UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES

& PROFESSIONAL ETHICS

RVE-301
3rd Semester
 Universal Human Values & Professional Ethics
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Need For This Course?

 Tremendous progress made on technological fronts - bringing us more

comfort and conveniences than ever before. But, all this progress has not
guaranteed the human beings a sense of satisfaction & happiness at
heart.

 4 Levels of Existence-
 Self or Individual
 Family
 Society
 Nature/Existence

 What we observe today at different levels?

Individual Level - Lack of Vision, Unclear goals, Stress, Depression.

Family Level- Lack of Understanding, Mistrust, Conflicts.
Society Level- Social Tensions, Exploitation, Corruption, Terrorism,
Communalism,
Nature Level- Environmental Degradation, Climate Change, Global
Warming.
 Hence, we need to explore what is wrong?

Understanding “Value”
 What is our ‘‘Value’ in existence?
 What is our role, our participation at various levels of existence?
 What is ‘Valuable’ for us?
 What are the things that we value as a human being?
 What any human being desires is –
 Happiness
 Prosperity
 Continuity
 Skills
 Methods & practices necessary to actualize the goal of achieving all
that is of VALUE to us, in various dimensions of life.
 Four Dimensions of Life: Thoughts, Behaviour, Work & Realization.

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Value Education Objectives

 To understand and decide the fundamental question-

“What really is valuable to human being?”
 To learn about the essential complementarily between VALUES and
SKILLS.
 To correctly identify our ASPIRATIONS.
 To understand that the core aspirations of all human beings are-
Sustained Happiness & Prosperity
 To enable us to live in Harmony with self, with other Human beings, and
with Nature & rest of existence at large.
 To develop a HOLISTIC perspective of all the levels of human existence-
from Self to Society to Nature and covering all dimensions of human life:
Thought, Behavior, Work, Realization
 To learn:
 Ethical code of conduct,
 Mutually satisfying & trustful Relationships,
 Enriching interaction with Nature.

Process of Value Education

 Proposals: The presentation of various aspects of reality to facilitate

correct understanding of human values.
 Verification of Proposals: Having a right to examine investigate and
verify these proposals by ourselves. Verification is done in two ways
1. Natural Acceptance: Whether these proposals are acceptable to us
in a natural manner and are not just imposed on us externally?
2. Experiential Validation: To experience the validity of proposals by
living our life based on them.
 Transformation: To initiate a transformation in our understanding, in
our consciousness, and in our life.

Basic Guidelines for Value Education

To decide on what will qualify as an appropriate input for value

education.

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Universal –

- Universally applicable to all human beings; not restricted to any

particular sect, creed, gender, religion or Nationality.

Rational –
- Based on reasoning, and not just on blind faith or beliefs.
- Not as a set of sermons or strict Do’s and Don’ts.
Natural & Verifiable -
- Acceptable to all in a natural manner.
- Open to verification by individual by putting in life and observing its
outcome.
All Encompassing –
- To be applicable in all dimensions of our living: Thought, Behavior
Work and Understanding / Realization
- To transform at all levels: Individual, Family, Society and Nature.
Leading to Harmony - To enable us live in harmony within Self, with
others, and with the Universe.

Self – Exploration

 To start observing within ourselves and not just outside ourselves.

Self Exploration is a process of:

 Dialogue between “what you are” and “what you want to be”.
 Self – evolution through self – investigation.
 Knowing oneself and through that knowledge, knowing the entire
existence.
 Recognizing one’s relationship with every unit in existence and fulfilling
it.
 Knowing human conduct, human character; and living life accordingly.
 Being in harmony with oneself and in harmony with the entire existence.
 Identifying our Innateness.
 Moving towards –
Self-Organization and Self–Expression.

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Self Exploration

“What I really
“What I am?”
want to be?”

 Difference between the above two is – the Contradiction - that creates

conflict within us and results into unhappiness.
 Contradictions that we see outside are often a reflection of contradictions
within ourselves.
 Contradictions can be in various aspects of our life – within us, in our
behavior with others, in our thoughts, in our interaction with society
and with Nature.
 We are usually driven by a set of assumptions/beliefs which are contrary
to our natural acceptance and hence cause contradiction.
 We want something, we say something else. We think something else, we
do something else; and the results of our actions do not match with our
expectations.
 Once we lead the process of self-investigation, we find these
contradictions within ourselves. This brings us to self–evolution and we
start feeling comfortable with our own selves.

