Index

SL No. Contents

1 INTRODUCTION

2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE

3 PROJECT APPRECIATION

4 DESIGN STANDARDS

5 METHODOLOGY

6 SUMMARY AT A GLANCE

7 HYDRAULICS

8 GEOTECHNICAL REPORT

9 BRIDGE DESIGN

1 0RATE ANALYSIS

11 QUANTITY ESTIMATE

12 COST ESTIMATE

13 DRAWINGS

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

This Detailed Design Report of Bridges is submitted in accordance with requirements of the Terms
of Reference for Consultancy Services for Preparation of Detailed Project Report under the clause
of “Reports & Documents to be prepared by the Consultants”. This Detailed Design Report of
Bridges presents the basic approach and methodology for detailed design and it contains the
finding of the detailed reconnaissance and inventory surveys of the bridge site. The road has been
constructed under NABARD SCHEME leaving an un-bridged gap over several Stream/nallah
(perennial or non-perennial) in the district of Nalanda. Since, all naval connectivity has not been
provided to the concerned habitations; hence construction of this bridge is necessary to provide
all weather connectivity. Therefore this DPR for bridge has been prepared.

This report is divided into the following major sections:

 Introduction

 Socio Economic Profile

 Project Appreciation

 Design Standards

 Methodology

 Summary at a Glance

 Hydraulics

 Geotechnical Report

 Bridge Design

 Rate Analysis

 Quantity Estimate

 Cost Analysis

 Drawings

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 Chapter 1:
INTRODUCTION

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

1. INTRODUCTION:

A nation’s socio-economic cultural growth rate is mainly dependent on its speedy, safe, economic,
comfortable and efficient transport system and in particular road transport system which facilities
door service. India has about 8.25 lakh villages of various population sizes. But, absence of a well
knit road network has caused lack of basic facilities such as education, medical assistance,
banking, recreational, employment potentiality, inward transport of agriculture and forestry
products, live stocks and their products in and/or around most of the villages. India has essentially
a rural-oriented economy with 75% of population living in villages. So, it is essential to connect all
villages/habitations with all weather roads to improve the rural connectivity. Rural road
connectivity is a key component of rural development and thereby generating increased
agriculture incomes and productive employment opportunities, socioeconomic transformation,
elimination of the disparity between rural and urban population and bringing about urban-rural
integration. By the year 2000, out of 8.25 lakh villages 3.3 lakh villages were without any all-
weather roads.

Rural Works Department, Government of Bihar decided to start reconstruction of Roads and
Bridge work, funded by NABARD. At the Nalanda District level, Biharsharif PIU Division are
responsible for implementing the NABARD SCHEME.

A. Project background

Rural Works Department, Govt. of Bihar has awarded the work to the Biharsharif PIU Division
of Nalanda District who has been appointed Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd. as a
consultant to prepare the Detailed Project Report.

B. Objectives
The objectives of the consultancy services would be to carry out detailed design, bidding
documents and assistance in bidding process of the bridges identified by the Rural Works
Department of Government of Bihar in-coordination with different concern PIU.

Primary Tasks:-

I. The Scope of Services shall cover but not be limited to the following major tasks:

a. Review of all available reports and published information about the project bridges and the
project influence area.

b. Review of the DPRs of the road links for which bridges are being considered.

c. Collect relevant secondary data pertaining to traffic as available and carry out additional
studies as may be needed traffic studies including traffic surveys and demand forecasting.

d. Inventory and condition surveys for existing bridges, cross-drainage structures and drainage
provisions and identification of new construction of works.

e. Topographic and Hydrographic surveys using precision instruments as may be acceptable.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

f. Soil and geotechnical investigations at bridge sites.

g. Exploration and selection of construction materials.

h. Detailed design of bridges and cross drainage structures for which the consultants will be
required to do the following:

 Study and assess adequacy of drainage system.

 Inventory and detailed condition surveys for bridges and other cross drainage
structures in case of existing roads.

 Conduct traffic study analysis & forecast for next 10 years and conduct at least 3
days traffic count.

 Identification of sources of construction material (Attach quarry charts etc).

 Conduct topographic survey at detailed engineering sections for collecting all

information for designing all works.

 Carry out detailed engineering design for the bridge structures and all vented
causeways along the project corridor. Conduct sub-soil investigations pertaining to
the structures as follows:

 For slab/ Box culvert one trail pits each.

 Vented causeways and bridge 2 trail pits.

 If exposed rock is available, no trail pit is required.

 Prepare cost estimate for proposed work based on schedule of rates. For items not
covered by schedule the same be accompanied by the analysis.

