Green University of Bangladesh
Department of EEE
GREEN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH
Faculty of Science and Engineering
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Program: B.Sc. Engg. in EEE
Course Title: EEE 208 Energy Conversion II Laboratory
Course Credit: 1.5, Prerequisite: All types of AC and DC machines
Laboratory Experiment Sheet
EXPERIMENT NO.: 03
NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: TO DETERMINE THE ‘V’ CURVE OF A
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR AND OBSERVATION OF THE POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION.
OBJECTIVES:
To determine the V curve of synchronous motor.
To observe the power factor correction of synchronous motor.
To know about the relation of armature current and field current.
THEORY:
You have learned that positive reactive power is needed to create the magnetic field in an
alternating current motor. This reactive power has the disadvantage of producing a low
power factor. Low power factors are undesirable for several reasons. Generators,
Transformers and supply circuits are limited in rating by their current carrying capacities.
This means that the kilowatt load that they can deliver is directly proportional to the
power factor of the loads that they supply. For example, a system can deliver only 70% of
the kilowatt load at 0.7 power factor that it can deliver at unity power factor.
The Synchronous motor requires considerable reactive power when it operates at no-load
without any DC excitation to the rotor. It acts like a three-phase inductance load on the
power line. When the rotor is excited, it will produce some of the magnetism in the motor
with the result that the stator has no supply less, and the reactive power drawn from the
power line decreases. If the rotor is excited until it produces all the magnetism, the power
line will only have no supply active power to the stator, and the power factor will be
unity. As far as the power line is connected, the Synchronous motor now looks like a
three-phase resistance load.
If the rotor is excited still further, tending to create more magnetism than the motor
needs, then the power line starts supplying negative reactive power to the stator in its
attempt to keep the total flux constant. But negative reactive power corresponds to a
capacitor, and the Synchronous motor now looks like a three-phase capacitance load to
the power line.
This sheet for Energy Conversion II Laboratory has been prepared by: Noorea Sarwar Al Mamun
Page 1 of 3
Green University of Bangladesh
Department of EEE
An no-load, the Synchronous motor has the property of acting like a variable inductor/
variable capacitor, the value of reactance (XL or XC ) being determined by the amount of
DC current flowing in the rotor.
A Synchronous motor when used on the same power system with induction motors
improves the overall system power factor.
APPARATUS:
Serial Name Ratings Quantity
No.
1 Power Supply (240V-5A)DC, {(0-240)V- 5A}DC 1
2 Synchronous Motor 240W, 415V, 0.2A, Three phase, 50Hz, 1500 1
rpm
3 Digital Techo-meter Photo type, (0.1 rpm-5~999.9 rpm) & (1 rpm-
1000~99999 rpm) 1
4 Power factor meter 440V, 5A 1
4 Analog AC Ammeter (0-5)A 1
5 Analog DC Ammeter (0-5)A 1
6 Analog AC Voltmeter (0-150)V 1
7 Analog DC Voltmeter (0-300)V 1
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
I1
A
3φ AC V
PS
termina
l 1,2,3 A I2
0-200V DC
Power
supply 8,N
Figure - 1
PROGRAM PLAN:
This sheet for Energy Conversion II Laboratory has been prepared by: Noorea Sarwar Al Mamun
Page 2 of 3
Green University of Bangladesh
Department of EEE
1. Connect the Ckt. Shown in Figure - 1
2. Keep the voltage control knob of the power supply at full counter clockwise
position.
3. Turn on the power supply.
4. Gradually increases the DC voltage and record 6/7 sets of data IF and IS
5. When IS minimum measure and record the IF and IS.
6. Return the voltage to zero and turn of the power supply.
DATA TABLE:
Sl. No. Field current, IF Supply current, IS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
REPORT:
1. Show all the recorded data in tabular form.
2. Draw a smooth curve on graph paper by using the data table.
3. Why almost all large size Synchronous machines are constructed with rotating
field system type?
4. What do you mean by synchronous motor excitation?
5. How can improve power factor by using synchronous motor?
REFERENCE BOOK:
1. A text book of Electrical Technology
B.L. Theraja
This sheet for Energy Conversion II Laboratory has been prepared by: Noorea Sarwar Al Mamun
Page 3 of 3