Swatva : Being one’s own self.

Swatantrata: Being self – organized.
Being in harmony in oneself.
Swarajya: Self – expression.
Self – extension.
Living in harmony with others.

Contents of Self – Exploration

Two fundamental questions –
1. Desire: What is my basic aspiration?
2. Program: What is the process to fulfill this basic aspiration?

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Process of Self Exploration

“Whatever is stated is a Proposal”

“Do not start by assuming it to be either true or false”
“Verify it in your own right”
“Don’t just accept or reject the proposal”
- On the basis of scriptures.
- On the basis of instruments
- On the basis of others.
 “Firstly, verify the proposal on the basis of your natural acceptance”
 “Secondly, live according to the proposal to validate experientially,
 Behavior with other Human beings leads to Mutual Happiness.
 Work with rest of the nature leads to Mutual Prosperity.
 Thus the ultimate truth is only that –
- which is naturally acceptable to us;
- which leads to mutual fulfillment in our relationship with other
human beings;
- which leads to mutual prosperity in our working with all the rest of
Nature.

Natural Acceptance

 Anything that is there in each one of us.

 Anything that we desire most naturally; most spontaneously.
 Anything that comes from within automatically, without
referring to anything outside.

Characteristics of Natural Acceptance

 Natural acceptance doesn’t change with time

 It doesn’t depend on place.
 It doesn’t depend upon our beliefs or past – conditionings.
 Natural Acceptance is ‘constantly there’, something we can always refer
to.
 Natural acceptance is same for all of us-
 It is part and parcel of every human being.
 It is part of humanness.

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So, Natural Acceptance is within us, all the time. We have to only start
referring to it to know what is right for us.

Mental Pre- Conditionings

 Our beliefs and assumptions that either we have inherited or invented

ourselves.
 We are very sticky about them, without ever verifying them.
 We try hard to justify them and make all efforts to defend them
 We usually call them our own very personal domain –not to be
questioned but only believed to be absolutely true.
 We usually give them sacred touch by calling these assumptions as our
own ‘Aastha’, ‘Vishwas’, ‘Sanskriti’.
 Trying to defend our assumptions has resulted into conflicts, loss of
cordial relations, distrust, loss of our happiness.
 With Nature, we are mostly exploiting it rather than enriching it.
So what is the way out?
 Verify all your assumptions on the basis of your Natural
Acceptance.
 Validate them by living according to that.

Realization & Understanding

 Self Exploration  Process Involves

(i) Verification of proposal based on natural acceptance.
(ii) Experiential validation by living according to Proposal.

Result of Self Exploration:

(i) Realization
(ii) Understanding
 Answers one gets are-
(a) Assuring – being assured of having answers & understanding in
oneself.

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(b) Satisfying - being satisfied that the answers are fulfilling to oneself.
(c) Universality - knowing that the answers are universally applicable to
all irrespective of time, space, individual.
 Impact of Realization & Understanding:
- Expression in most natural manner.
- Readily acceptable to all.

Basic Human Aspirations

 What is the most basic desire behind all our actions and achievements?

(a) To acquire HAPPINESS on a continuous manner,

- To be free from contradictions.
- To be in consonance with our natural acceptance.
- To be in a state of Harmony.

(b) To have adequate fulfillment of our bodily needs and

materialistic/physical facilities - that will result into having a feeling
of PROSPERITY; on a CONTINUOUS basis.

 Thus our most basic aspirations are –

Continuous Happiness & Prosperity.

 What is Happiness?
“To be in a state for situations, where there is harmony &
synergy – To be in a state of liking”.

On the other hand,

“To be in a state or situation, involving conflict or
contradictions, is to be in a state of unhappiness.

What is Prosperity?
“The feeling of having or making available more than required
physical facilities”

 Essential Aspects for Prosperity

(a) Correct assessment of needs for physical facilities,
(b) Competence to produce necessary physical facilities.

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Difference between Wealth & Prosperity:

Wealth:
- A physical thing.
- To have a lot of money and /or physical materialistic things.
Prosperity:
- A feeling of having more than required.
- A feeling of having enough, not being deprived.

 Our basic desire is to feel prosperous. Wealth is just a means to that

end.
 Currently, we tend to achieve happiness through maximization,
accumulation and consumption of physical & materialistic facilities.
 There is difference between ‘WANTING’ and BEING’.

