Discovering
Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Objec&ves
Overview
Define
the
term,
Explain
why
computer
computer,
and
describe
Describe
the
five
literacy
is
vital
to
the
rela;onship
components
of
a
success
in
today’s
world
between
data
and
computer
informa;on
Discuss
the
advantages
Define
the
term,
and
disadvantages
that
Discuss
the
uses
of
the
network,
and
iden;fy
users
experience
when
Internet
and
World
benefits
of
sharing
working
with
Wide
Web
resources
on
a
network
computers
See
Page
3
2
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
for
Detailed
Objec;ves
Objec&ves
Overview
Dis;nguish
between
system
Differen;ate
among
types,
Describe
the
role
of
each
soKware
and
applica;on
sizes,
and
func;ons
of
element
in
an
informa;on
soKware
computers
in
each
category
system
Explain
how
home
users,
Discuss
how
society
uses
small
office/home
office
computers
in
educa;on,
users,
mobile
users,
power
finance,
government,
health
users,
and
enterprise
users
care,
science,
publishing,
each
interact
with
travel,
and
manufacturing
computers
See
Page
3
3
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
for
Detailed
Objec;ves
A
World
of
Computers
• Computers
are
everywhere
Pages
4
-‐
5
4
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐1
What
Is
a
Computer?
• A
computer
is
an
electronic
device,
opera;ng
under
the
control
of
instruc;ons
stored
in
its
own
memory
Collects
Produces
data
Processing
informa&on
(input)
(output)
Informa&on
Processing
Cycle
Page
6
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
5
What
Is
a
Computer?
Page
6
6
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐2
The
Components
of
a
Computer
• A
computer
contains
many
electric,
electronic,
and
mechanical
components
known
as
hardware
Input
Device
• Allows
you
to
enter
data
and
instruc;ons
into
a
computer
Output
Device
• Hardware
component
that
conveys
informa;on
to
one
or
more
people
• Case
that
contains
the
electronic
components
of
the
computer
that
System
Unit
are
used
to
process
data
• Records
(writes)
and/or
retrieves
(reads)
items
to
and
from
storage
Storage
Device
media
Communica&ons
• Enables
a
computer
to
send
and
receive
data,
instruc;ons,
and
Device
informa;on
to
and
from
one
or
more
computers
or
mobile
devices
Pages
6
-‐
8
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
7
The
Components
of
a
Computer
Page
7
8
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐3
Advantages
and
Disadvantages
of
Using
Computers
Advantages
of
Disadvantages
of
Using
Computers
Using
Computers
Speed
Health
Risks
Reliability
Viola;on
of
Privacy
Consistency
Public
Safety
Storage
Impact
on
Labor
Force
Communica;ons
Impact
on
Environment
Pages
9
-‐
10
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
9
Advantages
and
Disadvantages
of
Using
Computers
• Green
compu&ng
involves
reducing
the
electricity
consumed
and
environmental
waste
generated
when
using
a
computer
• Strategies
include:
– Recycling
– Regula;ng
manufacturing
processes
– Extending
the
life
of
computers
– Immediately
dona;ng
or
properly
disposing
of
replaced
computers
Page
10
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
10
Networks
and
the
Internet
• A
network
is
a
collec;on
of
computers
and
devices
connected
together,
oKen
wirelessly,
via
communica;ons
devices
and
transmission
media
Pages
10
-‐
11
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
11
Figure
1-‐6
Networks
and
the
Internet
• The
Internet
is
a
worldwide
collec;on
of
networks
that
connects
millions
of
businesses,
government
agencies,
educa;onal
ins;tu;ons,
and
individuals
Page
11
12
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐7
Networks
and
the
Internet
• People
use
the
Internet
for
a
variety
of
reasons:
Communicate
Research
and
Shop
Bank
and
Invest
Online
Trading
Access
Informa&on
Entertainment
Download
Videos
Share
Informa&on
Web
Applica&on
Pages
12
-‐
13
13
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐8
Networks
and
the
Internet
• A
social
networking
Web
site
encourages
members
to
share
their
interests,
ideas,
stories,
photos,
music,
and
videos
with
other
registered
users
Page
14
14
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐9
Computer
SoUware
• SoUware,
also
called
a
program,
tells
the
computer
what
tasks
to
perform
and
how
to
perform
them
System
SoUware
• Opera;ng
system
• U;lity
program
Applica&on
SoUware
Pages
15
-‐
16
15
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figures
1-‐10
-‐
1-‐11
Computer
SoUware
• Installing
is
the
process
of
sebng
up
soKware
to
work
with
the
computer,
printer,
and
other
hardware
Pages
16
-‐
17
16
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐12
Computer
SoUware
• A
programmer
develops
soKware
or
writes
the
instruc;ons
that
direct
the
computer
to
process
data
into
informa;on
Page
18
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
17
Figure
