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Contribution of Early Thinkers of Sociology: Auguste Comte

The document summarizes the contributions of early thinkers of sociology, including Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Harriet Martineau. It notes that Comte is considered the founder of sociology and established problems of social order/stability and social change. It describes Spencer's work on social evolution and organic analogy. It highlights Marx's conflict theory and focus on class struggle. It discusses Durkheim's work on suicide rates and social integration. It summarizes Weber's focus on economics, culture, religion, and their interplay. It identifies Martineau as the first woman sociologist and her work translating Comte and examining social institutions.

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yousuf Ahmed
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316 views2 pages

Contribution of Early Thinkers of Sociology: Auguste Comte

The document summarizes the contributions of early thinkers of sociology, including Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Harriet Martineau. It notes that Comte is considered the founder of sociology and established problems of social order/stability and social change. It describes Spencer's work on social evolution and organic analogy. It highlights Marx's conflict theory and focus on class struggle. It discusses Durkheim's work on suicide rates and social integration. It summarizes Weber's focus on economics, culture, religion, and their interplay. It identifies Martineau as the first woman sociologist and her work translating Comte and examining social institutions.

Uploaded by

yousuf Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Yousuf Ahmed Siddiqui Registration no: 38883

Assignment:

Contribution of Early Thinkers of Sociology


The Contribution of Earlier Thinkers of Sociology Are As Follows;

 Auguste Comte:
He Was The First Thinker Who Realized The Need For A Distinct Science Of Human Society. He Is
Regarded As The Father Of Sociology. He Is Regarded As The Father Not Because Of His
Significant Contributions To The Subject But Because Of Creating Sociology As A Science Of
Society Or Science Of Human Behavior. He Wrote Many Books Such As Positive Philosophy,
System Of Positive Polity, And Religion Of Humanity Etc. He Established Two Scientific Problems
For Sociological Investigations.

1) Social Statics: It Refers To The Problem Of Order And Stability.

2) Social Dynamics: It Refers To The Problem Of Social Change-What Make Societies Change.

 Herbert Spencer:
He Was Recognized As One Of The Important Social Philosophers Of The 19th Century. He Was
Much More Precise Than Comte In Specifying Special Fields For Which Sociology Must Take
Responsibility. He Is Believed To Be The Most Notable Exponent Of Social Evolution. He Is Also
Considered As The Father Of Classical Evolutionists. By 1850, He Had Completed His First Major
Work, “Social Statics”. He Is Famous, For His Theory of Social Evolution And Organismic Analogy
In The Study Of Sociology. Some Of His Important Writings Are:

(I) Principles of Ethics


(Ii) Synthetic Philosophy
(Iii) Principles of Sociology
(Iv) Social Statics
(V) Principle of Biology
(Vi)The Study of Sociology

 Karl Maxx:
He Is Famous Prussian Political Economist, Journalist And Is Considered To Be One Of The
Founding Thinker Of Sociology. He Is The Founder Of Conflictive Perspective, Believed That
Class Conflict The Struggle Between Proletariat And The Bourgeoisie Was The Key Human
History. He Was The Most Important Of The 19th Century Thinkers. He Wrote Brilliantly On
Subjects as Board and Diverse As Philosophy, Economic, Political Sciences and History. He Never
Claim Himself To Be A Sociologist, But His Work Is So Rich In Sociological Insights That He Is Now
Regarded As One Of The Most Profound And Original Sociological Thinkers.
 Emile Durkheim:
He Played An Important Role In The Development Of Sociology. His Goal Was To Get Sociology
Recognized As A Separate Academic Discipline. He Studied Suicide Rates Among Different
Groups And Concluded That Social Integration, The Degree To Which People Are Tied To Their
Social Groups, Was A Key Social Factor In Suicide. Durkheim Concern Was That Social Research
Must Be Practical, Sociologists Should Not Only Diagnose The Causes Of The Social Problems
But Should Also Develop Solutions For Them. His Opinion Was That Social Disorders Were Not
The Necessary Parts Of The Modern World And Could Be Reduced By Social Reforms. Some Of
the Important Works of Durkheim’s Are The Following.
(I) The Suicide
(Ii)The Social Division of Labor
(Iii)The Elementary Forms of Religious Life

 Max Weber:
Max Weber Was Considered One Of The Founder Of Sociology.Weber Is Remembered As A
Prolific Social Theorist Who Focused On Economics, Culture, Religion, Politics, And The Interplay
Among Them. Weber Made A Very Important Contribution To The Way We Understand How
People And Institutions Come To Have Authority In Society, How They Keep It, And How It
Influences Our Lives. Max Weber Advocated That Sociological Research Should Be Value Free.
He Argued That Sociologists Should Use Verstehen In Order To See Beyond The Social Facts To
The Meanings That People Attach To Their Own Behavior.

 Harriet Martineau:
Harriet Martineau Is Considered The First Woman Sociologist. In 1853, She Was The First To
Translate August Comte's Work From French To English. It Is Through This Translation That
English-Speaking Scholars Could Begin To Learn The Works Of Comte, Who Is Known As The
Father Of Sociology. She Emphasized The Importance Of Examining Political, Religious, And
Social Institutions. Martineau Believed That By Studying Society In This Way, One Could Deduce
Why Inequality Existed, Particularly That Faced By Girls And Women. She Was The One Who
Believed In Social Laws And The Progressive Evolution Of Society.

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