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M-3 Unit-1 Finite Difference

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VINEET VYAS
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127 views66 pages

M-3 Unit-1 Finite Difference

Uploaded by

VINEET VYAS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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oh yh Finite Diflerence. : 4 ee: = - 22 ed i led ysfex) be Hee a function ok x, 2 n whet x= Ho, Moth, Not2h, xXotGh .-.- Hornh ane eypispaced called 45 arguments. and given the funchenal eas. Yor FO), Y=FO0tH) Sy =SOroreh) , Ya 2 fotetnh). The amstent difference ern puo consecutive valiies of 2 called 95 interval A difference and denoted by h. iG Cloth) ~Cre) =k Grotzh) ~ CHerh) mm. pave that py fay fny = log [17 ae 50) > Liss & ly fr = -) 19 40) eats ley to) = ly 409 ' = lyéerth) - bgt = ——@ and aws = 60 AMES eetlosa (er a a E+) fo) by [+ See = leg (i+ Ent) = log [ fart & fm - £6) 407 = oy (ER) = Joy (LOH ) = by form O Fay =a) fun — 2 @D Lewi= Res. Scanned with CamScanner Nees Eayt{ 0% ve eS Ha) e fees) oe E€ (© -2+67) e” EC) - 2 eX 4 Ee » aon ret AO also. Ee eth i ie > as) a eh Gaye 3 @?-26+4)) e% a eh E%@") ~2£(") +e% et eh Og At, GX eteh 2 (aa 4 MA) Scanned with CamScanner Ex | 2 [S show that =A“ (Sinn) = CEGinx) ee wher Cis 9 Const. if At Ginn) = (Ent) +8ina = (e7- 2641) dink = E* Ginn) — 2€ binx)+ sim filet) - Aca RRB = Aincntzh) +4ink - 2 € Ginx ) = QMaCuth th) + in Cath-h) — 2 €(Ainx) = 2 @lSingath)-@sh] —2 E(Zinx) = Dosh, Kin@th) — 2 € Ginny! banners = SGA) ¢ Sn &- 8)! = 20h EGinx) — oe = alec, > €Céim) eo Cre dine wher (2014-2) = _—<—$———_ 2 Gent lk (BEY = |e*] a u A 28 3 = (€-2407) 03) (E 2 21m aE 2427) G3, = EGY) - 203) + oe) = 1 ide a=) = 5A m = (iy - 29 +Q4)” = eet 2th | = (pbsaat +9™4i) 2x? ¢[x2-3 assur) Scanned with CamScanner (F4+ay” Vt)” Gtx OR) apres hes z = [€-0+ 0-29] Gey, =(E-61)* Gta) (*-2e27"4 &*) ota) Gh24 23). only = Broa, | = [ra (a9) | =: = [We Re] = 207 4 eGat4a9 ~ 20F a) 4 Ca = 24 Oe = RC ye ad oS Mt Wha giao 99% oo Soo dmt A-7-Ay Hence showtnap En; S219) To Pre A-y = Ad AGI eee (E=9) = (1-2), eee co Lys = Rus Av = (€4) Ci-E7) ee Bo.) 4a? =€-1-\ +e7 eet ei {ito = eh? | | Taking tg om both asda weaek i JIgew)= 60 ) | =) ees ps :D Ne + ley (tpn) ae w3 - E[e-be 40-9] ae es Dd Scanned with CamScanner lp shoe That. FOS) = Fl4) +5 F(a) 4 FQ) + 59 Fe) |e a We know that AzE-] ee ee “Runs = FG) +A Fa) +0 Fa) ace = FS) + (64) ets) +(e Fa) 4&4) rey PO) +1) Fe) 4 (6% v 2641) FQ) 4 (© 30 3071 )Ray FG) + FFa) - FG) + eee) ~2 © Gm) + 46) tT Ee) ~3 etre, +3E(fe)) e409 u v FG) + 04) - #6) + £05) ~ 2405) £4054 3-404) + 3 4G) +4) > FG) -2 © 46= $03) = 45) es Hes = & 5° £0) #3 fe) ie