 Based on detailed survey and investigation prepare detailed engineering drawing

including working drawing.

 Suggest water-conserving structures on CDs/ vented causeways wherever feasible

(and give their detailed design).

 Project costing.

 Reports, bidding documents and drawings.

 Environmental studies required obtaining necessary clearances, if any.

II. The tasks defined above and all other tasks related to the preparation of DPRs shall be as
per the relevant specifications such as MoRTH/ MoRD and IRC/ BIS publications for rural
roads.

III. The standalone bridges to be covered immediately have been identified by the RWD/ PIU
Govt. of Bihar. The Consultant would take up the preparation of the DPR for these
standalone bridges as advised by the CONSULTANTS. The priority of the standalone
Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.
 bridges to be taken up for design and implementation would also be identified as advised
by the CONSULTANTS.

IV. The detailed project report prepared by the Consultant shall, inter-alia, include detailed
design of bridges and cross drainage structures , quantities of various items, detailed
drawings, detailed cost estimates, and documents (including technical specifications)
required for tendering the project roads for national competitive bidding.

V. The DPR tasks shall also include preparation of prequalification documents as per
Government/ Funding Agency Guidelines.

VI. While carrying out the field studies, investigations and design, the development plans
being implemented or proposed for future implementation by the local bodies, should be
taken into account. Such aspects should be clearly brought out in the reports and
drawings.

VII. The consultants would also render assistance, in regard to the identification and selection
of Construction Packages, evaluation of Contractors’ prequalification applications and
evaluation of Contractors’ bid for the road and bridge packages. These tasks would have
to be carried out as per the existing guidelines of the Government of Bihar and other
Government Agencies involved in the development of road infrastructure in the country.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 Chapter 2:
SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE:
At the inception stage of the study it is deemed necessary to understand the basic potential and
intricacies of the economic growth of the state and district in terms of it’s structural changes,
inter-sectoral growth and linkages, distribution of resources (natural and manmade), future
development plans and challenges and the resulting demand for infrastructure, including the
financial constraints.

STATE OF BIHAR AND NALANDA DISTRICT AT A GLANCE

(Bihar State at a Glance)

Bihar falls in the tropical to sub tropical region. Rainfall here is the most significant factor in
determining the nature of vegetation. Bihar has monsoon with an average annual rainfall of 1200
mm.

The state is located in the eastern part of the country (between 21°-58'-10' ~ 27°-31'-15" latitude
and 82°-19'-50" ~ 88°-17'-40" longitude). It is an entirely land–locked state, although the outlet to
the sea through the port of Kolkata is not far away.

The state of Bihar, with an area of 94,163 sq kms approximately, has a population of 8,28,78,796
persons as per 2001 Census. Till 1991 Census, the composite state of Bihar was the second most
populous state in the country (containing a little more than 10% of the country’s population), next
only to Uttar Pradesh. However, after bifurcation of the state of Bihar and creation of the new
state of Jharkhand, the rank of Bihar (population wise) among the states of India has slipped
down to the third, the states of Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra occupying the first and the
second positions respectively.

According to the 2001 census the state of Bihar has a sex ratio of 1000 males to 921 females.

The topography of Bihar can be easily described as a fertile alluvial plain occupying the Gangetic
Valley. Rich farmlands and lush orchards extend throughout the state. Following are the major
crops: paddy, wheat, lentils, sugarcane and jute (hemp, related to the marijuana plant, but a
source of tough fibers for "gunny bags"). Also, cane grows in the wild marshes of West
Champaran. The principal fruits are: mangoes, banana, jackfruit and litchis. Bihar has some of the
very few areas besides China, which produce litchi.

Bihar state is also rich in Minerals as it has good reserves of Steatite, Pyrites, Quartzite, Crude,
and Mica & Limestone.

The climate of Bihar is a part of the climatic pattern of the Indian subcontinent. It enjoys a
continental monsoon type of climate owing to its great distance from the sea.

Bihar is richly endowed with water resources, both the ground water resource and the surface
water resource. Not only by rainfall but it has considerable water supply from the Streams, which
flow within the territory of the State. Ganga is the main Stream, which is joined by tributaries
with their origin in the Himalayas. Some of them are Saryu (Ghaghra), Gandak, Budhi Gandak,
Bagmati, Kamla-Balan and Mahananda.
Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.
 There are some other Streams that originate from the platue area and meet Ganges or its
associate Streams after flowing towards north. Some of them are Sone, Uttari Koyal, Punpun,
Panchane and Karmnasha.

