Planning for
Reinforcing Steel
Works – Fabrication
and Installation
REBAR ENGINEER CERTIFICATION PROGRAM – CORE
COMPETENCY NO. 1 – PLAN REINFORCING STEEL
WORKS PRODUCTION
Material Specification
PNS 49 : 2002 - Specs. For Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A 615M – Specs. For Deformed and Plain Billet Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement for Seismic Resisting Members
ASTM A 616 – Specs. For Rail Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
ASTM A 617 – Specs. For Axle Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
ASTM A 706M – Specs. For Low Alloy Steel Deformed Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement for members resisting earthquake induced forces
Standard Construction Practices
Concrete cover requirements
Minimum spacing of reinforcement
Fabrication Standards
Minimum inside bend diameter for strirrups, ties, and hoops
Standard hook geometry for development of deformed bars in Tension
Development of reinforcement
Development of deformed bars and deformed wires in tension
Termination of reinforcement
Splices
Splice type
Identifying the type, size and grade of steel
used
Anong size kaya
ito ?
PNS 49: 2002
lugs
Ribs
PNS 49: 2002
Manufacturer’s
A A
Marking
Grade 275
Bar Size 32
W Weldable W
PNS 49: 2002
PNS Grade Marking
275
Dash Metric English
no dash Grade 230 33 ksi
1 dash Grade 275 40 ksi
2 dash Grade 415 60 ksi
PNS 49: 2002
Nominal Dimensions and Unit Mass Standards
Cross
Diameter, mm Perimeter, mm Sectional Mass, Kg/m
Area, mm2
10 31.4 78.54 0.617
12 37.7 113.10 0.888
16 50.3 201.06 1.578
20 62.8 314.16 2.466
25 78.5 490.88 3.853
28 88.0 615.75 4.834
32 100.5 804.25 6.313
36 113.1 1017.88 7.990
40 125.7 1256.64 9.865
50 157.1 1963.50 15.413
PNS 49: 2002
White - Grade 230
Yellow - Grade 275
Green - Grade 415
Red – Weldable Bars
Concrete cover for Cast-In-Place Non-Pres-
tressed Concrete Members
Concrete Exposure Member Reinforcement Specified Cover,
mm
Cast against and
permanently in
All All 75
contact with
ground
20 mm bars
through 58 mm bars 50
Exposed to weather
or in contact with All 16 mm bar, MW 200
ground or MD 200 wire and 40
smaller
Table 420.6.1.3.1, NSCP 2015
Concrete cover for Cast-In-Place Non-
Prestressed Concrete Members
Concrete Exposure Member Reinforcement Specified Cover,
mm
40 mm and 58 mm
40
bars
Slabs, joists and
Not exposed to walls
weather or in 36 mm bars and
contact with smaller 20
ground
Primary
Beams, columns,
reinforcement,
pedestals, and 40
stirrups, ties, spirals
tension ties
and hoops
Table 420.6.1.3.1, NSCP 2015
Concrete cover for Cast-In-Place Prestressed
Concrete Members
Concrete Exposure Member Reinforcement Specified Cover,
mm
Cast against and
permanently in
All All 75
contact with
ground
Slabs, joists, and All
25
Exposed to weather walls
or in contact with All
ground All other 40
Table 420.6.1.3.2, NSCP 2015
Concrete cover for Cast-In-Place Prestressed
Concrete Members
Concrete Exposure Member Reinforcement Specified Cover,
mm
Slabs, joists, and
All 20
walls
Not exposed to
weather or in Primary
contact with reinforcement 40
ground Beams, columns,
and tension ties Stirrups, ties, spirals
and hoops 25
Table 420.6.1.3.2, NSCP 2015
Concrete cover requirements for Precast
Non-prestressed or Concrete Members
Manufactured Under Plant Conditions
Concrete Exposure Member Reinforcement Specified Cover,
mm
40 mm and 58 mm
bars; tendons larger 40
than 40 mm
36 mm bars and
Walls smaller; MW 200 and
Exposed to weather
MD 200 wire and
or in contact with 20
smaller; tendons and
ground
strands 40 mm and
smaller
40 mm and 58 mm
All other bars; tendons larger 50
than 40 mm
Table 420.6.1.3.3, NSCP 2015
Concrete cover requirements
Concrete Exposure Member Reinforcement Specified Cover,
mm
40 mm and 58 mm
bars; tendons larger 40
than 40 mm
36 mm bars and
Walls smaller; MW 200 and
Exposed to weather
MD 200 wire and
or in contact with 20
smaller; tendons and
ground
strands 40 mm and
smaller
40 mm and 58 mm
All other bars; tendons larger 50
than 40 mm
Table 420.6.1.3.3, NSCP 2015
Concrete cover requirements
Concrete Exposure Member Reinforcement Specified Cover,
mm
20 mm through 36
mm bars; tendons
and strands larger 40
16 mm
than