FG)= FG) + AG) + o> 4a) 6 a DO -pmetet sy = 16 sini.) » (0561424) I OD pervert toy = poy 70 fe + Oe fuy+ D2 4a) © Fr B7m) given hat, 4 el Scanned with CamScanner ph product of the form K+ CHA) + CU-2 +03) --O1- 64) is called 05 a factortof anf its demoted by 9 Thus Cea = xO) = KOA) C29 3) = KOA) (4-2) (4-9) Ex-4)) a wok: th h 15 interval f differencing then 3 = x CH): CHDK) CATH): =» C= D4), oGx- ex proyerhak | A® = nem: For all inteees: = given het. ap $0) We knoo Mm - i ee 4 eae, th) —-%x pul het a Ao) = ory Bs 5D / = [@+)x- (W-1) (H-2)---- AF @-)| = ce ee = %Q-1) (a-2)- -G-@)) [on - a4) | = on. [x O4) G2---@-G-9)] Son [xO Ory -(%-Gr-1 9) ] Bx =p #?] Ue Kareena Scanned with CamScanner formation of factorre] polynomial AS we know that of) = x GA) Cr-2) ---. C4 --1)) ‘Thet fs Meo Ae. ay ae mobs 4” “Tas +0 Conver + any poly nomial into Factorial polynomia/ UE Syntess division metmal. 45 }ollo\0- Gndider ; 3 de Y= 420 h xe 2 2 ae Die aah Samia x 1 A 2 ' FJ > cwoppiernt 4 1® 3 Ee | eas (Gs cotpfricen 47) gle 1 (5) — ceeftiient eee 4 03) ey Reyl Fautorial palynomial is Y= XD 6 AM 4 4H 4 Gry HO) =e far seen al BP) = 0%”? => Derivative Ne Scanned with CamScanner ' 4 Ex: Empress the gives frmdin in pactori of nojatin «= @) fO)= 44 529-394 PXaAS Hene Bnd HS third Forwerd difernn te Mf, |} S019 43 Gen function is aa 40 = x14 598 ax aaarts $F 34 | BB] = wepptucmtt 2? é 3 3 Me) = coeppraent 1) \ Coepicten! oh 3) Se edt factorial poly nontiel s @) frye 0) 4 1 4 19 2 + 102” 14 ex How To pad Ato ¢ “400 = BAA 4ov) = BLAM 4 1s 190M +10 0% 4 0] =O [ 48) + 3322498 > 10 J = bh [4 029433 1 89 XY P07 Scanned with Cam$canner SAT 2 xy 68 fF 38 =p hb ©) + 66 A A740 3 - bf) = 240) + ce ig 6019; = < Eapress f(n) = 2053244 ©. o——__> in teem 4 Factoriel | notehico onl pence tind 2 fey af 12 15 veh given punclin 40) = axe sate = 290 +008 srr 401 479 = coepbiciemt dy x) a Scanned with CamScanner | | | | | } = The ae fatoral mich of given i @ G f(x) = 2: WO 4 12% M4 al (4) & er HO) <3 0D Fw) =) |G) = ace ee tee ere P binf oh 40) A> fo) = AG fo) SBR LA Cr 4 2x44 3 tv +) ] | = Aloo +8 =D [ea + 36 ar t10 = GAx) 436A 47g ax 40 8) 4 9A 4) — aA 4 0] 1) = 2/9 rey ae -30)] ani | pro. B4oy= 24 x 4 92 €) ¢ 18.0) > NEO) = 24 CYC) + F2-% 418 M2 oy = Paes = 24nt_24n 442% £1¢ | = 2 | Df) = 24.0456 %418 | a gales =m are es = ms = B F071 = 24 (2) 46 Gy) £14 a 24(2) a 44(3) the = G44 F248 hla) = @144 | ot reps el Scanned with CamScanner > EA: Deleenine the penaion whose Prst oxder furword diferene ts part 45m 412. me 4 jp Afor= a3 eaxr45x p12 aa) = Cefbident b> >A). The st44 Factorial] notahion 4 AFA) 5 Afe7 > 24 6 4 9 w 5 Jr ye) 2 Ge = [9 + 6 x® MAB HD fo 4] a G) pee 6 * 2) ee: 4 a a 2 ae oP. a ee SRY Co ae ie ve {24 2294 4g alee