The total number of person’s returned, as literate in Bihar in 2001 Census is 39392292. Males
greatly outnumber females, as among the total literates 23761431 are males and 13223992
females, that is to say, for every 2 literate males there is only 1 literate female.

Main industries of the state relate to Coal, Sugar, Petroleum Refinery Products, Railway Wagons,
Finished Steel and Pig Iron etc.

Detailed map of Bihar state is given below:

FIG: Districts of Bihar

District at a Glance

Nalanda, is famous all over the world for the the ancient International Monastic
University established in 5th century BC, which taught Vedas, Logic, Grammar, Medicine,
Meta-Physics, Prose Composition and Rhetoric. Nalanda district is popularly known as
Biharsharif. The rivers Phalgu, and Mohane flows through the district of Nalanda. The
various sub divisions of the district are Biharsharif , Rajgir , and Hilsa. The district is
divided into blocks of Giriyak, Rahui, Nursarai, Harnaut, Chandi, Islampur, Rajgir,
Asthawan, Sarmera, Hilsa, Biharsharif, Ekangarsarai, Ben, Nagarnausa, Karaiparsurai,
Silao, Parwalpur, Katrisarai, Bind, and Tharthari. It is spread over the area of 2,367 sq.
kms. The total population of the district is 19,97,995.
Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.
Agriculture is the main source of occupation. The farmers mainly grow paddy, apart
from it they grow Potato, and Onion. Few people of the district are also involved in
handloom weaving. Since the district is a famous tourist destination, tourism plays a
vital role in the economy of Nalanda.

Nalanda district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the state of Bihar in India. Bihar
Sharif is the administrative headquarters of this district. It is currently a part of the Red
Corridor.

Geography

Nalanda district occupies an area of 2,355 square kilometres (909 sq mi), comparatively
equivalent to Canada's Cornwall Island. The Phalgu, Mohane, Jirayan, and Kumbhari
rivers flow through it. The district is a part of Patna Division.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Nalanda district has a population of 2,872,523, roughly
equal to the nation of Jamaica or the US state of Kansas. This gives it a ranking of 134th
in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 1,220 inhabitants
per square kilometre (3,200 /sq mi) Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-
2011 was 21.18 %. Nalanda has a sex ratio of 921 females for every 1000 males, and
a literacy rate of 66.41 %.

Economy

A newly setup Ordnance Factory, one of the 41 Indian Ordnance Factories has been set
up by the Ministry of Defence,Government of India to manufacture artillery shells at
Nalanda. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Nalanda one of the country's
250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[10] It is one of the 36 districts in
Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme
(BRGF).

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DISTRICT AT A GLANCE
HQ Biharsharif (known as Nalanda district)
Area 2,367 sq. kms.

Population Total 23,68,327 Males 12,36,467 Females 11,31,860

Population
1006 per sq km
Density

Sex Ratio 915

Sub Divisions Biharsharif, Rajgir, Hilsa.

Giriyak, Rahui, Nursarai, Harnaut, Chandi, Islampur, Rajgir, Asthawan, Sarmera, Hilsa, Biharsharif,
Blocks
Ekangarsarai, Ben, Nagarnausa, Karaiparsurai, Silao, Parwalpur, Katrisarai, Bind, Tharthari.

Agriculture Rich Paddy Fields, Potato, Onion.

Industry Handloom weaving.
Rivers Phalgu, Mohane.

Details of Sub-divisions, Anchal, Halkas and Revenue Villages:

No. of
Revenue No. of No. of
S.No Revenue
Division Anchals Halkas
Villages

1 Bihar Sharif 7 51 429

2 Hilsa 8 22 198
3 Rajgir 5 46 457
Total 20 119 1084

Details of Local Bodies:

The detailed account regarding the number of the local bodies is as below:

Sl. No. Classification of Municipal and Local Bodies Number

1 Corporation 1
2 Blocks 20
3 Nagar Panchayats 4
4 Village Panchayat 249

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 Chapter 3:
PROJECT APPRECIATION

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 3 . PROJECT APPRECIATION:

.A Introduction
In order to assess and appreciate the present status of various bridges, hereafter termed as
Project Bridges, under the consultancy services, site inspection of the project bridges have been
carried out by a number of teams comprising of the Team Leader, Highway Engineer, Bridge
Engineer to enable the consultants to evolve their approach towards satisfactory and successful
implementation of the services and to formulate the methodology to carry out all activities and
sub activities in the field, i.e. field studies, surveys and investigations, data collection and its
analysis, analysis of various parameters for drawings, design, evaluation, costing, as well as
environmental, and social impacts and their management. The project appreciation has been
carried out for all the project bridges, to have a first hand knowledge of the ground conditions.

