DESCRIBING PROCESS
The diagram explains how the bricks are made for the building industry. Overall, there are
seven stages in the process, beginning with the digging up of clay and culminating in
delivery. To begin, the clay is used to make the bricks is dug up from the groung by a large
digger. This clay is then placed onto a metal grid, which is used to break up the clay into
smaller pieces. A roller assists in this process. Following this, sand and water are added to
the clay, and this mixture is turned into bricks by either placing it into a mould or using a
wire cutter. Next, these bricks are placed in an oven to dry for 24-48 hours. In the
subsequent stage, the bricks go through a heating and cooling process. They are heated
in a kiln at a moderate and then a high temperature (ranging from 200◦C to 1300◦C),
followed by a cooling process in a chamber for 2-3 days. Finally, the bricks are packed and
delivered to their destinations.
How to Describe a Process Diagram:
• Introduce the Diagram
In the introduction you can use: The diagram/
picture/chart shows/illustrates/describes/ depicts
the process of/the stages/how ...
• Overview
After the introduction, you should give a general overview
to summarize what’s going on in the diagram.
In the overview, you need to write:
1. How the process begins and ends
2. The number of stages.
• Specific features
After you've given the overview, you should write about
specific details of your diagram. To do that, you need to
describe each stage of your process in detail. Don't forget
that you should provide information in a logical way!
Two key aspects of language in explaining process
diagram:
1. Time Connectors
To connect the stages, you should use time connectors:
• first of all
• firstly
• to begin
• at this point
• after
• after that
• then
• next
• the next step is
• in the next stage/in the subsequent stage
• following this
• subsequently
• finally
• the last step is
2. Grammar point
• Passive voice: Simple Present
This is used to describe a process whose focus in on the
activities, not on the person doing them.
Pattern: Thing(s) + be + past participle (V3)
Leather is dried
Skins are dried
If the verbs cannot to take the passive (e.g. ‘to go’), the
sentence is kept in active voice.
Thing(s) + V1
Example: The bricks go through a heating and cooling process