Program to fulfill Basic Human Aspirations

 Make a detailed ‘List of Wants.’

 Differentiate between ‘Physical Wants’ and Emotional Wants.’
 Physical things of different types can be clubbed together, as ‘Physical
Facilities’.
 Physical Facilities:
- Necessary for both, Human beings + Animals.
- Necessary & complete for Animals.
- Necessary & incomplete for Human Beings.

 Physical facilities should lead to:

 Prosperity in Humans
 Enrichment in Nature
 Besides physical facilities, we need Relationship to satisfy our Emotional
Wants.

 Relationships- :
 Mutual fulfillment is must for Relationship.

 Question to ask yourself -:

 Do I want to live with a sense of prosperity, or with a sense of
deprivation?
 Should I protect & enrich Nature, or exploit it?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Differences between our Natural Acceptance and our Current State

Relationship Mutual Fulfillment leading to Problems at multiple

happiness levels
Leading to stress
unhappiness

Physical Necessary & Complete Necessary & incomplete

Facilities
Feelings of Prosperity Deprivation
Working for Prosperity Accumulation of Wealth
Relationship Enriching, Protecting Nature Exploiting, Destroying
with Nature Nature

Family & Cordial, Harmonious Tensions, Conflicts

Social
Relations

Time & Efforts More in Building Relationships More in acquiring

Investment Physical Facilities
Results we Satisfaction, Fulfillment Dissatisfaction, More
want Greed, Complexes

Questions to ask yourself:

 Do I understand human relationships well?
 Do I know what the expectations of others from me are?
 Is unhappiness in my family more due to lack of adequate physical
facilities, or due to lack of strong relationships?
 What is more important for me – human relationships or physical
facilities?
 Am I spending more time in building relationships, or in acquiring
physical facilities?

Some observations:
 Having wealth is necessary, but not sufficient to have Prosperity.
 We usually operate on the basis of our own assumptions, which
may be right or wrong,
 We are mostly unaware about own assumptions.

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 Hence, we never bother to verify our assumptions or validate it
with experience. --------------
-----------------------------------------------------------

Right Understanding

 The ultimate solution to our problems is to have a “right

understanding” – with others and Nature.
 Right understanding of relationships and of physical
faculties.
 To decide our needs for physical facilities and ensuring more
than enough of it.
 To work in a mutually fulfilling manners both with humans
and with Nature.
 To understanding human relationships and expositional
properly.

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Three Basic Requirements to Ensure Happiness & Prosperity

for all Human Beings
1

Right Understanding

2 3

Relationships Physical Facilities

Relationship with other people /human beings Relationship with the

rest of Nature

Mutual Fulfillment Mutual Prosperity

Decide Needs; ensure to have more of it. Work in a continually fulfilling

with Nature

Prosperity in Us
Prosperity/ enriching of Nature

Right Understanding + Relationship = Mutual Fulfillment,

Right Understanding + Physical Facilities = Mutual Prosperity

Two Kinds of People Today

(1) People who do not have physical facilities and feel unhappy & deprived;
Such people are –
‘Materially Deficient, Unhappy and Deprived’
We can call them-
“Sadhan Viheen, Dukhi, Daridra” (SVDD)

(2) People who have physical facilities, yet they feel unhappy and deprived.
Such people are –
‘Materially affluent, but still unhappy and deprived;

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We can call them –
“Sadhan Sampann, Dukhi, Daridra”(SSDD)

 Which position we would like to be in?

‘Materially Affluent, Happy and Prosperous’
“Sadhan Sampann, Sukhi, Samridh”(SSSS)

Stages for Living in Harmony

 We do not accept conflict/contradiction.

 We do not only avoid them, but rather desires actively-
Harmony/ synergy at all levels of our living.

 Animal Consciousness :-
To live solely on the basis of/work for Physical Facilities alone.

 Human consciousness:-
To live with all three essentials:
1. Right Understanding.
2. Relationship with Humans.
3. Physical Facilities.

 To develop from Animal Consciousness to Human consciousness is

Transformation.
 It is a qualitative improvement in Consciousness.
 Value education enables this Transformation.