Bec) = n . a “44 { (M1) OM-2)04-3) 4 ZAI M27 TIS CO OM) 44.8 ag eae a + | arax? + sab +40 racy} Scanned with CamScanner Ha) = + Maes Newtons Tniespolebton porroula 1S jee DOs 1 dine) py? E feqinh) = fart n A(@ + noon Bfmy4 resin 6 oS | nh) = £ [of +@2D ata) + Wear) 49 4a) Qrb-isn% + Go ata 28 = 6) 94 fey on) \@ fa@ @ $"@+oh) = [ete + @1) 03 -4@) + Ga 360 19 shay or Newtois Taterpletion formaly for Batkwerd DPerence ' © ftq-nh) = f@)-n Ved + oa vite) — Bienes) vee } : ’ a iO fia-nb) = L [v4 - en vita) + Grist) y5.4¢) | ~ Gnt-isnteen-c) og ai v Ha) O fen») = ie [ 924) — Oy) v4) 4 Bias OY) 4 fe) ig! Scanned with CamScanner ere S219: Forwood differene fable. =0' 200 Tebmd y cea) % ¥'@s) | 1 gtnh = 03 Hore h= 0-2 (thterve! ditto ‘ febus cmidee a> or | = n= 03 sae 63 - on ot | b ape ores Ol Now Cen Hert. dtay= flor) = 2504 Bfey = Bf (o2 = 18°63, Dfoe A fer) = Is-35¢ DM feoy= OP flor) = -13 022 L At peed flo2 = Gr Scanned with CamScanner | | j j | | | | A ! 1 4 @3) Spopltianes 2CoS)-) : 3657-605) 40 DI aa [C* 63) + ss (si3se) + 2057 co By Newt Fos wer] lifferne formals. © = Nun) ar ain Acatmh) = F@) rn AF@) + ne A 4) + DINE Fp ISD) at pul aimh=. q20-2. and n= vs - $@342 fH) = H-029-+46') Dee) + = $63) efter) = (25-04) $ Gs) C1943) + OSD (OSI (is.3se) 4 PSIESH (os-2) | 2) He) + ~~ ; Chinn | S)(os-1) (ow- oo a Messy Gs ee C42) JOD = )2-S¥ 52 Niko, we know hak = an-4 ) ett 3 nt-6n+2) eel f' caenn) = £ Cater + 4 Se ee | 3 + Go erst (> A400] a . 1 3-08 + 4@sP- est 209) ~¢ nee irae) at — f Y@3) = -¢8:0s4s Scanned with Cam$canner 2 =! Calculate inh C1) Hom tne following Using UAenus- fable. [x 1 Ste lie ape fag eS [coh 16543) |p gigs | 8103 | $709] 21509 } 24524 SOI) Forward difeenn fable X — |eosh x ee ke os | 1.543] pe Ve 16685 4 os oroo)e : gio ae Pe | 4 0-008 a & 0-001 | af seen Pp} 2 | 00017 “> | bg | 21609 Pe) Bas 7y | le f= coho) =. fly = enh(xy Tom flan= sinh(ny of as Ith qenherd Hex We o-} (Inteevel diMerence) a gal) ere tee 30:\)- (inl) i ae Scanned with CamScanner 7 bette lorivedit. F 2 By Newhes pow terma fpedibe perma ia d Oo gioh OH) = {a = f{'!Catnh) i oe eiyiges P-Onte7) nF fi 3 ail) = [ate + 9) stent ore 7 O59) re if) [ose 7@e4) G-0180) + (G@%-60717) ©0018) | = 3) o') * ’ + 4@%- 16OM42e) ~6 Eb-000)) at \ i — 0:018° AL (0.0018) _ 1 €o0-000) = [ olaze aes ) ce ) o') v Fal [ oan - :00J0 $0:0006 + 0000025 | = | 33ae < }oinky (4) = 1-330 | Scanned with CamScanner EL* from othe spacing dety . find the number Shdenks Who objained Jey Ahan 45” marks: 3) Fmd bymber a shadow who obyaned marks bu 40 H4S {| So1%; Foswerd differnnau deble. Mas es | Ne 4 a tha stills | oN en Y=4a) eee \ a> at a 50 | < pales i a) > 35 (sg a eS 2 0 190 Bo He Scanned with CamScanner sp pnd nF spudint cohost