Exposed to weather or through 40 mm
All other
in contact with ground 16 mm bar; MW
200 and MD 200 wire
and smaller; tendons 32
and strands 16 mm
and smaller
Not Exposed to 40 mm and 58 mm
Slabs, joist,
weather or in contact bars; tendons larger 45
and walls
with ground than 40 mm
Table 420.6.1.3.3, NSCP 2015
Concrete cover requirements
Concrete Exposure Member Reinforcement Specified Cover,
mm
Tendons and strands
20
40 mm and smaller
Slabs, joist,
and walls 36 mm bar; MW
Not exposed to 200 and MD 200 wire 16
weather or in contact and smaller
with ground Primary Greater of db and
Beams,
columns, reinforcement 16 mm and need
pedestals, not exceed 40 mm
and tension Stirrups, ties, spirals
ties 40
and hoops
Table 420.6.1.3.3, NSCP 2015
Bar Supports/Spacers
Metal Concrete Plastic
Bar Supports
Minimum spacing requirements
425.2.1 For parallel non-prestressed reinforcement in a horizontal
layer, clear spacing shall be at least the greatest of 50 mm,
db, and 4/3 dagg
425.2.2 For parallel non- prestressed reinforcement placed in two or more
horizontal layer, reinforcement in the upper layers shall be placed
directly above reinforcement in the bottom layer with clear
spacing between layers of at least 25 mm.
425.2.3 For longitudinal reinforcement in columns, pedestal, struts, and
boundary elements in a walls, clear spacing between bars shall be
at least the greatest of 40 mm, 1.5db, and 4/3 dagg
407.7 Spacing Limits for
Reinforcement
Parallel Bars Parallel Bars in two or
more layers
Sc = db, but not
less than 25mm Sc = 25mm
db = bar diameter
Sc
407.7 Spacing Limits for
Reinforcement
Spirally reinforced or tied Contact Lap Splices
reinforced compression
members
Sc = 1.5db but not less than Sc = db, but not less than
40mm 25mm
407.7 Spacing Limits for
Reinforcement
Walls and Slabs
Sc < 3t but not greater than 450mm
Sc = 25 mm minimum
t = wall or slab thickness
Standard Hook Geometry for Development of
Deformed Bars in Tension*
Type of Bar Size, mm Min. Inside Straight
Standard Hook Bend Dia., mm Extension
lext, mm
10 - 25 6db
90-degree hook 28 - 36 8db 12 db
l
40 & 58 10db
10 - 25 6db Greater of
180-degree
28 - 36 8db 4db and 65
hook
40 & 58 10db mm l
*Table 425.3.1 – NSCP 2015
Minimum Inside Bend Diameter and Standard Hook
Geometry for Stirrups, Ties, and Hoops*
Type of Bar Size, Min. Inside Bend Straight
Standard Hook mm Dia., mm Extension
lext, mm
Greater of
10 - 16 4db 6db and
90-degree hook 75mm
l
20 - 25 6db 12 db
10 - 16 4db Greater of
135-degree
6db and 75
hook 20 - 25 6db mm l
10 - 16 4db Greater of
180-degree
6db and 65
hook 20 - 25 6db mm
l
*Table 425.3.2 – NSCP 2015
Development of Deformed Bars
and Deformed Wires in Tension
425.4.2.1 Development length ld for deformed bars and deformed wires in
tension shall be the greater of (a) and (b):
(a) Length calculated in accordance with Section 425.4.2.2 or
425.4.2.3 using the applicable modification factors of Section
425.4.2.4
(b) 300 mm
Section 425.4.2.2
Section 425.4.2.3
Section 425.4.2.4
412.16 Splices of Deformed Bars & Wires in Tension
412.16.1 CLASS A LAP SPLICE = 1.0 ld
CLASS B LAP SPLICE = 1.3 ld
But not less than 300 mm
Splices
Splices
Splicing of Reinforcing Bars
Coupled Splice
Welded Splice
Common Lap Splice
Splicing of RSB
GAS PRESSURE WELDING (GPW)
Termination of
Reinforcement
– One Way Slab
Termination of
Reinforcement
– Two Way Slab
Minimum extensions of reinforcements in two-way slab without beams – Table 408.7.4.1.3a
Termination of
Reinforcement
– Two Way Slab
Beams
Beams
Beams
Beams
Columns
Columns
General Notes/Structural Notes -
S3 in PDF format
Placing/working drawing
components
Bar cut off/bend point
Splice location
Number of bars
Placing dimension
Cut length
Bar position/location
GIRDER PLACING DRAWING
Joint
COLUMN PLACING DRAWING
Structure
Structure Position/Location
Location/Position Shape/Dimension Bar Ø Cut Length Pcs
Column
Main Bar
End Bar
Top Bar
Bottom Bar
Girder
Extra Top Bar
Extra Bottom Bar
Stiffener
Stirrups
Spreader
Top Bar
Beam
Bottom Bar
Extra Bottom Bar
Stirrups
Assignment :
1. Prepare Cutting List for this Placing Drawing
Cutting List (Sample Form)
Structure Position/Location Shape/Dimension Bar Diameter Cut Length No. of Pieces
Assignment cont.