Understanding Human Beings as a Co-existence of the Self and the Body

‘I’ Body
Needs are -- Trust, Respect Food, Clothing, Shelter etc.
Happiness
In Time, Needs are… Continuous Temporary
In Quantity, Needs are ... Qualitative (no Quantitative (limited in
Quantity ) Quantity )

Right Physical facilities

Needs are Fulfilled by… Understanding &

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Relationship

Desiring, Thinking, Breathing, Heartbeat,

Activities are... Expecting Digestion

Knowing, Recognizing, Fulfilling

Assuming
Recognizing,
Fulfilling

Physico-chemical substance
It is Composed of...... Consciousness (material )
(non-material)

Needs of the Body and the Self

 Needs for the Body are Physical in nature e.g. Food, clothing, shelter etc.
 Needs of the Self (I) are not Physical, but involve feelings e.g. Trust, love,
respect etc.
 Needs of the Body are temporary in time and keep changing with time.
 Needs of the Self are continuous, and we do not want absence of them
even for a minute.
 Pattern of physical facilities consumption keeps changing from –

Necessary and tasteful

Unnecessary but tasty

Unnecessary and tasteless

Intolerable

 Needs for physical facilities are limited; above these limits they create
more problems & troubles.

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 Whatever is naturally acceptable, I want it continuously.
Whatever is not naturally acceptable, I do not want it even for a single
minute.
 Fulfillment of the needs of Body does not ensure fulfillment of the Self
needs. They are different. One cannot replace another; we need both –
‘sukh’ and ‘suvidha’.

Activities of Self and Activities in Body

All Our Activities

Activities going in “Self” (I) Activities involving both ‘I’ and Body Activities going only in Body

Seeing
Thinking Breathing
Talking
Dreaming Digesting
Listening
Imagining Blood- flow
Eating
Analyzing Heart- Beat
Walking
Understanding

These are ‘my’ activities; they are These activities require my active These activities do not require my
within ‘me’. participation. active participation.

These activities are not happening ‘by themselves’ ‘I’ is the entity responsible for them.
These activities are happening by
themselves but with the consent of ‘I’.

Body as an Instrument of ‘I’

1. I am… My Body is…

2. I want to live Body co-exists with me

3. I take decision Body acts accordingly

4. I need continuous happiness Body needs Nurturing,

Protection & Right Utilization

5. I am the Seer, Doer & Enjoyer Body is an Instrument.

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I am the ‘Seer’

 Eyes don’t see, they are just instruments to see. ‘I’ see via the eyes; ‘I’
attach meaning to what I see outside. ‘I’ understand what it is.
 ‘I’ see ‘outside’ with eyes. ‘I’ can also see ‘inside’ me without eyes. ‘I’
understand my feelings within me.
 ‘Seer’ means one who understands – “Drushta”

I am the ‘Doer’
 ‘I’ am the one who decides what to do or not to do; ‘I’ decide, ‘I’
make the choices.
 ‘I’ may use the Body to act, as an instrument. Doer is one who
does – “Karta”.

I am the ‘Enjoyer’
 ‘I’ am the one who enjoys the taste of food, not my tongue.
 ‘I’ am the one who feels happy or depressed, sad or delighted.
 ‘Enjoyer ‘ means one who enjoys – “Bhokta ”

Activities in ‘I’
Knowing, Assuming, Recognizing, Fulfilling.
 The Recognition & Fulfillment in ‘I’ depends upon Assuming.
 Assuming depends upon Knowing. Without Knowing, we only Assume
or operate on the basis of beliefs.

Activities in the ‘Body’

 Activities in the Body are Recognizing and Fulfilling.
 The Body does not have the capacity to Assume; thus the Recognition
& Fulfillment in the Body is always definite.

Harmony in the Self (I)

Powers Activities
 Desire  Imaging
 Thought  Analyzing
 Expectation  Tasting

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Imagination =Desire+ Thought + Expectation

Conflicts within Self –

- Unaware, undecided, unsure, about our own powers and activities

within ourselves.
- Conflicting and unverified desires, thoughts and expectations in
us.
- Preconditioned desires, thoughts & expectations.

Problems faced-
 Wavering aspirations - often borrowed from others, and
influenced by external inputs.
 Lack of confidence - being unsure about what we really
desire, and keeping comparing with others.
 Unhappiness due to conflicting desires, and attempting for
short-cuts or cheating others.
 Lack of Qualitative improvements in us - as we don’t pay
attention to the needs of ‘I’ but only for the Body.
 Disillusionment and a state of resignation, due to inability to
resolve problems.