marks ant lest fr 45° @® je te PM fF (45D fel egg = oS, Hoe oh= Io Conterval diflerma) w qz-4o : ees pee Spa Smee e Se ey A (2 (one > By Neohns swe dikerma pommel. ¢ (a+nh) = [4+ n B40) + (n+) We) 4 inate) 4a) ae ee + Nena) m2) 1-3) Ae 7 ag Het = ftgp =3), of) =4t. S4)= 9, Bdere ar, A) fey= 37 2 fas) = [31 (5) Gr) + WICHY (5 py WMI Cas 4 OD oe v pe oa] = 4be7L & Gg A, Ths 4¢ g}udembs have let fran 4s marks Novos mec Tod] rwamibcory student haviny maces feet tan do at 3), j | Koay Shdenls ga aa marks bem 40 K4T Scanned with CamScanner le From cine qprowing de 2 find dt dt at gx 02 see. ar’ di* es ° Jor 0°493 yeaa | 2-022 32| SIM) Forwef difermu fable iS + |vde] A a aw gee? 0 ° oe a 0249 i. oy7L “ px ! 034 22) 0 o4 ows) Pee ° 0°63 o% | rng AEE os ale 0939 og | 202% ES 0245 11448 Jo Be ld x=4@) 1, 2 4 es & 1 fe se kinf flo * Fa) a tzo02r Wy gtnh =o S ler @ zor Hex h> 0d = = 5 Scanned with CamScanner fa) = bee Ad@r= ° 34a) apa) = 289 p4ter= ol | Bistee,. “=? - we | pow by using Newtevis porwr Lielenene porn w9t have anton) wf) +. — i Af'Caotth) = bast + O20 4 + ORS Be) + J = 1 [o3t +4) (omsy) + Zo | ou dn Pees = ia [ors +€1) (01) +0] qeieeeae sare a | 3 | f"q+nh) = ra [a (nay S40) ¢ --— J Scanned with CamScanner Ea ; Bercnce Tals | fa: Find cine Asda grvatn evelist $ fB8) # 1G, From the following dat’ a oO I 2 eB cf fo) | 00 | rsof 220 | 3/0 a | S19) from g differene table ic ~ fa) Vv : os | t Vs ? ! EO Vala as pried Hs) i 4) Wo gtoh = 38 am Hort he do qg= 4 ie ees 3 4-38 SOL 4 1 Het $@e46 V4e)=1S gtym=o4 4 IHG) = 04 V4 509 = 0-2, c ere Se _d Scanned with CamScanner r Ce, peat Backwird ARerence formula, we hove eS Bao) 1 2 NINN 43 f (a-nh) = [fe nvfey + DED vite) DOA. 7 fay t NNANAKN-3) 4 4¢, mares Sa ae J lo f@a)= [4 OCs) 1 OYOv oe) ee CUCU) G4) -f @2) (02-1) (92-2) (92-3) cow) | | 24 | Teen = 4.2/936 | we Hor ai am. L [wt Be - vids) + Gre fnt Dy 40 | si Gi psntszrn-G) ea = | aos | ai [ve e Gio) oops © ele) 6+) = (4. @ 2-18 (oayten@e)- (+ @2- 1g see +2@2)- C) on] y= I 669° Scanned with Cam$canner Ea; Uding following dat find a4 of F222 & JY ot x=3 Bh dp aeer ic flay af xen 2} Qgthh = 22 yank = 2 Hee Y= 2 Ticeezedee 2 2 -eee = © h a ei 0,"| Scanned with CamScanner Het. 4@)= 8) © ata = 4% a4(a) = 96 of) = 44 ve, K2h hee: + By Newterts Frewerd olifterne formula pt derveh cama SER | neg 3 | flan) = £ [O40 +n) eae (one) 4) toe] | = G@e-n-) oT 6001) 4 = 4 [4g GenGu) ae er) Ge] | A re \9 = eal | Jrowere dt a t= ¢ ke Ploy ot tee i SS ax taste, i (Oe a-vh =%, anf a=% 8 = i as =| fee) (MOL f (a2 488, 4a) = 299, VEG) = 144 \ G3401= 48, viI4G)=-6 —i\ i; ay Newtess Backwud dienmu Fremuly. Far seed derivate \ wee hare dk) = fen) = L Jutta - 0-9 V3 Fe) | Bloc ~ 4 el 4 (ire 36082) 94 400-4 | 