2. Familiarize the different Bar sizes and Grades of Reinforcing Bars.
What to do?
If you are 21 years old and above, visit a DB Supplier, get photos and
label the size and grade of the different bar sizes.
Or
Search in the net.
3. Advance reading on Earthquake Resistant Structures, if you have
Clarification, Comment or Question/s,
All assignment results shall be emailed to [email protected]
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Section 418 –
Earthquake
Resistant Structures
Planning and Organizing
Production
Learning Objectives
o Discuss the importance of planning and organizing and writing things down
o Apply the eight (8) steps planning process when planning and organizing
reinforcing steel work activities
o Discuss the advantages and limitations of bar chart and look ahead schedule
o Discuss the effect of timely and accurate reporting
Planning and Organizing
Production
Supervisor’s main responsibility:
“safely meet production
targets employing quality
workmanship”
Planning and Organizing
Production
Source: AGCA Manual (American General Contractors Association)
Planning and Organizing
Production
Writing things down will:
Assist you in focusing to the job and its requirements, instead of
remembering the details
You will have a ready checklist to consult anytime.
Your mind is free for creative thinking about your daily plan, job
requirements and situation at hand
Planning and Organizing
Production
What skills are required to;
install forms, fabricate and install reinforcing steel, lay pipe, erect steel
column?
get along with, communicate with, and lead a motivated crew?
be aware of costs, control production, solve problems, and understand
contract documents?
plan how to accomplish the work, organize a crew to do the work, and plan
your work safely and conforming to the required workmanship?
Planning and Organizing
Production
Elements of a Successful Plan
Timing
Amount
Quality of Planning
Planning and Organizing
Production
What is a plan?
Your primary responsibilities as a supervisor:
Complete the work in a safe manner
Deliver quality workmanship using approved materials
Complete the work within the budgeted time; and
Complete the work within the budgeted cost.
Planning and Organizing
Production
Four Steps in Developing a Successful Plan
Set production targets
Determine what must be done to achieve the target
safely and conforming to the quality requirements
Determine what you need to achieve it
Make a hazard survey in the field
Planning and Organizing
Production
Exercise No. 1
Fabricate and install 5,000 kilos of reinforcing steel (10
mm to 25 mm Φ) for the 2nd storey beams and slabs
system (approximate floor area = 75 sq. meters:
residential) in 5 days.
Planning and Organizing
Production
How to accomplish Materials and Equipment and Crew Make-up
the task supplies tools
Planning and Organizing
Production
The eight (8) steps planning process;
1. Develop a weekly task list
2. List the required materials and supplies to accomplish the task
3. List equipment and tools requirements
4. Identify the labor budget
5. Convert labor budget to budgeted man-hours or budgeted crew-
hours
6. Determine crew size
7. Make crew assignments
8. Obtain crew commitments
CONVERTING BUDGET TO BUDGETED LABOR
GIVEN A job budget of Php. 150,000 and a total hourly costs of:
1 FOREMAN @ P 125.00/HOUR
3 STEELMEN @ P 93.75/HOUR
2 LABORERS @ P 62.50/HOUR
Step 1. Determine the total hourly cost for the crew
List the crew and total their labor rates
1 FOREMAN @ P 125.00/HOUR = P 125.00/hour
3 STEELMEN @ P 93.75/HOUR = P 281.25/hour
2 LABORERS @ P 62.50/HOUR = P 125.00/hour
= P 531.25/crew - hour
CONVERTING BUDGET TO BUDGETED LABOR
Step 2. Determine the average cost per man - hour
Divide the total crew cost per hour by the number of crew members
Total crew cost /Number of crew = P 531.25/crew – hour / 6
= P 88.54 per man - hour
Step 3. Determine the budgeted crew hour
Divide the budget by the crew cost;
Total budget/crew cost = P 150,000/P 531.25/crew – hour
= 282.4 crew - hour
Determine the budgeted man - hour
Divide the budget by the average man-hour cost;
Total budget/average man - hour cost = P 150,000/P 88.54/man – hour
= 1694.15 man - hours