.B Collection of Secondary Data & Desk Study

Consultants carried out a quick desk-study of all project bridges, before taking up of primary
surveys. Consultants have collected available data/ information and published documents for
better understanding of the project bridges and Project Influence Area. The topography and
degree maps of bridges are collected from Survey of India, Kolkata. Consultants have collected
following documents from various organizations.

 Bridge location maps: Details of Bridge Location, Catchment area it covers.

 Socio-economic data: Statistical abstracts for the State and Nalanda District.
 Schedule of Rate with analysis, Rural Works Department, Bihar

.C Project Bridges Appreciation

From 25th August, 2014 onwards, Consultants team comprising of various key professionals have
started the reconnaissance surveys and data collection broadly pertaining to bridge inventory, site
condition, Geographical data etc. The site appreciation of various project bridges has been
discussed in the following sub-paras.

I. Location of Project Bridges:

The project bridge to be constructed under Biharsharif PIU Division of Nalanda district in the state
of Bihar which is verified by the concerned PIU and the list is as follows:-
Proposed Bridge
Sl. Name of the sanctioned Name of
District Block Length by PIU
No. Bridge the Stream
(RM)
Construction of RCC Bridge in
Panchane
1 Nalanda Rahui River Near Tufanganj in NH 31 to 25.00 m
Tufanganj Road.
River
Construction of RCC Bridge in
Panchane River near Itasang Panchane
2 Nalanda Rahui 20.00 m
Village in Biharsarif- Rahui Road River
To Itasang Bhadaba Road.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 Proposed Bridge
Sl. Name of the sanctioned Name of
District Block Length by PIU
No. Bridge the Stream
(RM)
Construction of RCC Bridge over
PancanaI
3 Nalanda Rahui Panchane River in Village Dihra in 30.00 m
Nadi
Bhaganbigha- Rahui Path..
Construction of RCC Bridge over
Panchane
4 Nalanda Rahui Panchane River in Amba To 45.00 m
River
Rahui Path
Construction of RCC Bridge over
5 Nalanda Biharsarif Jirain River in Barsati Bartar to Jirain River 110.00 m
Dhunki Bigha (Paroha) Path.
Construction of RCC over Jirain
6 Nalanda Biharsarif River between Pedhuka and Jirain River 110.00 m
Devkali Bigha Gram.
Construction of RCC Bridge over Gordhua
7 Nalanda Biharsarif 25.00 m
Gordhua River near Gajpur Gram. River
Construction of RCC Bridge over
Goithawa
8 Nalanda Rahui Goithawa River near Pitojiya 38.00 m
River
Gram.

II. Condition of Bridge Site

As mentioned elsewhere in this report, reconnaissance and inventory is completed for the entire
bridge site. The consultants had carried out the following surveys and the data is filled in
specified formats given in IRC publications.

 Inventory and Condition Survey of Existing Bridges (SP 19)

 Summary of Bridge Inventory (SP 19)

 Inventory and Condition of Bridges (SP 19)

Extracts from these surveys are presented in sub sequent pages.

 Location:

The bridge will be constructed in Rahui, Biharsharif Block over several nallah/Stream (perennial or
non- perennial) connecting roads as mentioned in the above table. The bridge location is
proposed where the Stream alignment is straight.

 Topography

Generally site of the bridge connecting village road falls in the category of plain terrain in visible.

 Geometry

Consulting with the respective PIU, it has been decided that the carriageway of the bridge will be
5.5 m with RCC railing on both sides.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 Chapter 4:
DESIGN STANDARDS

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

4. DESIGN STANDARDS:

.A General
Design standards are one of the key factors as it has bearing on various project aspects such as
engineering, cost, economics and most importantly social and environmental issues relevant to
the project. To the extent possible, the project standards will be based on Indian Road Congress
(IRC) Codes. The purpose of establishing the design standards is not to establish the new design
criterion but to adopt uniform set of standards applicable to the project. The formulation of the
design standards is required in order to avoid any inconsistency in design and to provide desirable
level of service and safety. Also, it is necessary to finalize the design standards and cross-sections
for bridges at this stage itself, so that, it will serve as a guide for detailed designs.

