Study On Thermal Fatigue Behaviour Of Plasma Sprayed Yttria-Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCS) Systems On Aluminium Alloy
HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT IN HEAT RECOVERY STEAM
GENERATOR USING DRY ICE CO2 BLASTING CLEANING METHOD
1
DIMAS PALGUNADI
1
PT PLN (Persero) Power Generation Division
Email: [email protected]
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Keywords: Aluminium Alloys, Plasma Spray, Thermal Barrier Coatings, Thermal Fatigue, Yttria-Zirconia.
1. INTRODUCTION This method is expected to be able to clean the
Tanjung Batu Combined Cycle Power Plant is entire surface of the tube. As a result, the heat transfer
one of the power plant managed by PT PLN (Persero) coefficient will be rise so that the power produced by
located in Tenggarong, East Borneo, Indonesia. steam turbine will increase.
Began operations in 1997, This power plant has
maximum capacity of 2 x 30 MW consisting of 2 Gas 2. DETAILS EXPERIMENTAL
Turbines, 2 HRSG and 1 Steam Turbine. The gas 2.1. Materials
turbine used is aeroderivative gas turbine fueled by Dry ice is the solid form of Carbiondioxide
fuel oil or natural gas as a generator’s prime mover. (CO2), which is colourless, tasteless, odourless gas
Each of gas turbines is combined by Heat found naturally in our atmosphere. With a low
Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) to recover a heat temperature of -78.5o C (- 190o F), dry ice solid has
from a hot gas stream, such as combustion turbine or an inherent thermal energy ready to be tapped. At
the other gas waste. It produces super-heated steam atmospheric pressure, solid CO2 sublimated directly
that can be used to drive a steam turbine to generate to vapour without a liquid phase. This unique
electricity. HRSG consists of four main components : property means that the blast media simply
the economizer, evaporator, superheater and reheater. disappears, leaving only the original contaminant to
The key of efficiency from combined cycle be disposed of.
power plant will rely on the performance from HRSG Carbondioxide is a non-poisonous, liquefied gas
recycling heat that rejected from gas turbine. After 22 which is both inexpensive and easily stored at work
years of operation, the ability of heat transfer from sites. Of equal importance, it is non-conductive and
the HRSG’s tube has decreased due to temporary and non flammable.
permanent factor. The permanent factors are
component aging and thinning on the tube. These Properties Unit Value
conditions can be overcome through recondition and Molecular Weight g/mole 44.01
rehabilitation of the component. While, the temporary Density (Solid) kg./mc 1.562 at -78.5 o C
factor is the accumulation of the deposit on the Density (Liquid) kg./mc 1.022 at -18.0 o C
surface of the tube that prevent heat transfer from Density (Gas) kg./mc 1.977 at 0 o C
exhaust gas to water through the tube. To solve that Melting Point o
C -56.5 at 5.2 bar
issue, then preventive or corrective maintenance are o
Boiling Point C -78.5
required to recover the performance of HRSG.
As a result of these problems, the electricity
2.2. Procedures
output from a steam turbine continues to decline. The
Dry ice particle blasting is similar to sand
maximum output of steam turbine only measured at 5
blasting, plastic bead blasting or soda blasting where
MW served by single gas turbine. Therefore,
a media is accelerated in a pressurized air stream (or
maintenance activity is needed as an effort to
other inert gas) to impact the surface to be cleaned or
optimize a hidden capacity of the plant.
prepared. With dry ice blasting, the media that
Dry ice blasting is one the cleaning method to
impacts the surface is solid carbondioxide (CO 2)
improve the heat transfer rate on the HRSG’s tube.
particles. The combined impact energy dissipation
By utilizing dry ice as a cleaning media, it is sprayed
and extremely rapid heat transfer between the pellet
directly against the surface to be cleaned. The deposit
and the surface cause instantaneous sublimation of
will be peel off from the surface of the tube and then
the solid CO2 into gas.
the dry ice particle will sublime that push deposit off
from the surface of the pipe.
1
Study On Thermal Fatigue Behaviour Of Plasma Sprayed Yttria-Zirconia Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCS) Systems On Aluminium Alloy
Air ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Compressor
Liquid CO2 Tank
REFERENCES
After
HRSG
Cooler
Tubes
1. C.R.C. Lima, J.M. Guilemany, “Adhesion
improvements of Thermal Barrier Coatings with HVOF
Dryer
thermally sprayed bond coats”, Surface and Coatings
Pellet Chamber
Technology, vol.201,no.8,pp.4694–4701,15 January 2007,.
2.
CO2 Pellets
Portable Blast Unit Nozzle
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. TBC system Composition of
3.2. Thermal Fatigue behaviours of TBCs systems
Fig.1. (a & b) Optical Micrograph of Fractured plasma
sprayed TBC specimens with thickness of 250µm after TF
testing
Fig.2. FESEM micrograph of the fractured surface of as-
sprayed YSZ TBC.
Fig.3. Weight Change as a function of cycle number YSZ TBCs
during thermal fatigue testing.
CONCLUSIONS