Key Values in Human Relationship

1. Trust
To be assured that each human being inherently wants oneself and the
other to be happy & prosperous.
2. Respect
Right evaluation – To be evaluated as I am.
3. Affection
The feeling of acceptance of other - To realize that I am related to you
and you are related to me.
4. Care
The feeling of responsibility of nurturing and protecting the Body of all
related to us.
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5. Guidance
The feeling of ensuring right understanding and feelings in the other,
related to me.
6. Reverence
The feeling of acceptance of excellence in the other, related to me.
7. Glory
The feeling for someone who has made efforts for excellence.
8. Gratitude
The feeling of acceptance for those who have made effort for my
excellence.
9. Love
The feeling of being related to all human beings. Also known as
‘Complete Value’.

Trust
 ‘Foundation Value’
“To be assured that each human being inherently wants oneself and the
other to be happy and prosperous”.
 Exploration for Trust has two parts:
1. Intention (Wanting to - our Natural Acceptance)
2. Competence (being Able to Do )
 Lack of Trust becomes the source of Fear.

Intention Competence
1a) I want to be happy. 1b) I am always happy.
2a) I want to make other 2b) I always make other
happy. happy.
3a)The other wants to be 3b) The other is always
happy. happy.
4a) The other wants to 4b)The other always makes
make me happy. me happy.

 We judge ourselves on the basis of Intention; but judge others on the

basis of Competence.

Respect
Right Evaluation.
 Mistakes in our evaluation can be of three types:
1. Over Evaluation
- To be evaluated more than what it is.

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- Wrongful flattery makes one uncomfortable.
2. Under Evaluation
- To evaluate less than what it is.
- Unjustified condemnation makes one sad.
3. Otherwise Evaluation
- To evaluation otherwise than what it is.
- Makes one feel bad
-
 Differentiation in Respect
(a) On the basis of Body –
Gender /Race /Age /Physical Strength /Features
(b) On the basis of physical facilities
Wealth /Position/Status
(c) On the basis of Beliefs
Thought system /Sects

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Harmony in the Family
o Relationship exists inherently in the Family. It is naturally
interdependent. We need to only recognize & understand it.
o Relationship exists between ‘I’ and ‘I’ - Self of a person is related
to the ‘Self’ of other person.
o Self has feeling in a relationship naturally. The feelings are
between ‘I’ and ‘I’.
o Recognizing and fulfilling these feelings leads to mutual
happiness in a relationship.
Justice
 Justice is the recognition of values (the definite feelings) in
relationship, their fulfillment and the right evaluation of the
fulfillment resulting in mutual Happiness.

Self (I) Relationship Self (I)

Recognize Values (Feelings) in Relationship

Fulfillment of Feelings

Evaluation of the fulfillment of Feelings

Mutual Happiness

Five Dimensions of Human Endeavour

(Programs needed for Comprehensive Human Goal)

1. Education - Right living

2. Health – Self-Regulation
3. Justice - Preservation
4. Production - Work
5. Exchange - Storage
1. Education – Right Living
Education – To understand harmony at all four levels of existence.
Right Living - Commitment and preparedness to live in harmony at all
four levels.
 This dimension leads to developing right understanding and right
feelings to ensure ‘Samadhan’ for every individual.

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 The goal & objective of Education is to provide content and the
environment to work for achieving continuous happiness &
prosperity.

2. Health – Self Regulation

Health - When the Body is fit to act as per the needs of the Self ‘I’, and
there is harmony among all the parts of the Body.
Self Regulation- The feeling of responsibility for nurturing, protection and
right utilization of the Body.
 ‘Samyam’ is the basis of ‘Swasthya’.
 ‘Swasthya’ is the condition of the Body, where every part is
performing its expected functions.

3. Justice - Preservation
Justice - Harmony in relationship between human being _ its
recognition, fulfillment and right evaluation - leading to Mutual
Happiness.
Preservation - Harmony in relationship between human being and the
rest of the Nature - leading to Mutual Prosperity, through
Enrichment, Protection and Right utilization.

