MID-YEAR POPULATION

* usually the estimated population as of July 1 of the year for which the rate is being
computed
Formula:

Pmid-year = P1 + n/N * (P2-P1)

where;
P1 total population as of earlier census
P2 total population in a latter census
n number of months between P1 and desired mid-year population estimate
N total number of months elapsed between the two

Compute:

P1 32,521 05/01/2010 Date of Census

P2 36,606 08/01/2015 Date of Census
n 86 07/01/2017 Mid-year date
N 63
Pmid-year* 38,097

*Note: Please make sure that the date in your computer setting is
the same as the date setting of Excel (MM/dd/YYYY) to enable the
automatic computation of dates.
the rate is being

pulation estimate

P1 25,000
P2 125,000
n 50
N 63
Pmid-year** 104,365

**Manual Computation of months

 Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)
* it is the difference between the number of live births
and the number of deaths during the year.
Formula:

RNI = CBR - CDR

where;

CBR= Crude Birth Rate

CDR= Crude Death Rate

Compute:

CBR 26.5 per 1000 pop

CDR 7.5 per 1000 pop
RNI 19.00
 Compute for time (t) to be used for Population Estimation

Where : 1 Year = 365 days

Compute:

Start Date 8/1/2015

End Date 7/1/2017
time 1.92 year/s
 Population Growth Rate (PGR) Arithmetic Rate

* Population Growth Rate it is the rate at which population is increasing or decreasing due
to natural increase and netr migration, expressed as percentage of the base population.

* Arithmetic Growth refers to the situation where a population increase by a constant

number of persons (or other objects) in eacah period being analysed.

Formula:

r= (𝐏𝐭 −𝐏𝐨)/𝐭 ÷ Po *
100
where;
Pt is population in later period
Po is population in earlier period
t is time interval between the earlier
and later period or number of years
r is rate of growth

Compute:
Pt 68,616,536
Po 60,703,206
t 5.34
r 2.441217
or decreasing due
base population.

e by a constant
alysed.
 Population Estimation Using Arithmetic Rate

* Population Growth Rate it is the rate at which population is increasing or

decreasing due to natural increase and netr migration, expressed as
percentage of the base population.
* Arithmetic Growth refers to the situation where a population increase by a
constant number of persons (or other objects) in eacah period being
analysed.

Formula:

Pt = Po (1+rt)

where;
Pt is population in later period
Po is population in earlier period
t is time interval between the earlier and
later period or number of years
r is rate of growth

Compute:
Po 60,703,206
r 2.441217
t 5.34
Pt 68,616,536
to be changed
 Population Growth Rate (PGR) Geometric Formula

* Geometric Change refers to the situation where successive changes in a

poulation differ by a constant ratio (as distinct from a constant amount for
arithmetic change).

Formula:

𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐥𝐨𝐠 (𝐋𝐨𝐠 (𝐏𝐭/𝐏𝐨))/𝐭 - 1 * 100

r=

where;

Pt is population in later period

Po is population in earlier period
t is time interval between the earlier and later period
or number of years
r is rate of growth

Compute:

Pt 36,606
Po 32,521
t 5.25
r 2.28
 Population Estimation Using Geometric Formula

* Geometric Change refers to the situation where successive changes in a poulation differ b
constant ratio (as distinct from a constant amount for arithmetic change).

Formula:

Pt = Po (1 +r)
t

where;

Pt is population in later period

Po is population in earlier period
t is time interval between the earlier and later period or
number of years
r is rate of growth

Compute the Population Estimate:

Po 36,606
r 2.28
t 1.92
Pt 38,225
ric Formula

anges in a poulation differ by a

arithmetic change).
 Population Growth Rate (PGR) Exponential
Formula
* Exponential Change takes into account semi-annual or monthly compounding.
Compounding takes place continuously ( i.e. a constant rate of change is applied
at every infinitesimal of time. For a fixed period.

Formula:

��⁡〖𝐏𝐭 /𝐏𝐨 〗 /𝐭
r=

where;

Pt is population in later period

Po is population in earlier period
t is time interval between the earlier and later
period or number of years
r is rate of growth

Compute:

Pt 99,284,483
Po 88,574,614
t 4.9200
r 2.32
 compounding.
ange is applied
 Population Estimation Using Exponential Formula

* Exponential Change takes into account semi-annual or monthly compounding.

