = 180º [Using Equation (1)]

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7a + 3a = 180º
10a = 180º
a = 18º
∴ x = 7a = 7 × 18º = 126º

Question 3:
In the given figure, If AB || CD, EF  CD and ∠GED = 126º, find ∠AGE, ∠GEF and ∠FGE.

Solution 3:
It is given that,
AB || CD and EF  CD
∠GED = 126º
∠GEF + ∠FED = 126º
∠GEF + 90º = 126º
∠GEF = 36º
As ∠AGE and ∠GED are alternate interior angles.
∠AGE = ∠GED = 126º

However, ∠AGE + ∠FGE = 180º (Linear pair)

126º + ∠FGE = 180º
∠FGE = 180º − 126º = 54º

Hence, ∠AGE = 126º, ∠GEF = 36º, ∠FGE = 54º

Question 4:
In the given figure, if PQ || ST, ∠PQR = 110º and ∠RST = 130º, find ∠QRS.
[Hint: Draw a line parallel to ST through point R.]

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Solution 4:

Let us draw a line XY parallel to ST and passing through point R.

∠PQR + ∠QRX = 180º (Co-interior angles on the same side of transversal QR)
110º + ∠QRX = 180º
∠QRX = 70º

Also,
∠RST + ∠SRY = 180º (Co-interior angles on the same side of transversal SR)
130º + ∠SRY = 180º
∠SRY = 50º

XY is a straight line. RQ and RS stand on it.

∠QRX + ∠QRS + ∠SRY = 180º
70º + ∠QRS + 50º = 180º
∠QRS = 180º − 120º = 60º

Question 5:
In the given figure, if AB || CD, ∠APQ = 50º and ∠PRD = 127º, find x and y.

Solution 5:
∠APR = ∠PRD (Alternate interior angles)
50º + y = 127º
y = 127º − 50º
y = 77º
Also,
∠APQ = ∠PQR (Alternate interior angles)
50º = x
Therefore, x = 50º and y = 77º

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Question 6:
In the given figure, PQ and RS are two mirrors placed parallel to each other. An incident ray AB
strikes the mirror PQ at B, the reflected ray moves along the path BC and strikes the mirror RS at
C and again reflects back along CD. Prove that AB || CD.

Solution 6:

Let us draw BM  PQ and CN  RS.

As PQ || RS,
Therefore, BM || CN
Thus, BM and CN are two parallel lines and a transversal line BC cuts them at B and C
respectively.
∠2 = ∠3 (Alternate interior angles)

However, ∠1 = ∠2 and ∠3 = ∠4 (By laws of reflection)

∠1 = ∠2 = ∠3 = ∠4

Also,
∠1 + ∠2 = ∠3 + ∠4
∠ABC = ∠DCB

However, these are alternate interior angles.

 AB || CD

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 Exercise (6.3)

Question 1:
In the given figure, sides QP and RQ of  PQR are produced to points S and T respectively. If
∠SPR = 135º and ∠PQT = 110º, find ∠PRQ.

Solution 1:
It is given that,
∠SPR = 135º and ∠PQT = 110º
∠SPR + ∠QPR = 180º (Linear pair angles)
135º + ∠QPR = 180º
∠QPR = 45º

Also, ∠PQT + ∠PQR = 180º (Linear pair angles)

110º + ∠PQR = 180º
∠PQR = 70º

As the sum of all interior angles of a triangle is 180º, therefore, for  PQR,
∠QPR + ∠PQR + ∠PRQ = 180º
45º + 70º + ∠PRQ = 180º
∠PRQ = 180º − 115º
∠PRQ = 65º

Question 2:
In the given figure, ∠X = 62º, ∠XYZ = 54º. If YO and ZO are the bisectors of ∠XYZ and ∠XZY
respectively of  XYZ, find ∠OZY and ∠YOZ.

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Solution 2:
As the sum of all interior angles of a triangle is 180º, therefore, for  XYZ,
∠X + ∠XYZ + ∠XZY = 180º
62º + 54º + ∠XZY = 180º
∠XZY = 180º − 116º
∠XZY = 64º
64
∠OZY = = 32º (OZ is the angle bisector of ∠XZY)
2

54
Similarly, ∠OYZ = = 27º
2
Using angle sum property for  OYZ, we obtain
∠OYZ + ∠YOZ + ∠OZY = 180º
27º + ∠YOZ + 32º = 180º
∠YOZ = 180º − 59º
∠YOZ = 121º

Hence, ∠OZY = 32º and ∠YOZ = 121º

Question 3:
In the given figure, if AB || DE, ∠BAC = 35º and ∠CDE = 53º, find ∠DCE.

Solution 3:
AB || DE and AE is a transversal.
∠BAC = ∠CED (Alternate interior angles)
∠CED = 35º
In  CDE,
∠CDE + ∠CED + ∠DCE = 180º (Angle sum property of a triangle)
53º + 35º + ∠DCE = 180º
∠DCE = 180º − 88º
∠DCE = 92º

Question 4:
In the given figure, if lines PQ and RS intersect at point T, such that ∠PRT = 40º,

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∠RPT = 95º and ∠TSQ = 75º, find ∠SQT.

Solution 4:
Using angle sum property for  PRT, we obtain

∠PRT + ∠RPT + ∠PTR = 180º

40º + 95º + ∠PTR = 180º
∠PTR = 180º − 135º
∠PTR = 45º
∠STQ = ∠PTR = 45º (Vertically opposite angles)
∠STQ = 45º

By using angle sum property for  STQ, we obtain

∠STQ + ∠SQT + ∠QST = 180º

45º + ∠SQT + 75º = 180º
∠SQT = 180º − 120º
∠SQT = 60º

Question 5:
In the given figure, if PQ  PS, PQ || SR, ∠SQR = 28º and ∠QRT = 65º, then find the values of
x and y.

Solution 5:
It is given that PQ || SR and QR is a transversal line.
∠PQR = ∠QRT (Alternate interior angles)
x + 28º = 65º

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x = 65º − 28º
x = 37º
By using the angle sum property for  SPQ, we obtain
∠SPQ + x + y = 180º
90º + 37º + y = 180º
y = 180º − 127º
y = 53º
x = 37º and y = 53º

Question 6:
In the given figure, the side QR of  PQR is produced to a point S. If the bisectors of ∠PQR and
1
∠PRS meet at point T, then prove that ∠QTR= ∠QPR.
2

Solution 6:
In  QTR, ∠TRS is an exterior angle.
 ∠QTR + ∠TQR = ∠TRS
∠QTR = ∠TRS − ∠TQR … (1)

For  PQR, ∠PRS is an external angle.

 ∠QPR + ∠PQR = ∠PRS
∠QPR + 2∠TQR = 2∠TRS (As QT and RT are angle bisectors)
∠QPR = 2(∠TRS − ∠TQR)
∠QPR = 2∠QTR [By using Equation (1)]
1
∠QTR = ∠QPR
2

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