CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

Figure below shows a first floor plan of an office building. It is estimated that the 125 mm thick
slab will carry 4.0 kN/m2 variable action and 1.0 kN/m2 load from finishes & suspended ceiling.
This building is exposed to XC1 exposure class. Using concrete class C30/37 and high yield steel,
prepare a complete design and detailing for this slab.

4@3m

discontinuous
continuous

continuous

8m

Design data:

For all slab panels, Ly/Lx = 8/3 = 2.67 > 2.0

 one / two way continuous slab.

Imposed load, qk = 4.0 kN/m2

Loads from finishes & suspended ceiling = 1.0 kN/m2

fck = 30 N/mm2

fyk = 500 N/mm2

h = 125 mm
 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

SOLUTION:

1. Calculate the design load acting on the slab.

Self-weight of slab = 25 x slab thickness = 3.125 kN/m2

Finishes & ceiling = = 1.0 kN/m2

Total charac. dead load, gk = 4.125 kN/m2

Total charac. imposed load, qk = 4.0 kN/m2

 Design load, n = 1.35 gk + 1.5 qk

= 1.35 ( 4.125 ) + 1.5 (4)

= 11.57 kN/m2

Consider 1 m width of slab, w = 11.57 x 1 m =11.57 kN/m

2. Design the main reinforcement.

i) Nominal cover
Minimum cover (bond), Cmin,b = bar = 10 mm
Minimum cover (durability), Cmin,dur = 15 mm
Minimum value = 10 mm

Cmin = maximum value = 15 mm

Cnom = Cmin + Cdev
= 15 + 10
= 25 mm
 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

ii) Shear force and bending moment diagram

a) Bay area = ( 8 x 3 ) x 4 = 96 m2 > 30 m2 OK!

b) qk / gk = 4 / 4.125 = 0.97 < 1.25 OK!

c) qk = 4 kN/m2 < 5 kN/m2 OK!

4@3m

1m
8m
 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

w = 13.26 kN/m

3m 3m 3m 3m

0.46F 0.5F 0.5F 0.6F

+ + + +

- - - -

0.6F 0.5F 0.5F 0.4F

0.086FL 0.063FL 0.086FL

0.04FL
- - -

+ + + +

0.075FL 0.086FL
0.063FL 0.063FL

F = wL
= 11.57 x 3 m = 34.71 kN

1.35 Gk + 1.5 Qk
 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

iii) Effective depth, d

Slab : 8 mm – 12 mm
Assume bar = 10 mm

d = h – c - bar/2 = 125 – 25 – 10/2 = 95 mm

a) At outer support

M = 0.04FL = 0.04 (34.71)(3) = 4.17 kNm/m

𝑀 4.17 𝑥 106
𝐾= 2 = = 0.015 < 0.167
𝑏𝑑 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1000 𝑥 952 𝑥 30

 Compression reinforcement is not required.

𝐾
𝑧 = 𝑑 0.5 + 0.25 − = 0.99𝑑
1.134

𝑀 4.17 𝑥 106
𝐴𝑠,𝑟𝑒𝑞 = = = 102 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚
0.87𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧 0.87 𝑥 500 𝑥 0.99 95

Provide: H10 – 300 (As,prov = 262 mm2/m) > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 143

b) At middle of end span

M = 0.075FL = 0.075 (34.71)(3) = 7.81 kNm/m

𝑀 7.81 𝑥 106
𝐾= 2 = = 0.03 < 0.167
𝑏𝑑 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1000 𝑥 952 𝑥 30

 Compression reinforcement is not required.

𝐾
𝑧 = 𝑑 0.5 + 0.25 − = 0.97𝑑
1.134

𝑀 7.81 𝑥 106
𝐴𝑠,𝑟𝑒𝑞 = = = 195 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚
0.87𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧 0.87 𝑥 500 𝑥 0.97 95

Provide: H10 – 262 (As,prov = 262 mm2/m) > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 143 OK! – bottom
 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

c) At first interior support and near middle of end span

M = 0.086FL = 0.086 (37.81)(3) = 9.75 kNm/m

𝑀 9.75 𝑥 106
𝐾= 2 = = 0.04 < 0.167
𝑏𝑑 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1000 𝑥 952 𝑥 30

 Compression reinforcement is not required.

𝐾
𝑧 = 𝑑 0.5 + 0.25 − = 0.97𝑑
1.134

𝑀 9.75 𝑥 106
𝐴𝑠,𝑟𝑒𝑞 = = = 243 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚
0.87𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧 0.87 𝑥 500 𝑥 0.97 95

Provide: H10 – 300 (As,prov = 262 mm2/m) > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 143 OK!

d) At middle interior spans and interior supports

M = 0.063FL = 0.063 (37.81)(3) = 7.14 kNm/m

𝑀 7.14 𝑥 106
𝐾= 2 = = 0.03 < 0.167
𝑏𝑑 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1000 𝑥 952 𝑥 30

 Compression reinforcement is not required.