.B Specifications
For this project it is proposed to follow the latest guide lines/circulars of MoRD / MoRTH and
relevant publications of the Indian road Congress (IRC), and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). For
aspects not covered by IRC and BIS, international standard practices may be adopted. All
notations, abbreviations and symbols used in the reports, documents and drawings shall be as per
IRC: 71. The structural planning of the bridge should be aesthetically pleasing and the form
selected for design will be that considered to be the most suitable and cost effective. Design of all
proposed structures will be in accordance with the provisions of the following IRC Codes:

 IRC:5-1998 - Section I, General Features of Design

 IRC:6-2000 - Section II, Loads and Stresses

 IRC:18-2000 - Design Criteria for Prestressed Concrete Road Bridges

 IRC:21-2000 - Section III, Cement Concrete (Plain & Reinforced)

 IRC:22-1986 -Section VI, Composite Construction

 IRC:40-2002 -Section IV, Brick, stone & Block Masonry

 IRC: 45-1972 -Recommendations for estimating the Resistance of soil Below

Maximum Scour level in the Design of Well Foundations of Bridges.

 IRC:78-2000 -Section VII, Foundations and Structure

 IRC:83-1999 - Section IX,(Part 1), Metallic Bearings

 IRC:83-1987 - Section IX,{Part II), Elastomeric Bearings

 IRC:83-2002 - Section IX,(Part III), POT Bearings

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.
  IRC:87-1984 - Guidelines for the Design & Erection of False work
for Road Bridges

 IRC:SP-33-1989 - Guidelines on Supplemental Measures for Design,

Detailing and Durability of Important Bridge Structures

 IRC: SP-13-2004 – Guidelines for The Design of Small Bridges and Culverts.

 IRC: 89-1997 - Guidelines for Design and Construction of Stream training and
control works for road bridges (1st Revision).

 Loading
Various components of new structures will be designed for one lane of IRC Class 70R loading,
two / three lanes of IRC Class A loading, whichever governs with due considerations to
reduction allowed for multi lane loadings. Effects of temperature changes, wind etc will be
considered as per IRC-6-2000.
Footpaths, wherever required, shall be designed for a load of 5 kN/sqm.

 Seismic Analysis
The proposed bridges and culverts fall in seismic Zone IV, as per the classification specified in
IRC: 6-2000.

 Soil Parameters for Backfill

Soil parameters proposed to be taken for the back fill material behind abutments are:

Φ<= 30°


δ= 20°


γ d = 18 KN/ m3


γ sub = 8 KN/ m3

Suitable filters will also be used.

The design of foundations for the bridges and culverts will be based on the soil & hydraulic
data obtained from PWD / subsoil exploration done independently.

 Foundations
Depending upon the hydraulic & soil data, collected from subsoil investigations, the foundations
can be open, shallow or deep and design will be in accordance with the provisions of IRC-78.

 Substructure
Substructure is proposed to be in reinforced concrete.

 Superstructure
Appropriate superstructure will be proposed for each location, bearing in mind the type and
Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.
appearance of the existing structure, if any. In general, proposals will be as follows:
 Span up to 10m in length: Reinforced concrete solid slab.
 Spans ranging from 10m to 25m: PSC solid slab / PSC voided slab/RCC T-beam and
slab.
 For larger spans: Prestressed concrete /T-beam /Box type superstructure.

 Bearings
Depending upon the span, loads, forces and moments the bearings may be tar paper,
elastomeric, metallic or POT/PTFE type.

 Railings
Reinforced concrete railings in M-30 grade concrete, in accordance with MOSRT&H standard
drawings, will be provided.

 Expansion Joints
In accordance with the requirement for gap width to be covered, a suitable expansion joint
system will be proposed e.g. buried joints, strip seal (unitary / modular) joints. In general
MOSRT&H's Standard details will be adopted / followed.

 Wearing Course
A wearing course of 56mm thickness (comprising of 2 layers of 25mm thick bituminous
concrete with an overlay of 6 mm thick mastic asphalt) will be provided.

 Approach Slab
Reinforced concrete approach slabs, 3.5m long and 300 mm thick, in M30 grade concrete at
either end of the bridge or culvert will be proposed, with one end supported on the
reinforced concrete bracket projecting out from the dirt wall and the other end resting over
the soil, in accordance with the guidelines issued by MOSRT&H. A leveling course, 15 cm
thick, in M-15 grade concrete will also be proposed to be laid under the approach slab.

 Drainage Spouts
Drainage spouts will be proposed in accordance with MOSRT&H standard plans.

 Protection Works
Details of protection works provided for the existing bridges will be studied and new
proposals framed, taking account of the behavior of the existing protection works.

 HYSD Reinforcement
Grade designation Fe-415, conforming to IS: 1786 will be provided.