4. Production – Work
Production – The output/physical produce that is obtained through
efforts.
Work – The physical efforts made by human beings on the rest of the
Nature.
 What to produce?
o Depending upon the right identification of needs.
 How to produce?
o Through production system that are cyclical in Nature.
o Ensuring that we maintain inherent balance in Nature, and
processes are mutually fulfilling & enriching.

5. Exchange - Storage
Exchange - The mutual exchange of physical facilities between the
members of Society, with a view of mutual fulfillment.
Storage - The storage of physical facilities left after fulfilling the needs of
members.
o Exchange is not aimed for profit only. Storage is not
meant for Hoarding.
o Exchange is for meeting our future needs.

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Achieving Comprehensive Human Goal
through Five Dimensions

 Education – Right living: Right Understanding

 Health - Self Regulation: Prosperity & Happiness
 Justice - Preservation: Fearlessness & Co-existence
 Production – Work: Prosperity & Co-existence
 Exchange - Storage: Prosperity & Fearlessness

 Undivided Society - Being related to all human beings.

 Universal Human Order - Being related at all Levels.

Conformance
Each unit conforms through the Principle of Conformance.
 Material Order
Each atom conforms to the constitutional structure. Hence it has
‘Constitutional Conformance’.
 Plant/Bio or Pranic Order
‘As the seed, thus the plant’ Hence Pranic Order has ‘Seed
Conformance.’
 Animal Order
All animals conform to their lineage. Hence Animal order has ‘Breed
Conformance’.

 Human Order
All human are different, according to each ones’ imagination,
i.e.(Desire + Thought + Selection)
As the education, so the human; Human Order conforms to
‘Sanskaar’.

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Differentiating between Animal Order & Human Order

Order
Aspect Animal Order Human Order

Things Animal Body+ ‘I’ Human Body + ‘I’

Innateness Existence +Growth (in Body) Existence + Growth (in

will to live (in ‘I’) Body)
Will to live with happiness
(in ‘I’)

Natural Composition/Decomposition Composition

Characteristic Nurture /Worsen(in Body) /decomposition Nurture/
Cruelty/ Non-cruelty (in ‘I’) worsen (in Body)
Perseverance + Bravery+
Generosity(in ‘I’)

Response
Mode Reaction
Physical Facilities + Right
Needs Physical Facilities Understanding (in Body )
Relationship + Right
Understanding (in ‘I’)

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Harmony in Existence

5 Elements
Earth, Water, Fire, Air, Sky.

The Concept of ‘Space’

o All four Orders exist in ‘Units’.
o Units are countable, limited in size & shape.
o All four orders are inter- connected and exist in Space.
o Space is not ‘Unit’, but it exists as a reality.

Existence
o All that exists including Space.
o Space + Units (in space)
o Nature, submerged in Space
Nature
o All four Orders (Material, Plant, Animal, Human)

Existence

UNITS SPACE
Limited Unlimited, All
pervading
Active No activity
Energized Energy in Equilibrium
Each Unit recognizes & fulfils its Reflecting,
relation with other Units Transparent
Self –organized Self organization is
available

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Existence= Co-Existence

Units (Nature) Space

Material I-Conscious

Pranic Order Knowledge

Material Order

Atom Plant Cells

Activity
Completeness
Animal Body+ I = Animal Order
Molecule
Evidence/Living
Human Body + I= Human Order
Molecular Structure

Conduct
Lump Completeness

Fluid

Cyclic – Cannot Develop Development – Not Cyclic

Harmony in Existence = Co-Existence at all Levels

 Each Unit is submerged in Space.

(Harmony in Existence)
 Each Unit is related and mutually fulfilling to every other Unit.
(Harmony in Nature)
 Human being is related and mutually fulfilling to every other Unit.
(Harmony in Society)
 ‘I’ is related and wants to be mutually fulfilling to every ‘I’.

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(Harmony in Family)
 ‘I’ is related and wants to be mutually fulfilling to Body.
(Harmony with Body)
 Different activities in ‘I’ are also interrelated to be in harmony.
(Harmony in ‘I’)

Ethical Human Conduct

 Right Understanding, through Self – Exploration results into definiteness

of Human Conduct.

 Elements of Human Conduct:

1. Values 2. Policy 3. Character

 Values: The participation of a Unit in the larger Order - its natural

characteristics - Outcomes of Realization and Understanding.
 Policy: The decision (plan/programme) about the enrichment, protection
and right utilization of resources.
 Character: The definiteness of behavior and work of human being.

