ENERGY CHANGES IN REACTIONS
for Advanced Chemistry
Special Science High School in Grade 10
Quarter 3/ Week 5
FOREWORD
This self-learning kit will serve as a guide to help students
understand the energy changes that occur in a chemical
reaction.
The students will gain knowledge about how the
formation and breaking of bonds affect the temperature of
the reaction. Let us buckle up and start another journey on
energy changes in chemical reactions.
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OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
K: Describe the types of energy changes in chemical reactions.
S: Classify reactions as endothermic or exothermic.
A: Relate the energy changes in everyday tasks or processes.
I. WHAT HAPPENED
PRE-TEST
Directions: Identify whether the following reactions is endothermic or
exothermic. Write your answers in your notebook
1. Decomposition reaction
2. Evaporating water
3. Melting of ice
4. Burning of wood
5. Combustion reaction
II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
When chemicals react, the bonds between atoms, ions, or
molecules are either formed or broken. When these bonds are formed
or broken, a change in energy is observed. There are three things to
consider in a chemical reaction:
1. Energy is required to break a bond.
2. Energy is released when bonds form.
3. Energy is neither created nor destroyed but it is only
transformed from one form to another (Law of Conservation of
Energy)
Bonds between molecules are difficult to break, it requires specific
energies to happen. For example, in a Cl-Cl bond, an energy of 58 kcal
is needed to break and cleave the bond. On the other hand, when
Cl-Cl bond forms, an energy equal to 58 kcal is released.
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The energy released and absorbed in a reaction is called the heat
of reaction, also known as enthalpy, ∆H. Enthalpy can be positive
(endothermic), and negative (exothermic). We will further discuss in the
future lessons.
Exothermic Reaction
Exothermic reactions release energy in the form of heat or light as
bonds form. The most common exothermic reactions are combustion
reactions, i.e., lighting a match, fireworks, and burning a piece of paper.
The enthalpy of exothermic reactions has a negative value since
the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is less than the
energy released by bond formation.
Example:
H2+ + Cl2- → 2HCl ∆H = -103 kcal/mol
Endothermic Reaction
Endothermic reactions absorb energy in the form of heat or light
from their surroundings as bonds between molecules break. Common
examples are melting ice cubes, cooking an egg, and baking bread.
The enthalpy value of endothermic reactions is positive since the
energy required to break the bonds in the reactants is more than the
energy released when new bonds form.
Example:
2H2O → H2+ + 2OH ∆H = +119 kcal/mol
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III. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
POST TEST
Directions: Determine which statements or reactions best describe an
endothermic or exothermic reaction. Write ENDO if it’s endothermic and
EXO for exothermic. Write your answers in your notebook.
_____________1. N2 +2O2 + heat → 2NO2
_____________2. Energy is absorbed in the reaction.
_____________3. ∆H value is positive.
_____________4. Energy is released in the reaction.
_____________5. C2H4 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O + heat
_____________6. Bonds in the products are stronger than in the reactants.
_____________7. Combustion reaction
_____________8. CaCO3 + heat → CaO + CO2
_____________9. Digestion of food.
_____________10. F2(g) → 2F(g)
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REFERENCES
Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions. (2021, February 2).
Retrieved from: courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/
chapter/energy-changes-in-chemicalreactions/#:
~:text=The%20energy%20change%20in%20a,is%20know
n%20as%20its%20enthalpy.
Smith, J. (2010). General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry (1st
ed). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Stoker, S. (2010). General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry (5th
Edition). USA: Cengage Learning.
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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL
SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
FAY C. LUAREZ, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D.
OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Acting CID Chief
NILITA L. RAGAY, Ed.D.
OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMDS)
ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
PSDS – Division Science Coordinator
MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)
ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)
ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO
Writer
ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO
LEONREY L. VAILOCES
Illustrators/Lay-out Artists
_________________________________
ALPHA QA TEAM
ALLAN Z. ALBERTO
SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR.
MANASSES V. JABALDE
VERONICA A. RECTO
BETA QA TEAM
ALLAN Z. ALBERTO
SEGUNDINO B. DELES, JR.
MANASSES V. JABALDE
VERONICA A. RECTO
DISCLAIMER
The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide
accessible learning modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The
contents of this module are carefully researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the set
learning competencies. The writers and evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to
information and illustrations used to substantiate this material. All content is subject to copyright and
may not be reproduced in any form without expressed written consent from the division.
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SYNOPSIS AND ABOUT THE AUTHOR 10. ENDO
Chemical reactions involve energy
9. ENDO
8. ENDO
changes due to the breaking and formation 7. EXO
6. EXO
of bonds. 5. EXO
4. EXO
Exothermic reactions release energy as 3. ENDO
2. ENDO
bonds form. While, in an endothermic 1. ENDO
POST-TEST
reaction, energy is absorbed as bond break.
5. exothermic
4. exothermic
3. endothermic
2. endothermic
1. endothermic
PRE-TEST
ANSWER KEY:
ALAIZA MARI K. CAINO, is a graduate of Bachelor
of Science in Chemistry at Negros Oriental State
University. She is a licensed chemist and a
licensed chemical technician. She is currently a
Special Science Teacher in Manjuyod Science
High School. She is also completing her course in
Certificate of Proficiency in Teacher Education
at La Consolacion College.