Compounding takes place continuously ( i.e. a constant rate of change is applied at e
infinitesimal of time. For a fixed period.

Formula:

Pt = Po e
rt

where;

Pt is population in later period

Po is population in earlier period
t is time interval between the earlier and later period or
number of years
r is rate of growth

Compute:

Po 88,574,614
r 2.32
t 4.92
Pt 99,284,483
 Formula

compounding.
nge is applied at every
 Population Doubling Time (DT)
* it has been found out that a population growing at least at the rate of
one (1) percent annually double its size in 69.3 years

Formula:
(𝟔𝟗.𝟑)/(𝐏𝐆𝐑 (%))
DT =

where;

PGR is Population Growth Rate

For example:

K 69.3
PGR 2.36
DT 29.36
 Sex Ratio

* refers to the composition of population with respect to age

and sex.

Formula:
�/𝐅 ∗𝟏𝟎𝟎
SR =

where;

M is the number of males

F is the number of females

Compute:

M 44,270
F 44,924
SR 98.54
 Total Dependency Ratio
* ratio of persons in the dependent ages (generally under age 15
and over age 64) to those economically productive ages (15-64
years) in the population.

Formula:
(𝐏𝟎−𝟏𝟒+𝐏𝟔𝟓&𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫)/(𝐏𝟏𝟓−𝟔𝟒)
TDR =
* 100

where;

P0-14 is the total population aged 0 to 14

P15-64 is the total population aged 15 to 64
P65&over is the total populaton aged 65 and over

Compute:

P0-14 12,363
P15-64 22,893
P65&over 1,352
TDR 59.91
 Child Dependency Ratio (CDR)
Formula:

(𝐏𝟎−𝟏𝟒)/(𝐏𝟏𝟓−𝟔𝟒) * 100
CDR =

where;

P0-14 is the trotal population aged 0 to 14

P15-64 is the total population aged 15 to 64

Compute:

P0-14 12,363
P15-64 22,893
CDR 54.00
Old Age Dependency Ratio

Formula:

OA =
(𝑷𝟔𝟓&𝒐𝒗𝒆𝒓)
/(𝑷𝟏𝟓−𝟔𝟒) *
100
where;

P65&over is total population aged 65 years old and over

P15-64 is total population aged 15-64 years old

Compute:
P15-64 22,893
P65&over 1,352
Old Age
Dependency
Ratio
5.91
 Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

* is the number of live births occuring among the population of a given

geographical area during the same year, per 1,000 mid-year total
population of the given geographical area during the same year.

Formula:

CBR =
�/𝑷 *
1000
where;

B number of births
P mid year population

Compute:

B 1,000
P 10,000
CBR 100.00
 Crude Death Rate (CDR)
* is the number of deaths occuring among the population of a given geographical
area during the same year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of the given
geographical area during the same year.

Formula:

CDR = �/𝑷 * 1000

where;

D is the number of death

P is the mid year population

Compute:

D 156
P 38,225
CDR 4.08
 Age Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR)
*is the number of live births per 1,000 women of the mean
population in the age group in question.

Formula:

ASFR =�/� * 1,000

where;

B number of births to reproductive women in specific age group

W number of women in the same age group

Compute:

B 166,743
W 3,334,850
ASFR 50.00
 Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
*is obtained by adding together fertility rates calculated
for one year.

Formula:

TFR = 5 ƩASFR

where;

ASFR is the age-specific fertility rate for age group I 15-49

B number of births to reproductive women in specific age group
W number of women in the same age group

Compute:

Age Group B W ASFR

15-19 500,000 12,000,000 0.04
20-24 1,000,000 15,000,000 0.07
25-29 1,000,000 15,000,000 0.07
30-34 1,000,000 15,000,000 0.07
35-39 1,000,000 15,000,000 0.07
40-44 1,000,000 15,000,000 0.07
45-49 1,000,000 15,000,000 0.07
ƩASFR = 0.441667
TFR 2.21