2 = by [ian - COG) + Te) J x Scanned with Cam$canner de ®O Given the terle (oe eee | i‘ wm | a | | Y= fog [ yo per | 22g | $08 Gent YCOS) anf Os) | @® fom the dab , obtain 2 and ay af A=0397 x” ose | ese foe got | 904 1 |o-F$e5 | o7ass | oes; | 97407 @® Fd ce crsy end fcr), Ferm tne following deta ee i [#9 45 | sea] ® Find the ralt 2 grein oF population ber the year \936 firm ine following detq yer Cxy | |9ol ton agar | 1937 [ast| is1| Roe (2 Is 20 | 27 33 ql : Tn thou: cient © — from gran data F x oO | os | Vo Ve \z2 | [for 03995 | 0352 | 0 aj20 ouass| oad ft 469) & ser) Scanned with CamScanner Lagranges Tnrterpujation formula wo Yeh ye tar) be any Rinchen and Sp=fOo) , WEF On), Y=fOn)---- p= fom) ne Prue valiies af pp Xo i Then -- Wy respectively value of yo at any unkown pt yeq say is (rr et Yea) = Gam) (0-1) a4) (0-0) Glo-W) (0-9) (He Ky) ~~ Con) Fe) + Qe%e) Cle -¥2) C4- 5) --(4-¥n) ae) Cle =H) (A= %3) --G-%0) 7 } Gi) (x)=) Cay =m 59 Oita | + Gr) cq) (4-5) --- Ca-mq) | Ayo, a | Ot-¥6) - 1) G7) Gym, 1%? i 1 i + @-%) @-x,) @-%2 --~ G-%, =) Ano) Np) (tga) >On Hn4) 4 Om [ees ts, coullsef Laprcmges Inter poleting Pees i 20% Oa | Whe cE Tuis Interpolation formule fs omy usehul it values of | AS on not Sp spaced O Dis oles § usepule to Find Yen dakn . Msking term in eee ES Scanned with CamScanner F Ens Find Ye) using Lagronges bee oY x joel 4 5 1 | doy) iz) 3 | 14 | te 50!9: Given data x Mes | m=6 Joy fear fo 213 la a-10 ~. BY Lagrange Interpolation formuls 4 Yeiapce yogh = G79) (1-42) Cam) te Ce -%)) Ce) (om) 7? + G-%)Ca-m) a-ms) EO) 1 1-40) One) C93) { + @=%) @-")) (4-%) fOr | (e-%0) C124) One nd) = + Gy) (am) G= re) “1 3-H )C%-%) Ce) 404) gle \ (le) = Qo-e) Cfo-3) Co), aye (o-5) C19) G-€) ¢5-3) (si) G5) (6-3) (6-11) "Xa) + Wo-S) Cle“) ot) ayy 4 Clo-S)((~¢ lio-5) O-5) (9-6) C34) N-6) (1-6) Cii-9) ©) & 2 - 43333 + In 6666 5+ 7333 —_ FF |yao cece | L es Scanned with CamScanner = oe Fd tre too rofesing terms In the -pollucing data oY G re [rs [ 20 [2s i. as | dar oa | — loste# |] o499 | — [O° eel Given datu i x [ For! ia ] Ag =2S | ag = 3s | for) l o-44o) | 0°5767 ost | oe To fied. fon) ab le xets Kaa 30 By im Lagsanges Inhegpolatien fowrruls To bind y af XE% a ss i — G-%y)(0-%a) (a-%) Geer) fe) 3 Ga) (eam) fo © BoA HA) (te-%a ) CEH) Cite) Cha) Or%y) Com) FO) + CH0)CH-H) (OAs emt) 4, 4 OM) oth) l0ts) | Cato) HM) C145) Ga oor Int Ga15 + usegl =e a) i Chg) = O52) Os B05-3'9) 0.420 OS ee + OF =-1) Cry-25) Crs-35) : @-1) C225) a (05764) { Ge-1) Crs-2) crsea 5) pupil Cl sma mactss 5.) GSN) (5-2) Cass) (GSE Ciaess Weires ares) Ca DIG ae a © 349 ) Was) 0529s DP ossey ©4971 ) Scanned with CamScanner Tefm (3) Rub d=3 in@ de = G2 (3-25) (3-399 (2) tr-25) (1-35) 4 Gy C3-25) (43159 (05764) 