 Prestressed Cables
Uncoated, stress relieved, low relaxation strands conforming to IS: 14268 will be proposed to
be used. This will avoid grouping of cables and also reduce the number of cables.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 Prestressing Stages
As far as possible, two stage prestressing will be proposed.

.C HFL Data and fixing of Finished Road Level (FRL)

HFL data has been collected from available past records, local inquiries and visible signs and
comparing all data the reasonable value has been taken for hydraulic calculations.
Hydrological and hydraulic studies shall be carried out in accordance with IRC special
publication NO. 13 (“Guide lines for the design of small bridges and culverts”) and IRC: 5-1985
(“Standard Specifications & Code of Practice for Road Bridges, section I-General Features of
Design”). After detailed Hydraulic calculations, FRL will be fixed.

.D Cross Section of Bridge

Consulting the respective PIU, following cross-section has been finalized for the proposed
bridge.

Carriageway
5.500 m
0.45m

6.400 m
Fig 1: Showing C/S of Superstructure of the Bridge
he

Carriageway of the bridge has been finalized as 5.500 m as the motorised vehicle (traffic) is
more than 100. RCC Railing will be provided on both sides of carriageway. The overall
width will be 6.400 m. 2% Bi-directional camber and adequate no. of drainage spouts will
be provided for proper drainage.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 Chapter 5:
METHODOLOGY

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

5. METHODOLOGY

General
After an in-depth appraisal of the TOR, we have developed a sequential, systematic and
comprehensive methodology for achieving realistic and technically sound results within the
given time frame. This chapter highlights the consultant’s approach and methodology to
carryout the consultancy services for the preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR). While
developing the methodology, the main emphasis has been to (i) innovativeness of the
approach and methodology; and (ii) suitability of proposed methodology. In order to achieve
the objectives of the study, the Consultant propose to carryout the efforts in a phased manner,
which is logically sequenced as per the various activities presented in TOR. The services will be
carried out in 4 levels as listed below: Stage-I: Inception Report, Stage-II: Design Report
(Final), Stage-III Bid Documents and assistance in bidding process.

Stage-I: Inception Report

I. Mobilization:
To better understand the project requirements, key personnel have been mobilized to site on
01th Sep, 2014. Reconnaissance survey and collection of secondary data has already been
completed. Other project staff, non-key personnel and support staff, has been mobilized as per
the proposed work program and manning schedule. All activities are being carried out as per
the schedule. Upon reaching the site, consultants had interaction with PIU (Nalanda) and
respective Assistant Engineers and Junior Engineers to discuss various issues and to identify the
proposed bridge location. Based on the discussions, reconnaissance survey and inventory
survey the consultants have prepared this Inception Report.

II. Reconnaissance Survey

Reconnaissance Survey of the proposed bridge site has been done on
Observations from Reconnaissance Survey:
 Name of road:
 Block:
 Name of Stream/Nallah:
 Nature of the Stream: Perennial /Non- Perennial/Seasonal
 Linear Waterway at present:
 Waterway during Flood:
 Stream Flow:
 Existing Bridge (U/S or D/S): Yes/No
 If there is no bridge then nearest bridge length
within 5 km from proposed location :
Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.
 Existing Bridge Length on proposed location:
 Span Arrangement of Existing Bridge:
 Height of the existing bridge w.r.t bed level (m):
 Width of Stream:
 Stream alignment near Bridge site:
 Terrain condition: Plain in visible.
 Type of soil of Stream bed:
 HFL:
 OFL:
 Condition of Road:
 Embankment Height at Bridge Location from OGL:
 Abutment Location: Abutment location should be in well enough distance from the bank
line considering the location of the Bridge.
 Length of Bridge:
 Proposed Bridge Type:
 Span Arrangement of Proposed Bridge:
 Foundation of the Proposed Bridge:

Stage-II: Design Report

In order to save time, the consultant has already taken up topographic survey at early stage of
services. The main objective of the survey is to acquire required data for detailed hydraulic
calculations as well as fixing the suitable bridge alignment and approach road. Survey for all
details is being carried out using Total Station so as to get X, Y, Z co-ordinates of all details
falling in the corridor of survey. Topographical Surveys for additional areas around bridge site
will be carried out so as to enable proper designing of bridges.