1-‐13
Categories
of
Computers
Personal
computers
Mobile
computers
and
mobile
devices
Game
consoles
Servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers
Embedded
computers
Page
19
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
18
Personal
Computers
• A
personal
computer
can
perform
all
of
its
input,
processing,
output,
and
storage
ac;vi;es
by
itself
• Two
popular
architectures
are
the
PC
and
the
Apple
– Desktop
computer
Pages
19
-‐
20
19
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figures
1-‐15
-‐
1-‐16
Mobile
Computers
and
Mobile
Devices
Mobile
Mobile
Computer
Device
Personal
computer
you
Compu;ng
device
small
can
carry
from
place
to
enough
to
hold
in
your
place
hand
Examples
include
smart
Examples
include
phones
and
PDAs,
e-‐
notebook
computers,
book
readers,
handheld
laptop
computers,
computers,
portable
netbooks,
ultra-‐thins,
media
players,
and
and
Tablet
PCs
digital
cameras
Pages
20
-‐
23
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
20
Mobile
Computers
and
Mobile
Devices
Notebook
computer
Tablet
PC
Smart
phones
and
PDAs
E-‐book
reader
Pages
20
-‐
22
21
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figures
1-‐17
–
1-‐20
Mobile
Computers
and
Mobile
Devices
Handheld
computer
Portable
media
player
Digital
camera
Pages
22
-‐
23
22
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figures
1-‐21
–
1-‐23
Game
Consoles
• A
game
console
is
a
mobile
compu;ng
device
designed
for
single-‐player
or
mul;player
video
games
Page
24
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
23
Figure
1-‐24
Servers
• A
server
controls
access
to
the
hardware,
soKware,
and
other
resources
on
a
network
– Provides
a
centralized
storage
area
for
programs,
data,
and
informa;on
Page
25
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
24
Figure
1-‐25
Mainframes
• A
mainframe
is
a
large,
expensive,
powerful
computer
that
can
handle
hundreds
or
thousands
of
connected
users
simultaneously
Page
25
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
25
Figure
1-‐26
Supercomputers
• A
supercomputer
is
the
fastest,
most
powerful
computer
– Fastest
supercomputers
are
capable
of
processing
more
than
one
quadrillion
instruc;ons
in
a
single
second
Page
25
26
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐27
Embedded
Computers
• An
embedded
computer
is
a
special-‐purpose
computer
that
func;ons
as
a
component
in
a
larger
product
Consumer
Home
Automa;on
Process
Controllers
Computer
Devices
Automobiles
Electronics
Devices
and
Robo;cs
and
Office
Machines
• Mobile
and
digital
• Thermostats
• An;lock
brakes
• Remote
monitoring
• Keyboards
telephones
• Sprinkling
systems
• Engine
control
systems
• Printers
• Digital
televisions
• Security
modules
• Power
monitors
• Faxes
• Cameras
monitoring
• Airbag
controller
• Machine
• Copiers
• Video
recorders
systems
• Cruise
control
controllers
• DVD
players
and
• Appliances
• Medical
devices
recorders
• Lights
• Answering
machines
Page
26
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
27
Embedded
Computers
Page
26
28
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐28
Elements
of
an
Informa&on
System
Hardware
SoKware
Data
People
Procedures
Page
27
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
29
Elements
of
an
Informa&on
System
Page
27
30
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figure
1-‐29
Examples
of
Computer
Usage
Home
User
Small
Office/Home
Mobile
User
• Personal
financial
Office
User
• Connect
to
other
computers
management
• Look
up
informa;on
on
a
network
or
the
Internet
• Web
access
• Send
and
receive
e-‐mail
• Transfer
informa;on
• Communica;ons
messages
• Play
video
games
• Entertainment
• Make
telephone
calls
• Listen
to
music
• Watch
movies
Pages
28
–
31
31
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figures
1-‐30
–
1-‐32
Examples
of
Computer
Usage
Power
User
Enterprise
User
• Work
with
• Communicate
mul;media
among
employees
• Use
industry-‐specific
• Process
high
soKware
volumes
of
transac;ons
• Blog
Pages
31
–
32
32
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figures
1-‐33
–
1-‐34
Computer
Applica&ons
in
Society
Educa;on
Finance
Government
Health
Care
Pages
34
-‐
36
33
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figures
1-‐36
–
1-‐39
Computer
Applica&ons
in
Society
Science
Publishing
Travel
Manufacturing
Pages
36
-‐
38
34
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
Figures
1-‐40
–
1-‐43
Video:
Computer
History
in
a
Barn
CLICK
TO
START
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
35
Summary
Basic
computer
Components
of
a
concepts
computer
Many
different
Networks,
the
categories
of
Internet,
and
computers,
computer
computer
soKware
users,
and
computer
applica;ons
in
society
Page
39
Discovering
Computers
2012:
Chapter
1
36
Discovering
Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Chapter
1
Complete