 Characteristics of Character :
 Chastity of relationship
 Rightful production, acquisition and utilization of wealth
 Humane behaviors & work with kindness
 The definitiveness of human conduct in terms of values, policies and
character is termed as Ethics.

Universal Values:
 The Truths of existence which are always there.
 Discovering these Values through Self-exploration and living in
accordance to them will lead us to happiness.
 Universal Values cannot be unforced through: Fear/Greed/Blind Faith.

Ethical Conduct
 Naturally acceptable to us - without giving rise to any conflict.
 In consonance with right understanding of the reality - underlying
harmony at all levels.
 Leads to mutual fulfillment with other humans and mutual enrichment
with the rest of Nature.
 The Ethical Conduct is:

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- Self –satisfying / People – friendly / Eco – friendly / Universal
 ‘Swatva’ leads to ‘Swatantrata’ & ‘Swarajya’.
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Comprehensive Human Goal

1. Right understanding + Freedom from Contradictions (in every

Individual)
2. Prosperity and its continuity (in every Family)
3. Fearlessness and mutual trust (in the Society)
4. Co-existence (in the Nature)

 Attaining above Goal will lead to welfare of all.

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Holistic Alternative
 An alternative model of living to replace the present pattern of human
life.

 Universal Human Order

Based on
- Right understanding
- Realization of Co-existence at all levels

 Such Alternative will be:

- Sustainable - Conducive to fulfill basic human aspiration for all
human beings

 Such Model will consist of:

- Humanistic Education System
Holistic Healthcare System
- Appropriate Technologies & Production System.
- Appropriate Management Models
- An Economic Order, based on Recyclability and Compatibility with
Nature
- A Humanistic Constitution

 Holistic Alternative Model will lead to:

- Comprehensive Human Goal
- Human welfare
- A mode of living that is self – satisfying, eco-friendly and people –
friendly.

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- Development of a harmonious world family
- Directing all the knowledge & skills available, all human creativity
towards actualization.
- A Universal Human Order.

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Holistic Technologies

 Present day technologies are built keeping today’s world view in

mind.
 To develop alternate model, new criteria is required to be compatible
to human welfare.

 Holistic Criteria
a. Catering to appropriate needs & lifestyles
b. People-friendly
c. Eco-friendly

Criteria for Appropriate Technology

 To cater to real human needs
 To be compatible with Nature systems
 To facilitate effective utilization of human, animal, plant &
material resources
 To be safe, user –friendly
 To use local resources & expertise
 To be low-cost and energy –efficient
 To enhance use of interacting
 To be promote use of renewable energy resources
 To be durable and to have life –cycle recyclability of products
 To promote decentralization.

Holistic Management Models

Criteria for Holistic Management Models

 Whole unit to work as a well-knit family
 Need fulfillment and customer satisfaction to be main focus areas
rather than profit maximization.
 Effective utilization of human & physical capabilities.
 Integration of individual/organizational/societal objectives.
 Development of human competencies.
 Promoting harmony in employer –employee relationships.
 Promoting a sustainable development.
 Fulfilling corporate social responsibility.
 Sharing of responsibility and developing a participative mode of
management.

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 Motivating employees to reach higher levels of productivity along with

a sense of belongingness & ownership.
 Promoting work –life balance.

Holistic Production Systems

Key questions to be answered:

- What to produce?
- How much to produce?
- For whom to produce?
- How to produce?

Specific Criteria
o Optional utilization of local resources & expertise
o Economic viability and sustainability
o Producibility in local environment
o Decentralisation, capable of providing meaningful employment to
community members
o Production by masses not mass production
o Priority for local consumption.
o Use of people- friendly, eco-friendly technologies
o Promoting human creativity and sense of accomplishment.
o Matching pattern of production with pattern of consumption/
availability of resources
o Quality and cost- effectiveness of production.
o Matching National/local priorities
o Safety of producers & consumers

Humanistic Education
An education system that will inculcate right understanding of harmony
at all four levels of existence.
It is a process to enable the human being to live in accordance to natural
acceptance.
It aims to develop-
o A commitment to live according to the right understanding.
o Competence to implement right understanding in all
Endeavors of life.