4) (a- 25) (2-4-5) @:44e1) + Ct (25) @s4) (as-2) (ur aas5 Co:$9n1) + BVisxy G-z7s5) GS-1) (35-2) Caprayy (03801) 7 He Gees J 0-GoR% Wes Fed the misidag seam 4 Pollewsiny deta uaing Lanenpes bnterpoletion formula, Scanned with CamScanner Numerical integration « b le = {ym de —— a where Yor) is abbeined by an Interpolakin formals in the interval CQb) 15 divided inte n Subioresved df que ee Re bete % and Yy=Xo, Y=Vhry .--- Y= Vero) be x thee Corresponding Wallies of; Y= foo. | a) tc Id Q2%0, Ath zy, Tekan, | ms X= /a=Ae [os a Sa: nt | %n = Sateen Ww | B Ifels fs ' Then Following Interpelatien formulue a used to Sele (D Tin + Th an interval devided te n gubinteses] 4 equal length hen we Say (H+!) nay ovllrabes: eto Sh Sn Yo Cn ordete) © Trapcadilal tule ¢ Th OM eon gt otf Trape sore) ME b Yorn - | Jyoode =f yoods = ib [ Gott») 42H tod] ! Xo nis is calud as arepeaoidal auld, Scanned with CamScanner 1) pa a aie Bs | © Serpions rule 89 ap n te een any I Yorn | Yoody = g3 . y J Yoodr = 4 [Go+%0) 44 2 Get) +220) ge Yornh from Yendy = B Vestn) 4 Cita riper tna) +2 +47 Vert- 4%) | | @Aimpsors Brule sy Th n ts multinle +f 3 | b oenh {yond = fYoodx = a [o%0) + BCI 4 Mat 4404) 3 2 42 (%04YG 4% 42-4 Sna)] | of Sm doe 3h [Ges + 3 Z Gnebmutrc4 a) 42 ZG ramen ie matte 9) D Scanned with Cam$canner 2 4 .f { dx Y Ex 39 Fyaludle o9 appsowimade value f inteyr rg qaving b= o> Uding Trepercided chZ. h ol?! %Xotn Re a Bi: J yoda = ate dx an Ao 1 Her, YOr= Gy, Yo Yornh=2 THs fives h= or Kieneth | W2=Aetth seae ere een tsh 4 / | L = ee ee ae F “4 ds: =O3S4| = 03333 = Ya yore faye= £ | riz o4sas] B= Ole —ossag noo OY yalnj Teapercidel wile | Yeah 2 le = 5 tn B [Gotredr 2C9%4%59 163] Seg [@s+03933) + 2 (©4545 4 0.4166 49°35%6 Lh + OSS = (oy) (©9333) +2 (46128)] = 040583 Scanned with CamScanner 2 BE ead Using dimpsorts wt. f Ta-y, 4 i by dividing Ane teyion in Jo equal parts. So) fle 2 inh | T= f feydr = [ yon de | i Xo | Wher, 9, Vy tommh=2 , Ye Pre | | Sine we hae to divide geen inteavel in 10 cued Pats ne. Nele ha 25% - tt at aol Eas Sar Te 19 | Ho my Mn a ere as |e Pa | as i MW be Wa [V4 Tes [hé fis H| Y= PL) oon [09945 | o-gsc6 | o9ac4 | ogase] 1 ound 0 0 be | ae |e ta ef, ei se 1s I Bind feted No} subintervals N=to wh ts even. | ~ By _ysing Aimpsons Yet ule, we have Yernhy 2 } roca =f Yordx = 4 [Ger%e)+ 4 Xftes) Pea 1 Xe 7 =h [Gotti )+ 4 (44494 454 p94 Ya) ly F 202144 + 46948) ] ae (©7091 412249) + 4(.0:9945 4 012944414 |: 0954+ +2 [083 6l + 019486 + ogoge (Ho! = 0.985 2 | frm = 0:983 Scanned with CamScanner Colbtlater Nite: > Fey CYnCh fer ziyb, J Ex: calculte an approximate valu De fe es badi de © 94 Trapegoidel vale D ay simpsoss rule uding 1 ordinakes . $0) pe lee ui Yernh Sol? T= J ginndx = ( yoda = Ao Hert, BB * You = Sinn, Oe sn RA: in wena fo use 11 ordinals j2 we needto divide =, ‘interval CO,W2) in Jo eyaf pats fe, nzl0 he ieroXs. ena yes Yn = 0:3090 = 3¥20 OY, 04540 Ha Ay = IS 14 = 05878 Xe 2 M4 Wg = 97H = 08°90 %6 = FMi10 M4 Yq = o83le To x Ye) = Box % =O Yo =0 xz &, Y, = 01864 %y = FMi0 | Ree fe eS %y = IN20 Yg = 0:9899 [ Xo = Ne Yes (000 Scanned with CamScanner 8 Trapesoided yale | oto (end, 2 its = (So os I iH x @ (ony t 2 Omer e+, | 1174 Yer %)] =A ae) [ On)t 2 (61564 +0: 30904 a6, F 05898 +0:F0F! 40-8090 + ogo +095 4+ 9198744 ] SS Gas yneeey = 3% : = (12-4062) RENE iy. ne J zie Aotnh inxdn 2 - ah || 2 { Yoo dn = A [Got ye) + 4CK 144549944) | T2444 +%4¥e)) Ge) [e+ + 4 (01564 + 0.4549 40-403 + 089104 09874) 420.3090 + 05538 + 08090 oss} = EU 4 aCs1902) ¢ ocresesr] = fr oovccaIsé Tee s J ainndy = 4 aprren ondi 6 — E = — . Scanned with CamScanner f i OL & [14-0996] | | as Ex: valuable Deigecdee 4% oy 2 into 8 eyed pasts by Simpson's S0)9 ) 2 tg. | fivaait de = > Hort, Yours (144 sin Ho dividing the ears sulg Srnhy f yoo dx Ho 20}, Moth = 2 Tis Given tak, Nos os Lubintends N = Ceen-no) Bee o ign Say ae he So - SF = “Tews ee ao Dols eajul ae ms [a [ts % [xy | x6 A = le 02s og j|oas] & tag [ies [FE] 2 1 57 | 113854] 16909] 19596 |arKsr ]2-2315 ]2-2074] 2-0754 YOr=[i44 sik ‘| Yo 4 Ye | | YG Neale] Vos [o 04 ya — By Simpsons 1474 vale : etmh te - J 144 Sita = cl yondy = es | Go+%e) . x + 4 C1443 ts #¥7) 2 Cit 14 t46) | 3 = [ G+ 20754) + 4 (ns4 + 1°650F + 2414524 21201) 42 (13955 = 35417 appreaions : os - It { sin’ dx = zsin ( pares tPISHEH 22315) ] Scanned with CamScanner ee hth eee | + Find the [pprorinede value 4 c ae ; JS oa “© Treperoidel rule ® Simpsons vy" ute @ Slenpsois Ym rule MON) Bix falemwals Sub intervals of inter (422) eg = os Yornh ; ae {Yoo du Xo Momh = 2-2 5 e C Sub intervals.) [ea I = on q 6 “|, %e ah % 3 ee as ae t ' ee | eg re. | eames. Sas age 3 = | Bes 0:3679 | 0°1994 | o-l00g | 0°9483] 0:0217 | 0°993) | 0-035 | ie | Np Ye Ya | 9a ta \emmlaeys—@) By Tapeaeidel rule Ae ae iN fda = Jyedn = [Ges Ve)#2 Cn 164954944 165] ff Xo = wou [cae +0003) + 2(0:1994 + Ov0¢ + 00483 +0:0217 + S=7)\ = ot [O314) + 2(-344197 =O N256 = ee : Scanned with Cam$canner wy 14 cube ay ampsono Ye F @ay_smeserio Ys Ht ern ar eet Bb [a tt6) nACH a7 15) oe a : +2444) J 1 21994 + 00482 = ob [@-307 peop s jak Coe ee onal) +2(o:loos +0 0214) | = o-r0geh , © % Singers 47“ Aomh ar ae = lh BCM tat Ya 115) 2a 0 yee 3h | Gor) + ; ro +2013) 7 Ee ecee) [ Gaeas+ 0:0035.)