I. Topographical and hydrological Survey :

Methodology used:
 Fixation of proposed bridge alignment with the help of concerned departmental official.
 Taking cross section of Stream at the proposed alignment, 300m upstream & 300m
downstream for the Streams of width less than 150m and 500m upstream & 500m
downstream for the Streams of width 150m or more. Cross section to be extended beyond
50m from HFL.
 Taking longitudinal section at an interval of 10m.
 Recording of HFL, OFL, EWL, LBL, and velocity of water.
 Determination of HFL by local enquiry based on living memory of major flood or from the
record book of gauging station of Central Water Commission.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

  Direction of flow.
 Connection of level from the reference pillar of PWD / nearest GTS bench mark. In case of
unavailability arbitrary level may be taken from existing bridge or other permanent objects
very nearer to site.
 Conducting Topographic Survey covering a corridor width of 50m for the approach road for a
length of 100m on either side from the site.
 Taking cross section of approach road at an interval of 25m.
 Coordinating(X, Y, and Level) and showing all the features in the area likely to have an impact
on the design.
 Reference pillar (minimum 3 nos. at each side) to be constructed very nearer to the
proposed bridge site. The size of pillar will be of 200x200x450mm. 300mm will be below the
ground level. The pillars to be grouted properly painted and numbered.
 TBMs (minimum 2 nos. at each side) to be kept at nearby permanent structure with proper
description.

Instruments being used for Topographical Survey:

The consultants are fully aware that the high standards are aimed at for project preparation
and therefore, latest instruments of high accuracy are being used for survey.
 Total Stations-Total Stations of Sokkia/Topcon/Leica or equivalent of least count of 1” with
angular accuracy of 1 second and distance accuracy of 2mm (+ or – 2ppm) and a range of
2.5km are being used for Topographical Survey work.
 Digital levels-Latest Digital levels of Leica/Sokkia make of series NA2000 or equivalent with
standard deviation of 0.9mm per 1km double run leveling using bar coded staves with least
count of 0.1mm.
 Hand held GPS-GPS co-ordinates for each Bridge are being recorded.

II. Rainfall Data

 Rainfall data will be collected for each catchment area, from gauges located in the
catchment area and vicinity, covering:
 Daily rainfall for all the rain gauging stations in the project area
 Maximum two months annual rainfall and rainfall distribution in the area
 Maximum rainfall intensity of 1 hour and 0.5 hour and frequency, with return periods of 50
years and 100 years, if available.

III. Traffic Surveys

Traffic study for the requirement of the bridge design shall be carried out as per the guidelines
mentioned in TOR. For survey purpose guidelines listed in IRC: SP-20 will be followed.
 The road is a “low-volume” rural road and as such no detailed traffic surveys are envisaged.
However, 24 hours continuous and both direction would have to be carried out to asses the
traffic volume characteristics.
 The vehicle classification system as given in IRC shall be followed.
Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.
 All results will be presented in Tabular formats.
 The consultant will obtain the axle load survey data from the commodity movement surveys
for various vehicle categories using the relationships available in the published literature,
particularly those in the IRC journals.

IV. Geotechnical Investigations and Sub-Soil Exploration

Geotechnical Investigations and Sub-Soil exploration shall be carried out as per the guidelines
mentioned in TOR.
 The wealth of information in respect of foundation parameters for the design of foundations
for bridges and also the type of bridges and other relevant details in the project area
available with concerned departments may be used for reference.
 The sub-soil investigations shall be carried out as per the relevant BIS Codes and IRC
Publications.
 The soil testing reports shall be in the format prescribed in relevant IRC Codes.

V. Material Investigations
 The Consultant shall identify quarry sites and borrow areas, undertake field and laboratory
testing of the materials to determine their suitability for various components of the work
and establish quality of various construction materials and recommend their use on the
basis of techno-economic principles. The Consultants shall prepare quarry charts indicating
the selected borrow areas, quarries and the respective estimated quantities.
 It is to be ensured that no material shall be used from the right-of-way, except by way of
leveling the ground as required from the construction point of view, or for landscaping and
planting of trees, or from the cutting of existing ground for obtaining the required formation
levels.
 Environmental restrictions if any should be duly taken into account while selecting new
quarry locations.

VI. Detailed Design and Drawings of Bridges and Structures

The Consultant will perform detailed design and drawings for the proposed Bridge and the
bridge shall be of rural road standards. Design Standards have been mentioned in separate
chapter.
 The Bridge shall be designed as per intermediate/two lane standards in consultation with
the PIUs.
 The Consultant shall prepare detailed design drawings of the bridge. The salient features
such as alignment, overall length, span arrangement, cross-section, deck-level, founding
level, type of bridge components shall be finalized based upon hydraulic and Geotechnical
studies, cost-effectiveness and ease of construction.
 Consultant shall use appropriate structural design software, acceptable to PIU.
 Consultant shall submit DPRs with design proof check from reputed engineering colleges as
a third party check.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