𝐾
𝑧 = 𝑑 0.5 + 0.25 − = 0.97𝑑
1.134

𝑀 7.14 𝑥 106
𝐴𝑠,𝑟𝑒𝑞 = = = 178 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚
0.87𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧 0.87 𝑥 500 𝑥 0.97 95

Provide: H10 – 300 (As,prov = 262 mm2/m) > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 143 OK!
 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

Calculate As min and As max

0.26 (2.9) 1000 (95)

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = = 143𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚 ≥ 0.0013 1000 95 = 123.5𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚
(500)

𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04 𝐴𝑐 = 0.04 1000 125 = 5000 𝑚𝑚2 /𝑚

i) Transverse reinforcement

Provide minimum = 0.0013bd = 0.0013 x 1000 x 95 = 123.5 mm2/m

Provide: H8-300 (As,prov = 168 mm2/m)

1. Check the slab for shear

VEd = Vmax = 0.6F = 0.6 (37.81) = 22.69 kN

i) Calculate VRd,c

200
𝑘 =1+ = 1.45 < 2.0 𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑚 ∴ 𝑂𝐾!
95

𝐴𝑠𝑙 262
𝜌𝑙 = = = 0.0028
𝑏𝑤 𝑑 1000 𝑥 95
1
𝑉𝑅𝑑,𝑐 = 0.12𝑘 100𝜌𝑙 𝑓𝑐𝑘 3 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 ≥ 𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑛
1
= 0.12 1.45 100 0.0028 30 3 1000 95 = 33.6 𝑘𝑁

𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.035 𝑘 3/2 𝑓𝑐𝑘 1/2 𝑏𝑤 𝑑

3 1
= 0.035 1.45 2 30 2 1000 𝑥 95 = 31.8 𝑘𝑁

VRd,c > Vmin

 Use VRd,c = 33.6 kN

 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

ii) Compare VEd with VRd,c

VEd (22.69 kN) < VRd,c (33.6 kN)

No shear reinforcement is required.

2. Deflection check

Check only at mid span with maximum moment

𝐴𝑠,𝑟𝑒𝑞 243
𝜌= = = 2.56 𝑥 10−3
𝑏𝑤 𝑑 1000 𝑥 95

𝜌0 = 30𝑥 10−3 = 5.48 𝑥 10−3

 < o

𝑙 𝜌𝑜 𝜌𝑜 3/2
= 𝐾 11 + 1.5 𝑓𝑐𝑘 + 3.2 𝑓𝑐𝑘 −1
𝑑 𝜌 𝜌
3
5.48 5.48 2
= 1.3 11 + 1.5 30 + 3.2 30 −1 = 64.92
2.56 2.56

From table 7.4N, K = 1.3 (one way continuous slab)

(i) Calculate the modification factor

310 500 500

= = = 1.08
𝜎𝑠 𝐴𝑠,𝑟𝑒𝑞 243
𝑓𝑦𝑘 500
𝐴𝑠,𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣 262

(ii) Calculate (L/d)allowable

𝐿 𝐿
= 𝑥 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝑑 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑑 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑐

𝐿
= 64.92 𝑥 1.08 = 70.1
𝑑 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

a) Calculate (L/d)actual

𝐿 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡𝑕 3000

= = = 31.6
𝑑 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑕 95

b) Compare with (L/d)actual with (L/d)allowable

(L/d)actual < (L/d)allowable

i) (L/d)actual ≤ (L/d)allowable – Beam is safe against deflection (OK!)

ii) (L/d)actual > (L/d)allowable - Beam is not safe against deflection (Fail!)

Therefore, beam is safe against deflection.

3. Crack check

i) h = 125 mm < 200 mm OK ! (Section 7.3.3 EC2)

 specific measures to control cracking is not necessary.

ii) Maximum bar spacing, smax,slabs (Section 9.3 EC2)

a) For main reinforcement:

Smax, slabs = 3h  400 mm = 375 mm
Actual bar spacing = 300 mm < Smax, slabs OK !

b) For transverse reinforcement:

Smax, slabs = 3.5h  450 mm = 437.5 mm
Actual bar spacing = 300 mm < Smax, slabs OK !
CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16
 CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB EXAMPLE 16

3. Draw the detailing.

H10-300 (T)

H10-300 (B)
H8-300 (B)

H8-300 (B)
H8-300 (B)

H10-300 (T) H10-300 (T)

H10-300 (B)
H8-300 (T)
T10-300 (B)

H8-300 (T)
Plan view
H10-300 (T) H10-300 (T) H10-300 (T)

H10-300 (B)
H8-300 (B)

Cross-section
CONTINUOUS ONE WAY SLAB APPENDIX A