+ 3Co1944 4 O'100% , 2 + 0-021F + 00031) + 2( 00483) ] = (ors) [ @3914) +3 C328) 42 (.0-0493)] = (5) [ 03414 + (09864) + (0-096) J = 0:/0908 Scanned with CamScanner Ex. ia Simpsons cule psons , evalude the integral Ae Hi [x de by daviding the dae Ay tokeprelion Foto 9 eee parts. $0\? > le = se Yornh = fords = { Yoo de ° Yo here yen = d= Se Hoe, Ao anh = ee =e ee i taeats THs g¥en #nat N= thd nog subintervals = g ee h= “5-40 45-0 n 3 > ti Fests lane * es Ose foes ee “fe >| 4 Sah t Ign ae as | 3 3914 12.5 | ’ | Wong f rss) | 993% [rstol 2. busay SS italiaal sae Pf bag | ipa eey pee sy aa speee a yearly, 4g Un _| | 7G Binu Jota) na gp dubinterwls is § ceedd J anf Hy Is malinoe 3. Gy Amps Srrvule meatus <8 : A Jane = yondn = [Gory FIO tt Yat yy « Ye) t2(49446>] = 3e9) foram) +3 [oF06+1 41-414 + OS81 +I + 2) tot pops 9] [Jaws coe] ° L _d Scanned with Cam$canner Hw @») © evebude 5 he we using 9 ordinatss by Simpsons hid oO ule. Hone fond eee Te : ie Sei iat re dunn), = Thy % ardina, by atimpsors yt ye x @ Evaluals f Sina de using °o A Ne @® using Simpsons cule, evelts J Terao) de x el pars ude by dividing an tnterel 1 € H @® Evdas 14 J Glooe - lojex + €%) am OL by Sage a! alt taking eon Scanned with Cam$canner * Qs Sol) of SDitference ———— Difference kppection 32? Diferene epiation is an equation pehween the differences J an unknown qundivn at one a mort ferers| valucs olf angemerds foe: © (N-Sat6)%n =o @® (er-4€ +4) in =? @ Nowe t34%nn ty =9 r Th the eqpalivo is in tees HE, then ipwek power oe E waypeering intre g piffewnee ef? 18 an order | Oifennee e9. ne | Eat Gnd dre order ppwooiy Diexen& e745. | oO Snehelarmecinat oC to ® > PY 42 Ey - FY) t2%n=° | % (428-427) In =e -. order is 3 eres. @© & -sa16 mw =9 3( (E> - 5 Ce 46) 109 <0 a(er- 24) -S€45 6) Yn =e 2 (€*-7E +) 49 =° Saba ~2 odes fs 2 I Scanned with CamScanner | Ly . et Siffenence Qquiechion Coit Const Coefficients Be ef) ob the Jorn n (0% E20) te cee +%) ¥, eae When a FOr. an ane Consk fs called as Sinear difference epychen coith ans} coopster, Byenloolicaly i} can be daitten as | ©) 4, = fy cae) | | The 219 4, IO is cos g foo parts | @ Carnplem an tory tanchon Cr) | ® Perhiculay Taeprof Cr), an] sol if waitrenas a a Scanned with CamScanner Rules To bind CF Let us consides a Yiven dierent oq (+ Pe) ain = fn a ™m pul (6) =0 1 Replat and tind ther roots, (ab C= ™ mi, mm ame roots oF efi) thin een on the Nature oy rots , we pnd pac explain ioelow, Gx O ThE Roots ont real and dishnct 4 Vee mM, MM es,my ae Feb, C Real amd distmet) nen Cee q M44 (mi) + 6 3)9"4 & (me BHD: ry wots ere same Cael and repeated.) ler m, =m = M3 aden J} Aome wot Gat Sarat amd odnets gum dione then 10. fee Mm =m. SM % Me Ms OX disinc- ee | (= = G@tagtn'a) (m)% 7M Oras + ess | | GX @®s Ip wats ae imaginary | ie. Tb m= tip /™,c d-ig Ce c= dp) Note og } os (ae) (4 cos ng +G an np) Wher @- en!) Scanned with CamScanner

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