VII. Estimation of Quantities and Project Costs
a. The consultant shall prepare detailed estimates for quantities and project cost for the entire
project, including the cost of environmental and social safeguards proposed based on
MoRD/ MoRTH’s Standard Data Book and relevant publications may be adapted to the
project requirements/ State Schedule of Rates and market rate for the inputs. The
estimation of quantities shall be based on detailed design of various components of the
project. The estimation of quantities and costs would have to be worked out separately for
each construction packages as defined in this TOR.
b. The Consultant shall make detailed analysis for computing the unit rates for the different
items of works. The unit rate analysis shall duly take into account the various inputs and
their basic rates, suggested location of plants and respective lead distances for mechanized
construction. The unit rate for each item of works shall be worked out in terms of
manpower, machinery and materials.

All the designs, documents and drawings will be reviewed and modified by the consultants taking
into consideration, the observations made by the Client during acceptance of Design Report.

Stage-III: Bid Documents & Assistance in Bidding Process

I. Bid Documents

The preparation of bid documentation would be taken up simultaneously with the design tasks and
finalised based on the applicable Standard bidding Documents and the guidelines/ norms of the schemes
in consultation with the CONSULTANTS. The Consultants would, in consultation with the CONSULTANTS,
divide the Works into several packages taking into consideration the nature, value of works and logistics.

II. Assistance in Bidding Process

The consultant would assist the Client to invite bids from the contractors as per the procedure
laid down by the client and would assist the client in bid evaluation and in finalization and signing
the Contracts for works with the successful bidders. The activities to be performed by the
consultants to assist PIU during bidding process are given below:
a. Assisting PIU in preparation of EoI documents for procurement of contractors/ supervision
consultants.
b. Assisting PIU in preparation of Request for Proposal (RFP)/ bidding documents, evaluation
methodology and suitable legal documentation/ contracts for contractors/ supervision
consultants.
c. Consultant will assist PIU in evaluation of bids based on the qualification criteria,
culminating in selection of successful contractor/ supervision consultant.

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

Chapter 6:
SUMMARY AT A GLANCE

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

SUMMARY AT A GLANCE

 Name of District: Nalanda

 Name of Block: Biharsharif

 Name of Bridge: RCC Bridge over Gordhua River near Gajpur Gram

 Name of Stream : Gordhua River

 Nature of Stream- Perenial / Non-Perenial / Seasonal: Seasonal

 Linear Waterway at present: 15 m

 Waterway during Flood: 26 m – 35 m

 Stream Flow: No

 Site of Bridge- Straight to the Stream / at Skew: Straight to the Stream

 Width of the Stream from bank to bank at Bridge Site: 25 m

 Nature of Bank- Firm / Loose: Firm

 Nature of Bed Soil: Sandy Clay

 LBL: 96.647 m

 HFL: 100.885 m

 OFL: 100.225 m

 Catchment Area : 1200 Ha

 Design Discharge : 104.96 m3/sec

 FRL : 102.615 m

 Details of Structure on U/S or D/S (if any): Nil

 If there is no bridge then nearest bridge length

within 5 km from proposed location: 28 m , Railway Bridge on the same Stream

 Existing Bridge Length on proposed location: Nil

 Span Arrangement of Existing Bridge: Nil

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

 Height of the existing bridge w.r.t bed level (m): Nil

 Embankment Height at Bridge Location from OGL: 1.65 m

 Type of Bridge Proposed: RCC Multi Cell Box Bridge

 Type of Foundation Proposed: Open (Raft) Foundation

 Type of Super Structure Proposed: RCC Slab

 Overall Length of Proposed bridge: 26.60 m

 Span Arrangement of Proposed Bridge: 8 x 6 x 3 Cell

 Abutment Location: Abutment location should be in well enough distance from the bank line
considering the location of the Bridge.

 Width of Bridge Proposed: Carriageway: 5.5m

 Design Parameters: Live load- Class A double Lane or 70R single Lane.

 Parameters related to soil will be finalized as per Geo-technical Investigation report.

 Protection Works: Required protection works will be mentioned in Design & Drawing.

 Earthquake Zone: Zone-III.

 Photographs:

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

Chapter 7:
HYDRAULICS

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

Chapter 8:
BRIDGE DESIGN

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

Chapter 9:
RATE ANALYSIS

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

Chapter 10:
QUANTITY ESTIMATE

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

Chapter 11:
COST ESTIMATE

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.

 DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

Chapter 12
DRAWINGS

Submitted By: Flexicon Engineer & Planner Pvt. Ltd.