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o An integration of values & skills to understanding one’s
physical needs correctly.
o Realization of one’s innateness.
o Understanding definitiveness & universality of ethical
human conduct.
o A conviction that only a value-based living can result in
continuous happiness and prosperity.
o A process of self-exploration, leading to continuous self-
evolution of human being.
o Adoption of holistic technology, production systems and
models.
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Journey towards Holistic Alternative

Participation by Family & Society

- Individuals with right understanding become a nucleus of change
for the family and people around.
- Families becomes natural training grounds for evolution of
members, and thereby the whole Society.
- Such Individuals & Families will work collectively for Swarajya-
Akhand Samaj-Sarvabhauma Vyavastha.

Present untenable ethos of-

o Sensuality –mania
o Consumerism- mania
o Profit mania
These will gradually change to the Comprehensive Human Goal of
“Samadhan-Samridhi- Abhay-Sahastitva”.

Major Transition Steps at the level of Society

o Mass awareness about Humanistic education.
o Evolving Holistic models of living.
o Amending policies, programs & systems as per
Comprehensive Human Goal.

Professional Ethics
Profession:
o A channel for participation by human beings in the larger order, in
the form of behavior and work.

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o Not only a means of earning livelihood, but also a means of one’s
evolution through appropriate participation in the larger order.
o To profess what one knows- in human consciousness with right
understanding - in pursuance of Comprehensive Human Goal.
o A kind of ‘Service’.

Ethics:
- A code of conduct detailing what is right and what is wrong.
- A human conduct based on right understanding and living with
human consciousness.

Competence in Professional Ethics

Development of ethical competence is a long-term process to be

achieved through appropriate value- education.
Salient Features:
1. Clarity about Comprehensive Human Goal.
2. Role of Universal Human Order in fulfilling human goal, from
‘Family’ to ‘World Family’.
3. Confidence in oneself and in the harmony, co-existence and self-
regulation – prevailing in all Existence.
4. Competence of mutually fulfilling behavior along with clarity and
confidence in ethical human conduct – and its correlation with
sustainable happiness & prosperity for oneself and all.
5. Competence of mutually- enriching interaction with Nature.
6. Ability to assess the needs for physical facilities for Family and
there fulfillment, ensuring harmony in the Nature.
7. Competence of actualizing one’s understanding in real life.
Inherent Contradictions & Dilemmas in Professional Life

- Focus on wealth maximization.

- Competition in the form of “Your loss is my gain”.
- Exploitation of Nature for personal gains & comforts.
- Businessman exploiting situations of disaster & scarcity.
- Glamorous promotion of goods which are dangerous to
health & safety.
- Exploitation of customers by overcharging, poor quality,
absence of services, false promises.
- Unethical practices by professionals in different spheres.

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- Differences in individual’s values system and organizational
priority.
- Contradictions in principles & practices.

Current Issues in Professional Ethics

- Unethical practices prevailing in all spheres.

- Subversion of Laws to suit individual/political/ corporate
interests.
- Scams/economic offences by companies/trusts/individuals.
- Tax evasion /misuse of public funds.
- Corruption becoming the rule of life.
- Endangering public lives & property.
- Serious degradation to environment.
- Misleading advertisements/propaganda.
- Sales promotion for poor quality goods.
- Cut-throat, unhealthy competition.
- Cartels by industry/MNCs.
- Lobbying by vested interests groups.
- Unchecked activities of mafias.
- Parallel black – market economy.
- Negligence resulting into Industrial disasters.
Methods being implemented to promote
Professional Ethics

- Introduction of courses on values education.

- Oath- taking and code of conduct
- Intensive Auditing & monitoring.
- Stringent laws and punishments.
- Introduction of mechanisms like RTI Act.
- Sting operation and media exposure.
- Honoring whistle- blowers.
- Settling up vigilance bodies forums etc.
- Filing PILs.

Steps for Transition at the level of

Family, Society & Profession

- Mutual fulfillment is the Guiding Principle.

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- Concepts of self–evolution, inter-connectedness, co-existence
at all levels - lead to having a right understanding.

Sequences of Participation by Individuals

1. Right Understanding - Making efforts to gain right understanding.

2. Honesty- Sincerity in developing understanding - spontaneous reflection in

one’s thoughts, behavior and work.

3. Accountability - Feeling one’s responsibility to participate in the larger Order

with right understanding.

4. Participation - Efforts to actually participate in the larger Order including

Family, Society and Nature - according to one’s competence, capacity and
aptitude.
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